用差示红外光谱法测定旧汽油机油中氧化值和硝化值

根据差示红外光谱法原理 ,测定并记录在用油和新油在 185 0～ 15 5 0cm- 1的红外光谱图 ,运用计算机进行差谱分析处理 ,在差谱图中读取 185 0cm- 1和 172 0cm- 1及 16 30cm- 1处的吸收值 ,再根据基线法分别求出旧油中的氧化值和硝化值。试验结果表明 ,使用该分析方法所得的数据准确性高、重复性好。差示红外光谱法测定油品中氧化值。

差示红外光谱技术在木素化学结构研究中的应用

分别对磨木木素（MWL）、二氧六环木素（DL）及二者差示木素的红外光谱进行了对比研究，结果表明，采用差示红外光谱技术可为木素化学结构的研究提供一条简便。

用漫反射差示红外光谱法研究高岭土与赤铁矿的分离机理

用漫反射差示红外光谱法详细研究了高岭土、赤铁矿及油酸钠三元体系的相互作用。实验证明 ,油酸钠化学活性高 ,具有选择性 ,仅与高岭土中的赤铁矿发生吸附作用 ,从而能将高岭土与赤铁矿有效分离。

热重-差示扫描量热-傅里叶变换红外光谱联用技术检测水泥生料基固硫剂的气体释放特征

采用热重-差示扫描量热-傅里叶变换红外光谱联用技术进行在线检测,对水泥生料基固硫剂煅烧过程的气体释放特性进行研究。在热重-差示扫描量热综合热分析仪上模拟煅烧过程,通过傅里叶变换红外光谱法鉴别气体产物成分。结果显示:水泥生料基固硫剂中在35~1 450℃煅烧过程中主要释放二氧化碳、水、二氧化硫气体,共发生四步反应。第一步反应为吸附水解吸附和石膏脱结晶水,水积分流量峰值为121.56,154.72℃,总失重为3.19%;第二步反应为矿物相中结晶水的脱除,失重为0.29%,水积分流量峰值为423.83℃;第三步反应为碳酸钙分解,失重为24.40%,二氧化碳气体积分流量出现最大值为818.87℃,在819.54℃水积分流量峰出现最小值;第四步反应为硫酸钙分解,共失重1.83%,二氧化硫气体积分流量在1 415.69℃出现释放最大值。

红外光谱-差示扫描量热法对聚烯烃共聚物中α-烯烃种类与含量的鉴别

利用傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)研究了与不同α-烯烃共聚合的多种聚乙烯,并对共聚物的结构和类型进行了定性分析。由1 378、1 369 cm-1处的峰位置和峰强度判断聚烯烃的种类,由770、899、784 cm-1处的峰判断α-烯烃的种类。利用差示扫描量热(DSC)热分级方法确定熔融峰的位置,并对共聚物中α-烯烃的含量进行了定量计算。

差示ATR光谱法定量分析聚合物膜表层

本文利用差示ATR光谱法对聚合物膜表层的化学成分作定量分析。在相同条件下测定表混合组分及其各纯组分的ATR谱图。选择特证吸收带,利用计算机差谱技术,将混合光谱分离,得到被测组分差谱图。粮据图中特征带的吸光度比值,求出该组分的百分含量。此分析方法的特点是无需进行化学分离,能快速地分离混合物光谱,因而能直接方便地对聚合物膜表层化学成分作定量分析。

环氧化苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物的热性能

采用差示傅里叶变换红外光谱分析了环氧化苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(ESBS)的热氧老化和热老化行为,通过热重分析和动态力学分析研究了ESBS的热性能。结果表明,ESBS在热氧老化及热老化过程中,其CC的稳定性均优于环氧基,老化产物为醛、酮、醚、羧酸等;相对于热老化而言,热氧老化对ESBS分子结构的破坏程度更大;与苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯(SBS)相比,ESBS的耐热性稍有下降;ESBS具有-63.5,-33.4,103.8℃3个玻璃化转变温度,分别对应于聚丁二烯链段、环氧化聚丁二烯链段和聚苯乙烯链段。

