国内外水平井采油工艺参数模型发展应用现状

近年来,各油田水平井采油井数呈递增趋势。水平井采油在产能预测、井筒流体压力分布规律、油管柱设计等方面均与垂直井不同,有其自身的特点,因此,对水平井流入动态进行分析,建立适当模型,优化采油工艺参数,对水平井的生产管理具有重要意义。文章介绍了水平井参数模型的发展历史、现状和趋势。

基于RBF网络的MIG焊焊接工艺参数选择模型

针对MIG焊的特点,研究了焊接规范参数的结构特征,提出了基于RBF网络的MIG焊焊接工艺参数选择模型;对神经网络模型结构进行了优化,收集了实际生产数据,依此精选样本数据对神经网络进行了训练,并进行了网络测试、试验研究。测试结果表明,应用模型输出焊接工艺参数,并依据焊机实际进行一定的规范化处理,确定实际需要的焊接工艺参数,能满足实际生产需要,确保焊接质量。

数值仿真驱动的连续螺旋叶片锥辊异面轧制工艺参数建模与优化

针对锥辊异面轧制连续螺旋叶片工艺参数调整难题,用螺旋叶片锥辊异面轧制有限元仿真代替实际轧制调试。基于有限元分析过程对喂料高度H、相对平动量S2、轧辊压力参量TT和轧制速度V等工艺参数进行中心复合实验设计,利用响应面法建立工艺参数与螺径D、螺距T等之间的工艺参数模型,并进行工艺参数的交互式影响分析。以|D-D0|min、|T-T0|min和Rmin=|(D-D0)^2+(T-T0)^2|min为多目标,对轧制目标D0,T0进行优化,得到一组最佳工艺参数组合。研究为锥辊异面轧制工艺参数快速调整提供一种新方法,为锥辊异面轧制成形这一工艺广泛应用到实践奠定了基础。

棒线材连轧过程数学模型

在筱开发出的孔型轧制中金属变形特性、力学性能等模型基础上，通过补充孔型尺寸计算、咬入条件验算等模型，构造出棒线材连轧过程工艺参数计算系统模型。该模型具有数学上的连续性，可描述连轧过程中各道次轧制参数的变化规律及其相互关系，并可用于建立轧制工艺优化系统。

PP/改性纳米CaCO_3/AC复合挤出发泡体系泡孔形态预测模型的研究

以AC发泡剂对聚丙烯(PP)/改性纳米CaCO3发泡体系进行挤出发泡,对发泡体系进行单因素轮换法实验,通过观察纵截面泡孔形态,分析各工艺参数对泡孔形态的影响规律,利用正交实验与实验统计软件相结合的方法对实验数据进行回归,得到泡体平均直径、泡孔面积比的预测模型,并进行了实验验证。通过模型预测最佳的加工参数范围,可对实验和实际生产进行指导。

基于改进遗传算法的选煤生产配煤优化

选煤厂产品质量控制是其可持续发展的重要手段。为提高选煤工艺的技术水平,增强选煤厂产品竞争力,提高经济效益和减少资源浪费,以山西华泰洗煤厂为例,对传统的配煤方式进行优化设计,并基于退火算法和遗传算法建立了新型工艺参数优化模型。结果表明,基于改进遗传算法的选煤生产配煤优化显著提高了选煤效率,调整模型参数有助于对不同选煤厂的不同煤源煤质特征的原煤进行洗选。

油净化设备系统模糊可重构设计方法

油净化设备的设计多具有复杂性和重用性,将模糊可重构设计方法应用到油净化设备系统的设计当中,提出油净化设备系统模糊可重构设计方法。文章分析了油净化设备系统的各项设计指标和影响参数,建立了用于油净化设备系统设计的工艺参数模型和几何结构模型;并结合模糊数学原理,给出了针对油净化设备系统设计的工艺参数隶属函数、几何结构参数隶属度函数以及系统模糊配置的方法。以某型的油净化设备系统的模糊可重构设计为例,说明油净化设备模糊可重构设计方法可行。

聚能装药金属射流形成技术研究

研究工艺、结构参数对聚能装药作用效果的影响。通过分析射流形成机理 ,建立一种全新的用于计算轴对称结构聚能装药作用效果的数学模型。给出了射流破坏的两种主要机理和射流破坏准则。根据此模型可以确定非理想结构状态下的工艺参数对聚能装药作用效果的影响。

