A pin-on-disk tribometer was used, in a comparative test to observe the tribological behavior of the swine femoral bone against UHMWPE with dry friction, physiological water and human plasma lubrication. The wear mech...A pin-on-disk tribometer was used, in a comparative test to observe the tribological behavior of the swine femoral bone against UHMWPE with dry friction, physiological water and human plasma lubrication. The wear mechanisms of swine bones and UHMWPE were investigated by SEM. The experimental results of these wear tests demon- strated that both the friction coefficient and wear rate of UHMWPE were the lowest when human plasma lubrication was used. The wear mechanism of the compact bone was mainly fatigue wear with dry friction, corrosive wear under physiological water lubrication and abrasive wear with human plasma lubrication. For UHMWPE, the wear mecha- nism was adhesive wear and plastic deformation with dry friction, serious ploughing and fatigue fracture wear under physiological water lubrication, fine ploughing and plastic deformation with human plasma lubrication. An analysis of nitrogen elements on the wear surface of UHMWPE indicated that the content of nitrogen in worn areas was 16 times higher than that in unworn areas, which proved that serum protein deposition occurred on worn areas.展开更多
This article mainly focuses on the concept of green design and modem horticultural product packaging design including elements which used in packaging and technology and craft of packaging.
In view of the hidden perils concerning building safety in the design, material selection, and construction during current building fitment, the authors have analyzed the influence of main-body safety, fitment compone...In view of the hidden perils concerning building safety in the design, material selection, and construction during current building fitment, the authors have analyzed the influence of main-body safety, fitment components safety, the connection between fitment component and main body, and structural safety upon building safety during building fitment. Environmental safety relating to fitment construction, and choice and use of fitment materials should be taken into consideration during building fitment. The authors have proposed a series of measures to solve the impact of building fitment upon building safety.展开更多
Crystal packing has strong influence on the charge mobility for organic semiconductors, so the elucidation of the structure-property relationship is important for the design of high-performance organic semiconductors....Crystal packing has strong influence on the charge mobility for organic semiconductors, so the elucidation of the structure-property relationship is important for the design of high-performance organic semiconductors. Halogen substitution has been shown to be a promising strategy to alter the crystal structure without significantly changing the molecular size in previous reports. This paper studies the influence of halogenation on charge transport in single crystals of chrysene derivatives from a theoretical standpoint. The structure-property relationship is first rationalized by investigating the reorganization energy and electronic coupling from the density functional theory calculations. Based on the Marcus charge transfer theory, the mobilities in the molecular monolayer are then calculated with the random walk simulation technique from which the angular resolution anisotropic mobilities are obtained on the fly. It is shown that the mobilities become much larger for holes than those for electrons in the molecular monolayer when the halogenation occurs. Furthermore, the intra-layer charge transport is little influenced by the inter-layer pathways in the single crystals of the halogenated chrysene derivatives, while the opposite case is shown for the crystal of the nonhalogenated chrysene derivative. The reason for the variations of charge transport is discussed theoretically.展开更多
基金Projects BK2005019 supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China and 2005B032the Scientific Research Foundation ofChina University of Mining & Technology
文摘A pin-on-disk tribometer was used, in a comparative test to observe the tribological behavior of the swine femoral bone against UHMWPE with dry friction, physiological water and human plasma lubrication. The wear mechanisms of swine bones and UHMWPE were investigated by SEM. The experimental results of these wear tests demon- strated that both the friction coefficient and wear rate of UHMWPE were the lowest when human plasma lubrication was used. The wear mechanism of the compact bone was mainly fatigue wear with dry friction, corrosive wear under physiological water lubrication and abrasive wear with human plasma lubrication. For UHMWPE, the wear mecha- nism was adhesive wear and plastic deformation with dry friction, serious ploughing and fatigue fracture wear under physiological water lubrication, fine ploughing and plastic deformation with human plasma lubrication. An analysis of nitrogen elements on the wear surface of UHMWPE indicated that the content of nitrogen in worn areas was 16 times higher than that in unworn areas, which proved that serum protein deposition occurred on worn areas.
文摘This article mainly focuses on the concept of green design and modem horticultural product packaging design including elements which used in packaging and technology and craft of packaging.
文摘In view of the hidden perils concerning building safety in the design, material selection, and construction during current building fitment, the authors have analyzed the influence of main-body safety, fitment components safety, the connection between fitment component and main body, and structural safety upon building safety during building fitment. Environmental safety relating to fitment construction, and choice and use of fitment materials should be taken into consideration during building fitment. The authors have proposed a series of measures to solve the impact of building fitment upon building safety.
基金financially supported by the Major State Basic Research Development Programs of China (2011CBA00701)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21003030 and 20973049)+1 种基金the Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (HC201117)and the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (20110490102)
文摘Crystal packing has strong influence on the charge mobility for organic semiconductors, so the elucidation of the structure-property relationship is important for the design of high-performance organic semiconductors. Halogen substitution has been shown to be a promising strategy to alter the crystal structure without significantly changing the molecular size in previous reports. This paper studies the influence of halogenation on charge transport in single crystals of chrysene derivatives from a theoretical standpoint. The structure-property relationship is first rationalized by investigating the reorganization energy and electronic coupling from the density functional theory calculations. Based on the Marcus charge transfer theory, the mobilities in the molecular monolayer are then calculated with the random walk simulation technique from which the angular resolution anisotropic mobilities are obtained on the fly. It is shown that the mobilities become much larger for holes than those for electrons in the molecular monolayer when the halogenation occurs. Furthermore, the intra-layer charge transport is little influenced by the inter-layer pathways in the single crystals of the halogenated chrysene derivatives, while the opposite case is shown for the crystal of the nonhalogenated chrysene derivative. The reason for the variations of charge transport is discussed theoretically.