Effect of a Novel Nucleating Agent on Isothermal Crystallization of Poly（L-lactic acid）

The effect of a novel active nucleating agent(TBC8-eb) on the isothermal crystallization of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) was studied by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) . The analysis on kinetics demonstrates that TBC8-eb can not only accelerate the crystallization rate but also transform most of the original spherulite crystals of PLLA into sheaf-like crystals. Furthermore,the free energy of folding(σe) of PLLA and PLLA with TBC8-eb is 0.15 and 0.06 J·m-2,respectively,which suggests that the addition of TBC8-eb favors the regular folding of molecule chains in the crystallization of PLLA,improv-ing its crystallization rate. The FTIR results show that TBC8-eb can accelerate the conformational ordering of PLLA in the isothermal crystallization. The conformational ordering of PLLA nucleated with TBC8-eb begins with the interchain interaction of CH3,and then a short helix emerges where a couple of CH3 groups interact.

Investigation on specific heat capacity and thermal behavior of sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate

The thermal decomposition process was studied by the TG–DTA analyzer. The results show that the decomposition process of sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate consisted of three stages: the mass loss for the first, the second and third stages may be about the groups of CH_3CH_2OH, CH_3CHO and SO_2 volatilized, respectively. The decomposition residuum of three stages was analyzed by FT-IR, and the results of FT-IR agreed with the decomposition process predicted by theoretical weight loss. The specific heat capacity of sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate was determined by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC). The melting temperature and melting enthalpy were obtained to be 465.41 K and 25.69 kJ·mol^(-1), respectively. The molar specific heat capacity of sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate was determinated from 310.15 K to 365.15 K and expressed as a function of temperature.

Preparation and Characterization of Magnetic Resin Made from Chitosan and Cerium

In this study, the water-based ferromagnetic fluid and magnetic resin made from chitosan and cerium complex （MRCCC） were successfully prepared by using the chemical co-precipitation technique and by the reversed-phase suspension cross-linking polymerization. MRCCC presented uniform and narrow panicle size distribution as determined by the Laser Panicles Sizer. The Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry （ICP-AES）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR）, differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） and X-ray powder diffraction （XRD） study demonstrated that there were iron and cerium existing in MRCCC. The movement of MRCCC under magnetic field proved its magnetic property. The swelling kinetics in water or solutions with different pH indicated that MRCCC could be applied in solutions with pH greater than 1.0. The ferromagnetic fluid particles were stable in MRCCC soaked in solutions with pH 〉2.0. In view of these results, MRCCC can be used as material for separation, clarification, adsorption, sustained release and hydrolysis activity.

Microstructure and dielectric properties of Ca-Al-B-Si-O glass/Al_2O_3 composites with various alkali oxides contents

The effects of alkali oxides （Na2O and K2O addition on both the sintering behavior and dielectric properties of Ca-AI-B-Si-O glass/Al2O3 composites were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR）, differential scanning calorimeter （DSC）, X-ray diffractometry （XRD） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The results show that the increasing amount of alkali oxides in the glass causes the decrease of [SiO4], which results in the decrease of the continuity of glass network, and leads to the decrease of the softening temperature Tf of the samples and the increasing trend of crystallization. And that deduces corresponding rise of densification, dielectric constant, dielectric loss of the low temperature co-fired ceramic （LTCC） materials and the decrease of its thermal conductivity. By contrast, the borosilicate glass/A1203 composites with 1.5% （mass fraction） alkali oxides sintered at 875 ℃ for 30 rain exhibit better properties of a bulk density of 2.79 g/cm3, a porosity of 0.48%, a 2 value of 2.28 W/（m.K）, a er value of 7.82 and a tand value of 9.1 × 10-4 （measured at 10 MHz）.