基于模糊分类变系数的铅锌烧结过程综合透气性状态预测

针对铅锌烧结过程的强非线性、时变等特点,运用智能集成建模的思想,提出一种模糊分类变系数透气性状态预测方法。首先深入机理分析和工况参数相关性分析研究,采用神经网络方法建立工艺参数和时间序列透气性预测模型;然后借助于模糊组合器实现两个子模型的有机组合,设计了模糊分类变系数综合透气性集成预测模型结构,其中加权系数由工况波动程度确定。运行结果表明:提出的集成模型具有较高的预测精度和较强的自学习能力,并且在工况波动严重的情况下,仍然具有好的预测效果,该模型具有一定的灵敏度和鲁棒性。

Variable-based Ramberg-Osgood constitutive model of power spinning bushing

The influences of power spinning process parameters on the mechanical properties of spinning parts were analyzed with an SXD100/3-CNC numerical control power spinning machine.The unidirectional tensile tests were carried out.Based on the experimental data,a ternary quadratic regression equation was established by orthogonal experiment.The Ramberg-Osgood constitutive model of tin-bronze connecting rod bushing was obtained.Referred to the constitutive relation of macroscopic incremental,the incremental elastoplastic constitutive relation of spinning parts was deduced based on the Mises yield criterion and kinematic hardening model.The results can be applied to the elastoplastic analysis in finite element numerical simulation.

基于烟气温度场分布的烧穿点智能集成预测方法

铅锌密闭鼓风烧结过程具有强非线性、时变和时滞等特性.本文在分析过程热状态的基础上,通过研究烧结机烟气温度梯度分布,建立烟气温度分布烧穿点软测量判断模型,结合烧穿点的动态特性,运用智能集成建模的思想,提出采用神经网络方法建立工艺参数预测模型,采用灰色理论建立烟气温度分布时间序列预测模型,通过模糊组合器综合与协调两个模型来预测烧穿点位置.实际运行结果表明,智能集成预测方法为铅锌烧结过程烧穿点的判断和预测提供了一种可行、有效的解决思路,为实现过程的状态优化奠定了基础.

基于三维的定量化CAPP及其关键技术研究

根据人机一体化智能系统理论,研制出一个实用的基于三维的定量化CAPP系统。提出一种基于3D的参数化工艺模型,在该模型的基础上,系统通过工艺变形设计能迅速地设计零件的加工工艺。系统使用基于基因组的多层次并行遗传算法对工艺进行优化。

武钢防城港钢铁基地冷轧项目镀锌机组试车成功

11月20日，经过武钢防城港钢铁项目建设者历时15个月的努力，2030冷轧项目1号镀锌机组一次通板试车取得圆满成功。武钢防城港钢铁项目2030冷轧镀锌机组采用了目前世界上最先进的“美钢联法”热镀锌生产工艺，主体设备从法、美、奥、德、韩等国引进，整个产线采用高氢快冷技术、退火温度及炉鼻子露点关键工艺参数模型智能控制、锌层自动测厚调整技术，具备产品强度高、锌层控制精确、产品质量稳定、闭环控制等优势。

Technological Parameters for Preparation and Granulation of Ammonium Ion-Exchange Material

As a raw material,kaolin was modified to prepare a high-performance ammonium ion-exchange material.According to cation-exchange capacity (CEC) measurement,the prepared ammonium ion-exchange material has an ammonium ion-exchange capacity greater than 75mg/g and can be used to remove ammonia nitrogen in water treatment.A pharmaceutical extruder-rounder was used to study the effects of granulation process.Polyethylene glycol6000 (PEG-6000) was used as the pore-forming agent and calcining temperature of 650℃ was used as the optimal condition.NMR data indicate that 27 Al is mainly converted from hexa-coordinated Al to tetra-coordinated Al during the modification.Compared with 29 Si in the original kaolin,29 Si in the modified kaolin does not have an obvious change.A comparison of the data with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models shows a good correlation.The Freundlich model describes the process more accurately,and the adsorption process of ammonia nitrogen in water with the ammonium ion-exchange material closely matches the pseudo-second-order reaction.

Effects of process parameters on microstructure and wear resistance of TiN coatings deposited on TC11 titanium alloy by electrospark deposition

In the present study,the effects of process parameters(output voltage x,nitrogen flux l and specific strengthening time s)on the microstructure and wear resistance properties of TiN coatings prepared by electrospark deposition(ESD)were investigatedsystematically.The microstructure of the coatings was characterized for thickness(TOC),content of TiN(CON)and porosity(POC).A statistical model was developed to identify the significant factors affecting the microstructure and wear resistance of the coatings.The results show that the output voltage x and nitrogen flux l present significant effects on majority of the evaluation indexes such asTOC,friction coefficient(COF)and wear mass loss(Id),while the specific strengthening time s has a significant effect on POC and asmall effect on the other indexes.The optimal process parameters were obtained as follows:output voltage(x,60V),nitrogen flux(l,15L/min)and specific strengthening time(s,3min/cm2).The variation of wear mass loss(Id)by the variation of the outputvoltage(x)and nitrogen flux(l)is attributed to the change of wear mechanisms of TiN coatings.The main wear mechanism of TiNcoating prepared under optimal process parameters is micro-cutting wear accompanied by micro-fracture wear.

