Objective: This study aims to investigate the clinicopathologic significance of lymphatic vessel invasion (LVI) labeled by D2-40 monoclonal antibody in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods: Immunoh...Objective: This study aims to investigate the clinicopathologic significance of lymphatic vessel invasion (LVI) labeled by D2-40 monoclonal antibody in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods: Immunohistochemical assay was used to detect the expression of D2-40 and LVI in 107 ESCC patients. Then, the correlation between the clinicopathologic feature and the overall survival time of the patients was analyzed. Results: The lymph node metastasis rates were 70% and 21% in the LVI-positive and LVI-negative groups, respectively. The nodal metastasis rate was higher in the LVI-positive group than in the LVI-negative group. Multivariate regression analysis showed that LVI was related to nodal metastasis (P〈0.001). The median survival time of the patients was 26 and 43 months in the LVI-positive and LVI-negative groups, respectively. Mthough univariate regression analysis showed significant difference between the two groups (P=0.014), multivariate regression analysis revealed that LVI was not an independent prognostic factor for overall survival in the ESCC patients (P=0.062). Lymphatic node metastasis (P=0.031), clinical stage (P=0.019), and residual tumor (P=0.026) were the independent prognostic factors. Conclusion: LVI labeled by D2-40 monoclonal antibody is a risk factor predictive of lymph node metastasis in ESCC patients.展开更多
From the early days of the moving image and its recordings of facts and events considered to be historical, followed by the consolidation of the classic narrative cinema grammar in the 1910s reaffirmed until today by ...From the early days of the moving image and its recordings of facts and events considered to be historical, followed by the consolidation of the classic narrative cinema grammar in the 1910s reaffirmed until today by a large part of the television production that turns to the past, without disregarding authorial aesthetic experiences produced especially since the 1920s, history has been present for over more than a century in several types of media. Movie theaters, people's homes and, nowadays, thanks to new media technology, any and every place are spaces for projecting historical narratives. They are both entertainment--by deploying strategies for constructing a "truth" about the past--and critical reflection, going against a belief in that possibility, in rendering explicit their nature as a language. Since all of these narratives presuppose an audience, a public, within different genres, styles and formats, with more realist overtones, more to the general public's taste, or anti-naturalist, in experiences for smaller audiences, it seems pertinent to discuss these issues considering that audiovisual narratives are powerful agents in constructing a memory of the past. Particularly in this text, we will examine how the most powerful communication enterprise in Brazil - Global Group - had construct a memory of the Brazilian military dictatorship (1964-1985) until 2016.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To explore the biodistribution and anti-tumoractivity of ^(131)I labeled rituximab injected intratumorally orintraperitoneally in vivo in nude mice bearing Raji human Burkitt's lymphoma xenografts.METHOD...OBJECTIVE To explore the biodistribution and anti-tumoractivity of ^(131)I labeled rituximab injected intratumorally orintraperitoneally in vivo in nude mice bearing Raji human Burkitt's lymphoma xenografts.METHODS The rituximab and the mouse IgG were labeled withNa^(131)I using the IODO-GEN method.BALB/C nude mice werexenografted with ^(131)I-Rituximab or ^(131)I-IgG and killed on the 1st,3rd,7th,and 15th day after injection.The tumor/non-tumor ratio(T/NT)and the dose injected in each gram of the tissue(%ID/g)from12 organs or tissues of interest,e.g.tumor,blood,were calculated.The long and short axes of each tumor were measured by calipersat 2-3-day intervals after treatment,and the growth inhibition ofthe tumor was calculated using the MIRD formula.RESULTS When comparing intraperitoneal injection(IP)andintratumoral injection(IT)of ^(131)I-IgG,intratumoral injection of^(131)I-rituximab produced a significantly higher tumor/non-tumorratio in all tissues and organs of interest on the 1st,3rd,and 7thday,respectively(P<0.05).The %ID/g of tumor was 1.4-1.7-foldand 1.5-3.7-fold in the IP and IgG IT groups,respectively,but the%ID/g of non-tumors was significantly lower in the IP group andIgG IT group.Similarly,the tumor growth was greatly inhibitedby intratumoral injection of the ^(131)I-rituximab,whereas it wasless inhibited by other forms of the treatment(P<0.05).However^(131)I-rituximab injected intratumorally inhibited tumor growth ina dose-dependent manner.The inhibition rate was less with alow dose(75μCi)and greater with a high dose(150μCi),yet thedifference was not significant(P>0.05).CONCLUSION Tumors can absorb the highest amount of theradiolabelled antibodies,and the tumor/non-tumor ratios in thegroup with intratumoral injection of the ^(131)I-rituximab resulted inthe optimal anti-tumor activity.展开更多
Objective To develop an alternative method for assessment of gene delivery systems in vivo.Methods Mouse primary spleen lymphocytes were genetically modified in vitro by a retroviral vector harboring a Gaussia lucifer...Objective To develop an alternative method for assessment of gene delivery systems in vivo.Methods Mouse primary spleen lymphocytes were genetically modified in vitro by a retroviral vector harboring a Gaussia luciferase(Gluc) expression cassette.After implantation of these cells into recipient mice,the expression of Gluc was detected in whole blood or plasma collected.Results As little as 10 μL whole blood drawn from the recipient mice could guarantee prompt reading of Gluc activity with a luminometer.And the reading was found in good correlation with the number of genetically modified spleen lymphocytes implanted to the mice.Conclusions Gluc may be useful as an in vivo reporter for gene therapy researches,and Gluc blood assay could provide an alternative method for assessment of gene delivery systems in vivo.展开更多