Thermal behavior and mass spectrometry analysis of N-methyl-N-nitroso-p-toluenesulfonamide

The effect of temperature on the functional groups transition of N-methyl-N-nitroso-p-toluenesulfonamide （Diazald） and thermal decomposition were investigated by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy （FT-IR） and Differential Scanning Calorimeter （DSC）. The results showed that the functional groups transition of Diazald was temperature dependent, and thermal decomposition of Diazald was accelerated above 47.7℃. The HPLC-ESI-MS method was used for Diazald analysis, which indicated the strong hydrogen bonding between Diazald and water and instability of the NO group.

Physicochemical Characterization and Solubility Enhancement Studies of Mebendazole Solid Dispersions in Solvent Mixtures

Abstract： The objective was to obtain solid dispersion to improve the dissolution rate, solubility and oral absorption of MB （mebendazole）, poor water-soluble drugs. The new formulation was characterized by DSC （differential scanning calorimetry）, PXRD （powder X-ray diffraction）, FT-1R （fourier transform infrared spectroscopy） and STEM （scanning transmission electron microscopy） methods. Solid dispersions of MB with polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 （PVP K30） were prepared by solvent evaporation method. The solubility of MB （original powder） and that of the solid dispersions was measured at 25℃ in ethanol-water. The aqueous solubility of MB was favoured by the presence of the polymer in solvent mixtures. Combination of solid dispersions with co-solvents increased the water solubility of MB in a larger extent that each method separately. Solubility parameter （o） was used to relate to solubility profiles. MB and the solid dispersions show a solubility curve with a single peak at 51 = 30.78 MPav2. Solid state characterizations indicated that the solid dispersion exist an amorphous material entrapped in polymer matrix getting highest improvement in wettability and solubility.

Synthesis and Antibacterial Performance of Quaternary Phosphonium Salts with Reactive Hydroxyl Group

Quaternary phosphonium salts （QPS） with reactive groups used as antibacterial agents are promising which could be covalently linked to inert polymer surfaces by in situ polymerization. In this work, two kinds of quaternary phosphonium salts with hydroxyl groups were synthesized successfully. Characterization of these two quaternary phosphonium salts was performed by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR） and nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR） spectrometry. The thermal stability and antibacterial activity of antibacterial agents were also investigated by using thermo-gravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry （TG-DSC） and agar diffusion method. The test results showed that these two QPS exhibited good thermal stability and excellent antibacterial activity against both bacteria： Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coll.

Chelating agents role on phase formation and surface morphology of single orthorhombic YMn_2O_5 nanorods via modified polyacrylamide gel route

YMn2O5nanorods were synthesized through a modified polyacrylamide gel route.The synthesis strategy in this work is based on a sol-gel process using a polyacrylamide gel method in which oxalic acid,citric acid or tartaric acid is employed as the chelating agent.In the gel routes,oxalic acid was used as a carboxyl chelating agent,while citric acid or tartaric acid was a carboxyl and hydroxyl chelating agent.The as-prepared samples were characterized by means of techniques such as X-ray powder diffraction(XRD)measurement,thermogravimetric analysis(TG),differential scanning calorimetry analysis(DSC),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),thermal expansion measurement and field-emission scanning electron microscopy(SEM)investigations.It was found that oxalic acid is the best chelating agent with Y(NO3)3·6H2O and Mn(CH3COO)2·4H2O as precursors to prepare a single orthorhombic YMn2O5nanorods at 1000°C.Scanning electron microscope observation shows that the morphology of YMn2O5powders is significantly dependent on the chelating agent.The peaks(single orthorhombic YMn2O5nanorods)at 642,600,573,546,521,493,486,468,448 and 400cm?1were observed from FTIR spectra.The phase,surface morphology and chelation mechanisms of YMn2O5samples have been discussed on the basis of the experimental results.