Prediction and optimization of process parameter of friction stir welded AA5083-H111 aluminum alloy using response surface methodology

A systematic approach was presented to develop the empirical model for predicting the ultimate tensile strength of AA5083-H111 aluminum alloy which is widely used in ship building industry by incorporating friction stir welding(FSW) process parameters such as tool rotational speed,welding speed,and axial force.FSW was carried out considering three-factor five-level central composite rotatable design with full replications technique.Response surface methodology(RSM) was applied to developing linear regression model for establishing the relationship between the FSW process parameters and ultimate tensile strength.Analysis of variance(ANOVA) technique was used to check the adequacy of the developed model.The FSW process parameters were also optimized using response surface methodology(RSM) to maximize the ultimate tensile strength.The joint welded at a tool rotational speed of 1 000 r/min,a welding speed of 69 mm/min and an axial force of 1.33 t exhibits higher tensile strength compared with other joints.

Constitutive model and numerical simulation for injection molding of MgTiO_(3) ceramic parts

In order to predict the powder flow law of the injection molding process of MgTiO3 ceramic parts with complex structures,a constitutive model and numerical simulation method for MgTiO3 ceramic injection molding were established based on the Hunt method.The material parameters of MgTiO3 such as elastic modulus,Poisson ratio,glass transition temperature,thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity were measured.Based on the fitting curve and the material parameters measured,the cross-WLF viscosity model and P-V-T model required for MgTiO3 ceramic injection molding were optimized.Furthermore,the influence of process parameters on mold filling flow and distribution of parts defects was researched.It was found that the gate position,injection speed and melt temperature have greater influence on mold filling flow and the packing process has an obvious effect on parts’defects.On this basis,the MgTiO3 ceramic parts injection molding experiment verification was carried out.By comparing the experimental results with the simulated results,it is found that the deformation error is within 1.5%and the density error is within 1%.Therefore,this research provided theoretical guidance for the engineering application of MgTiO3 ceramic parts fabricated by injection molding.

Optimization on springback reduction in cold stretch forming of titanium-alloy aircraft skin

An optimization method was presented for cold stretch forming of titanium-alloy aircraft skin to determine process parameters and to reduce springback.In the optimization model,a mathematical formulation of stress difference was developed as an indicator of the degree of springback instead of implicit springback analysis.Explicit finite element method(FEM)was used to analyze the forming process and to provide the stress distribution for calculating the amount of the stress indicator.In addition,multi-island genetic algorithm(MGA)was employed to seek the optimal loading condition.A case study was performed to demonstrate the potential of the suggested method.The results show that the optimization design of process parameters effectively reduces the amount of springback and improves the part shape accuracy.It provides a guideline for controlling springback in stretch forming of aircraft skin.

Development of Fuzzy Logic System to Predict the SAW Weldment Shape Profiles

A fuzzy model was presented to predict the weldment shape profile of submerged arc welds （SAW） including the shape of heat affected zone （HAZ）. The SAW bead-on-plates were welded by following a full factorial design matrix. The design matrix consisted of three levels of input welding process parameters. The welds were cross-sectioned and etched, and the zones were measured. A mapping technique was used to measure the various segments of the weld zones. These mapped zones were used to build a fuzzy logic model. The membership functions of the fuzzy model were chosen for the accurate prediction of the weld zone. The fuzzy model was further tested for a set of test case data. The weld zone predicted by the fuzzy logic model was compared with the experimentally obtained shape profiles and close agreement between the two was noted. The mapping technique developed for the weld zones and the fuzzy logiemodel earl be used for on-line control of the SAW process. From the SAW fuzzy logic model an estimation of the fusion and HAZ can also be developed.

Correlation Between Process Parameter and Primary Dendrite Arm Spacing in Laser Welding of Cu and Al

A combined numerical model of thermal field and the primary dendrite arm spacing （PDAS） was proposed to correlate the process parameters and PDAS in laser welding of Cu and A1. The solidification parameters simulated by the finite volume method with commercial software ANASYS FLUENT were applied in the PDAS model to predict the dendrite arm spacing of fusion zone. Dendrite was also examined by the metallographic method to validate the model. Results indicate that the calculated PDAS agrees with metallographic measurements reasonably, especially the Hunt model. PDAS increases apparently with increasing laser power while decreases slightly with increasing welding speed. Increasing laser power increases the secondary dendrite and increasing welding speed increases the microporosity in dendrite.