湿陷性黄土对工程施工的影响与应对措施

湿陷性黄土,广泛分布于我国西北、华北,其工程特性对施工有显著影响。这种土壤天然湿度下强度高、压缩性小,但遇水结构易破坏,会产生显著湿陷,即附加下沉,严重威胁地基稳定性,可能导致构筑物沉降、开裂甚至破坏。随着基础设施建设推进,湿陷性黄土地区工程项目增多。因此,研究其工程特性,分析施工影响,制定应对措施至关重要。本文分析了湿陷性黄土特性及湿陷原因,还分析了黄土地基的湿陷性对工程建设的影响,并提出了工程施工中湿陷性黄土的处理措施,希望为工程施工提供科学指导。

Stabilization of sand dunes with oil residue: Application to civil engineering construction and environmental implications

The present work ascertains the feasibility of oil residue treatment for stabilizing wind-blown sand dunes. Various combinations of natural collapsible saline from the Jandaq desert of Iran and oil residue from distillation towers of Iranian refineries were tested in laboratory experiments. Stabilized sands were evaluated in terms of geotechnical properties, permeability, and oil retention characteristics(i.e. bonding mechanisms, leaching and migrating behaviour of oil residue from the stabilized sands). Since the presence of oil residue in soils can pose an environmental threat, the optimum retention capacity of the stabilized sands is of critical concern. Relative to sand that was not augmented with oil residue, specimens made of 7% oil residues had the highest compressive strength, significantly higher cohesion and load bearing capacity, and considerably lower permeability. The effect of distilled water, saline water and municipal sewage on prepared specimens were also evaluated.