一、BIM简介建筑信息模型(Building Information Modeling,简称BIM)是以三维数字技术为基础,集成了建筑设计、建造、运维全过程各种相关信息的工程数据模型。BIM也是一种应用于设计、建造、管理的数字化方法,BIM技术正在推动着建筑工程...一、BIM简介建筑信息模型(Building Information Modeling,简称BIM)是以三维数字技术为基础,集成了建筑设计、建造、运维全过程各种相关信息的工程数据模型。BIM也是一种应用于设计、建造、管理的数字化方法,BIM技术正在推动着建筑工程设计、建造、运维管理等多方面的变革。展开更多
Model reconstruction from points scanned on existing physical objects is much important in a variety of situations such as reverse engineering for mechanical products, computer vision and recovery of biological shapes...Model reconstruction from points scanned on existing physical objects is much important in a variety of situations such as reverse engineering for mechanical products, computer vision and recovery of biological shapes from two dimensional contours. With the development of measuring equipment, cloud points that contain more details of the object can be obtained conveniently. On the other hand, large quantity of sampled points brings difficulties to model reconstruction method. This paper first presents an algorithm to automatically reduce the number of cloud points under given tolerance. Triangle mesh surface from the simplified data set is reconstructed by the marching cubes algorithm. For various reasons, reconstructed mesh usually contains unwanted holes. An approach to create new triangles is proposed with optimized shape for covering the unexpected holes in triangle meshes. After hole filling, watertight triangle mesh can be directly output in STL format, which is widely used in rapid prototype manufacturing. Practical examples are included to demonstrate the method.展开更多
Estimating weak rock mass modulus has historically proven difficult although this mechanical property is an important input to many types of geotechnical analyses. An empirical database of weak rock mass modulus with ...Estimating weak rock mass modulus has historically proven difficult although this mechanical property is an important input to many types of geotechnical analyses. An empirical database of weak rock mass modulus with associated detailed geotechnical parameters was assembled from plate loading tests per- formed at underground mines in Nevada, the Bakhtiary Dam project, and Portugues Dam project. The database was used to assess the accuracy of published single-variate models and to develop a multivari- ate model for predicting in-situ weak rock mass modulus when limited geoteehnical data are available. Only two of the published models were adequate for predicting modulus of weak rock masses over lim- ited ranges of alteration intensities, and none of the models provided good estimates of modulus over a range of geotechnical properties. In light of this shortcoming, a multivariate model was developed from the weak rock mass modulus dataset, and the new model is exponential in form and has the following independent variables： （1） average block size or joint spacing, （2） field estimated rock strength, （3） dis- continuity roughness, and （4） discontinuity infilling hardness. The multivariate model provided better estimates of modulus for both hard-blocky rock masses and intensely-altered rock masses.展开更多
The generation Y is a growing group of young people among the general workforce, having different behaviors and motivators at work. To study effective motivating factors for this group of employees can even show some ...The generation Y is a growing group of young people among the general workforce, having different behaviors and motivators at work. To study effective motivating factors for this group of employees can even show some interesting factors of Y-generation employees＇ value, such as high value of manager flexibility and sharing similar values with the companies they work for. The primary aim of this study is to understand the relationship of Y-generation employee＇s work motivation between operational behaviors and work and organization interests. There are several companies with a number of young employees at Northern Region Industrial Estate Lamphun, Thailand. These companies obviously need to focus on the requirements of Y-generation employees. The study population consisted of Y-generation employees of Northern Region Industrial Estate, Lamphun in which 410 are selected by simple random sampling for the research. The questionnaires were analyzed using LISREL. Two types of data analysis have been performed which are descriptive and Structure Equation Model （SEM）. The research findings indicate that having behavior in the right direction should focus on motivation factors. Motivation to get work and organization interests should focus on hygiene factors. There is a correlation between the operational level of generation Y employees work motivation and their operational behaviors and work and organization interests. The relationship between them clearly is defined in fact finding for determining the human resource management policies.展开更多
