自动药品核对机应用问题分析与探讨

目的通过对比自动药品核对机与传统人工核对药品的差异,探讨全自动药品核对机给药房工作带来的变革。方法结合医院药房工作情况,比较使用MDM自动药品核对机和人工核对药品的速度、药品外差率、工作模式的差异,并针对使用中出现的问题进行改进。结果使用MDM自动药品核对机核对比人工核对外差率由0. 3‰减少到0. 12‰,医嘱核对时间效率提升73. 3%,经过改进措施核对机误报警率减少。结论通过MDM全自动药品核对机的使用,可以使药品核对管理、工作效率、药学服务都得到有效提升。

Spatio-temporal variation of land surface temperature and temperature lapse rate over mountainous Kashmir Himalaya

In this study, Land Surface Temperature(LST) and its lapse rate over the mountainous Kashmir Himalaya was estimated using MODIS data and correlated with the observed in-situ air temperature(Tair) data. Comparison between the MODIS LST and Tair showed a close agreement with the maximum error of the estimate ±1°C and the correlation coefficient >0.90. Analysis of the LST data from 2002-2012 showed an increasing trend at all the selected locations except at a site located in the southeastern part of Kashmir valley. Using the GTOPO30 DEM, MODIS LST data was used to estimate the actual temperature lapse rate(ATLR) along various transects across Kashmir Himalaya, which showed significant variations in space and time ranging from 0.3°C to 1.2°C per 100 m altitude change. This observation is at variance with the standard temperature lapse rate(STLR) of 0.65°C used universally in most of the hydrological and other land surface models. Snowmelt Runoff Model(SRM) was used to determine the efficacy of using the ATLR for simulating the stream flows in one of the glaciated and snow-covered watersheds in Kashmir. The use of ATLR in the SRM model improved the R2 between the observed and predicted streamflows from 0.92 to 0.97.It is hoped that the operational use of satellite-derived LST and ATLR shall improve the understanding and quantification of various processes related to climate, hydrology and ecosystem in the mountainous and data-scarce Himalaya where the use of temperature and ATLR are critical parameters for understanding various land surface and climate processes.

Moderate deviations and hypothesis testing for signal detection problem

Abstract We use moderate deviations to study the signal detection problem for a diffusion model. We establish a moderate deviation principle for the log-likelihood function of the diffusion model. Then applying the moderate deviation estimates to hypothesis testing for signal detection problem we give a decision region such that its error probability of the second kind tends to zero with faster speed than the error probability of the first kind when the error probability of the first kind is approximated by e-ατ（T）, where α〉 0, τ（T） = o（T） and τ（T）→∞ as the observation time T goes to infinity.

A millimeter-wave WDM-ROF system based on supercon- tinuum technique

In this paper, a new millimeter-wave （mm-wave） wavelength division multiplexing （WDM） system based on radio-over- fiber （ROF） technology is proposed. In this approach a multi-wavelength light source is obtained by supercontinuum （SC） technique, and mm-wave signals are obtained by using optical heterodyning method. We experimentally demonstrate the generation of optical carriers for 6-WDM channels, obtain 40 GHz ram-wave signals by employing optical heterodyne technique, and successfully achieve low error rate transmission of 2.5 Gbit/s in WDM channels over a distance of 25 km in a G.652 fiber. The experimental results verify that the proposed solution is feasible and cost effective.

高危药品分级警示标识用于医院药房管理效果评价

对医院药房管理中的高危药品分级警示标识管理效果进行分析和评价。方法 将本院药物管理工作中,医院药房管理中的高危药物和相关工作人员作为研究对象,将2018年1月到2020年1月的医院药房药物常规管理效果作为对照数据,而2020年2月到2022年2月医院药房管理的高危药品分级警示标识管理效果作为观察数据,观察管理的药物配置情况、满意度和工作人员的考核情况。结果 高危药品分级警示标识用于医院药房管理,提升工作人员能力,增强患者满意度(98.00%)。结论 对于药房的高危药品管理措施而言,选择更好的管理措施,能够提升高危药品的管理有效率,促进医院药房发展。合理的利用高危药品分级警示标识,能够让管理人员更好的选择药物,减少配错差率。