More than two decades ago, object-oriented representation of AEC （architecture engineering and construction） projects started to offer the promise of seamless communication of semantic data models between computer-b...More than two decades ago, object-oriented representation of AEC （architecture engineering and construction） projects started to offer the promise of seamless communication of semantic data models between computer-based systems used from the design stage to the operation of the facilities. BIM （building information modelling） emerged and appeared as a means to store all relevant data generated during the life-cycle of the facilities. But this upstream view of the built environment, arising from the design and construction stages, extended to the downstream operations where building and industrial facilities appeared more and more as huge dynamic data producers and concentrators while being operated. This created new challenges leading to what is referred to as ISCs （intelligent and smart constructions）. The current state of the art is that final constructions still contain various and increasingly versatile control and service systems, which are hardly standardised, and not interconnected among themselves. Monitoring, maintenance and services are done by specialised companies, each responsible of different systems, which are relying on customised software and techniques to meet specific user needs and are based on monolithic applications that require manual configuration for specific uses, maintenance and support. We demonstrate in this paper that the early promises of integration across the actors and along the life-time of facilities have gone a long way but will only be delivered through enhanced standardisation of computerized models, representations, services and operations still not yet fully accomplished 25 years after work started.展开更多
建筑信息模型（Building Information Modeling,orBIM）是以三维数字技术为基础,集成了建筑工程项目各种相关信息的工程数据模型。BIM是对工程项目设施实体与功能特性的数字化表达（NIST 2006）。作为建筑信息技术新的发展方向，几年来...建筑信息模型（Building Information Modeling,orBIM）是以三维数字技术为基础,集成了建筑工程项目各种相关信息的工程数据模型。BIM是对工程项目设施实体与功能特性的数字化表达（NIST 2006）。作为建筑信息技术新的发展方向，几年来，BIM从一个理想概念成长为今日的应用工具，给整个建筑行业带来了多方面的机遇与挑战。设计师通过运用新式工具，改变了以往方案设计的思维方式；承建方由于得到新型的图纸信息，改变了传统的操作流程；管理者则因使用统筹信息的新技术，展开更多
By using the method of least square linear fitting to analyze data do not exist errors under certain conditions, in order to make the linear data fitting method that can more accurately solve the relationship expressi...By using the method of least square linear fitting to analyze data do not exist errors under certain conditions, in order to make the linear data fitting method that can more accurately solve the relationship expression between the volume and quantity in scientific experiments and engineering practice, this article analyzed data error by commonly linear data fitting method, and proposed improved process of the least distance squ^re method based on least squares method. Finally, the paper discussed the advantages and disadvantages through the example analysis of two kinds of linear data fitting method, and given reasonable control conditions for its application.展开更多
BIM（Building Information Modeling）称为建筑信息模型，它以三维数字技术为基础，集成了建筑工程项目等各相关信息的工程数据模型，是数字技术在建筑工程中的直接应用。近几年，BIM技术在建筑设计、施工、项目管理领域得到广泛应用...BIM（Building Information Modeling）称为建筑信息模型，它以三维数字技术为基础，集成了建筑工程项目等各相关信息的工程数据模型，是数字技术在建筑工程中的直接应用。近几年，BIM技术在建筑设计、施工、项目管理领域得到广泛应用，解决了许多实际问题。展开更多
文摘一、BIM简介建筑信息模型(Building Information Modeling,简称BIM)是以三维数字技术为基础,集成了建筑设计、建造、运维全过程各种相关信息的工程数据模型。BIM也是一种应用于设计、建造、管理的数字化方法,BIM技术正在推动着建筑工程设计、建造、运维管理等多方面的变革。
文摘Model reconstruction from points scanned on existing physical objects is much important in a variety of situations such as reverse engineering for mechanical products, computer vision and recovery of biological shapes from two dimensional contours. With the development of measuring equipment, cloud points that contain more details of the object can be obtained conveniently. On the other hand, large quantity of sampled points brings difficulties to model reconstruction method. This paper first presents an algorithm to automatically reduce the number of cloud points under given tolerance. Triangle mesh surface from the simplified data set is reconstructed by the marching cubes algorithm. For various reasons, reconstructed mesh usually contains unwanted holes. An approach to create new triangles is proposed with optimized shape for covering the unexpected holes in triangle meshes. After hole filling, watertight triangle mesh can be directly output in STL format, which is widely used in rapid prototype manufacturing. Practical examples are included to demonstrate the method.
基金funded by the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health through research contract 200-2011-39965(Principal Investigator Dr.Kallu)University of Nevada,Reno,NV
文摘Estimating weak rock mass modulus has historically proven difficult although this mechanical property is an important input to many types of geotechnical analyses. An empirical database of weak rock mass modulus with associated detailed geotechnical parameters was assembled from plate loading tests per- formed at underground mines in Nevada, the Bakhtiary Dam project, and Portugues Dam project. The database was used to assess the accuracy of published single-variate models and to develop a multivari- ate model for predicting in-situ weak rock mass modulus when limited geoteehnical data are available. Only two of the published models were adequate for predicting modulus of weak rock masses over lim- ited ranges of alteration intensities, and none of the models provided good estimates of modulus over a range of geotechnical properties. In light of this shortcoming, a multivariate model was developed from the weak rock mass modulus dataset, and the new model is exponential in form and has the following independent variables： （1） average block size or joint spacing, （2） field estimated rock strength, （3） dis- continuity roughness, and （4） discontinuity infilling hardness. The multivariate model provided better estimates of modulus for both hard-blocky rock masses and intensely-altered rock masses.
文摘The generation Y is a growing group of young people among the general workforce, having different behaviors and motivators at work. To study effective motivating factors for this group of employees can even show some interesting factors of Y-generation employees＇ value, such as high value of manager flexibility and sharing similar values with the companies they work for. The primary aim of this study is to understand the relationship of Y-generation employee＇s work motivation between operational behaviors and work and organization interests. There are several companies with a number of young employees at Northern Region Industrial Estate Lamphun, Thailand. These companies obviously need to focus on the requirements of Y-generation employees. The study population consisted of Y-generation employees of Northern Region Industrial Estate, Lamphun in which 410 are selected by simple random sampling for the research. The questionnaires were analyzed using LISREL. Two types of data analysis have been performed which are descriptive and Structure Equation Model （SEM）. The research findings indicate that having behavior in the right direction should focus on motivation factors. Motivation to get work and organization interests should focus on hygiene factors. There is a correlation between the operational level of generation Y employees work motivation and their operational behaviors and work and organization interests. The relationship between them clearly is defined in fact finding for determining the human resource management policies.
文摘More than two decades ago, object-oriented representation of AEC （architecture engineering and construction） projects started to offer the promise of seamless communication of semantic data models between computer-based systems used from the design stage to the operation of the facilities. BIM （building information modelling） emerged and appeared as a means to store all relevant data generated during the life-cycle of the facilities. But this upstream view of the built environment, arising from the design and construction stages, extended to the downstream operations where building and industrial facilities appeared more and more as huge dynamic data producers and concentrators while being operated. This created new challenges leading to what is referred to as ISCs （intelligent and smart constructions）. The current state of the art is that final constructions still contain various and increasingly versatile control and service systems, which are hardly standardised, and not interconnected among themselves. Monitoring, maintenance and services are done by specialised companies, each responsible of different systems, which are relying on customised software and techniques to meet specific user needs and are based on monolithic applications that require manual configuration for specific uses, maintenance and support. We demonstrate in this paper that the early promises of integration across the actors and along the life-time of facilities have gone a long way but will only be delivered through enhanced standardisation of computerized models, representations, services and operations still not yet fully accomplished 25 years after work started.
文摘建筑信息模型（Building Information Modeling,orBIM）是以三维数字技术为基础,集成了建筑工程项目各种相关信息的工程数据模型。BIM是对工程项目设施实体与功能特性的数字化表达（NIST 2006）。作为建筑信息技术新的发展方向，几年来，BIM从一个理想概念成长为今日的应用工具，给整个建筑行业带来了多方面的机遇与挑战。设计师通过运用新式工具，改变了以往方案设计的思维方式；承建方由于得到新型的图纸信息，改变了传统的操作流程；管理者则因使用统筹信息的新技术，
文摘By using the method of least square linear fitting to analyze data do not exist errors under certain conditions, in order to make the linear data fitting method that can more accurately solve the relationship expression between the volume and quantity in scientific experiments and engineering practice, this article analyzed data error by commonly linear data fitting method, and proposed improved process of the least distance squ^re method based on least squares method. Finally, the paper discussed the advantages and disadvantages through the example analysis of two kinds of linear data fitting method, and given reasonable control conditions for its application.