Having as a starting point of the problematic energy consumption of buildings, it studied the panorama of energy efficiency, emphasizing the Brazilian program of the INMETRO (Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Normali...Having as a starting point of the problematic energy consumption of buildings, it studied the panorama of energy efficiency, emphasizing the Brazilian program of the INMETRO (Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Normalizacao e Qualidade Industrial), PROCEL “Edifica” (national program for energy efficiency in buildings), contained in the norm RTQ-C (technical requirements of the quality for the level of energetic efficiency of commercial, service, and public buildings). For a better understanding of the regulation, it elected a building, emblematic in the city of Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil, illustrating the perspective of the program. The building was classified in accordance with the two methodologies presented by the program: prescriptive and simulation, so it was possible to investigate the peculiarities of each methodology and the own regulation. After the application of the methodologies, we came to the conclusion that the prescriptive method is less accurate and requires more dedication by the evaluator to do all the calculations and surveys required, however, it is the fastest tool and accessible to the field professionals. The simulation on the other hand, is a more accurate methodology and reaches levels of analysis that the prescriptive method does not reach, but still is a tool that needs large initial financial contribution and prior knowledge.展开更多
Tradition has been defined as practices brought forward from the past into the present. In the context of enslavement and the cultural dislocation that accompanied it, memory became critical in the recreation of tradi...Tradition has been defined as practices brought forward from the past into the present. In the context of enslavement and the cultural dislocation that accompanied it, memory became critical in the recreation of tradition. Individual memory contributed to the practices that created new traditions to be carried forward by subsequent generations. Archaeological evidence from Clifton Plantation, Bahamas, illustrates how memory and tradition shaped the identities of both enslaver and enslaved, and influenced the construction of an African Bahamian identity in the early nineteenth-century. In their consumer selections, the enslaved people of Clifton were constructing artifact assemblages that reflected their memories of their traditional cultural background. In the process they were creating an Afro-Bahamian aesthetic that would become a tradition for future generations of Bahamians. While the goods were not of their own manufacture, the choices were theirs from the selection available to them. At the same time, those of British heritage were signaling their British identity through their consumer choices. However, Clifton was unusual in being owned by a reformer who sought to ameliorate the conditions of slavery. The paper also briefly discusses whether these concepts are useful in understanding the material culture of enslaved Africans at other sites.展开更多
基金supported by the Science and Technology Development Planning of Shandong Provincethe China Postdoctoral Science Fund (Grant No.2012GGE27088 andNo.2011M500531)
文摘Objective: This study aims to investigate the clinicopathologic significance of lymphatic vessel invasion (LVI) labeled by D2-40 monoclonal antibody in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods: Immunohistochemical assay was used to detect the expression of D2-40 and LVI in 107 ESCC patients. Then, the correlation between the clinicopathologic feature and the overall survival time of the patients was analyzed. Results: The lymph node metastasis rates were 70% and 21% in the LVI-positive and LVI-negative groups, respectively. The nodal metastasis rate was higher in the LVI-positive group than in the LVI-negative group. Multivariate regression analysis showed that LVI was related to nodal metastasis (P〈0.001). The median survival time of the patients was 26 and 43 months in the LVI-positive and LVI-negative groups, respectively. Mthough univariate regression analysis showed significant difference between the two groups (P=0.014), multivariate regression analysis revealed that LVI was not an independent prognostic factor for overall survival in the ESCC patients (P=0.062). Lymphatic node metastasis (P=0.031), clinical stage (P=0.019), and residual tumor (P=0.026) were the independent prognostic factors. Conclusion: LVI labeled by D2-40 monoclonal antibody is a risk factor predictive of lymph node metastasis in ESCC patients.
文摘From the early days of the moving image and its recordings of facts and events considered to be historical, followed by the consolidation of the classic narrative cinema grammar in the 1910s reaffirmed until today by a large part of the television production that turns to the past, without disregarding authorial aesthetic experiences produced especially since the 1920s, history has been present for over more than a century in several types of media. Movie theaters, people's homes and, nowadays, thanks to new media technology, any and every place are spaces for projecting historical narratives. They are both entertainment--by deploying strategies for constructing a "truth" about the past--and critical reflection, going against a belief in that possibility, in rendering explicit their nature as a language. Since all of these narratives presuppose an audience, a public, within different genres, styles and formats, with more realist overtones, more to the general public's taste, or anti-naturalist, in experiences for smaller audiences, it seems pertinent to discuss these issues considering that audiovisual narratives are powerful agents in constructing a memory of the past. Particularly in this text, we will examine how the most powerful communication enterprise in Brazil - Global Group - had construct a memory of the Brazilian military dictatorship (1964-1985) until 2016.
文摘OBJECTIVE To explore the biodistribution and anti-tumoractivity of ^(131)I labeled rituximab injected intratumorally orintraperitoneally in vivo in nude mice bearing Raji human Burkitt's lymphoma xenografts.METHODS The rituximab and the mouse IgG were labeled withNa^(131)I using the IODO-GEN method.BALB/C nude mice werexenografted with ^(131)I-Rituximab or ^(131)I-IgG and killed on the 1st,3rd,7th,and 15th day after injection.The tumor/non-tumor ratio(T/NT)and the dose injected in each gram of the tissue(%ID/g)from12 organs or tissues of interest,e.g.tumor,blood,were calculated.The long and short axes of each tumor were measured by calipersat 2-3-day intervals after treatment,and the growth inhibition ofthe tumor was calculated using the MIRD formula.RESULTS When comparing intraperitoneal injection(IP)andintratumoral injection(IT)of ^(131)I-IgG,intratumoral injection of^(131)I-rituximab produced a significantly higher tumor/non-tumorratio in all tissues and organs of interest on the 1st,3rd,and 7thday,respectively(P<0.05).The %ID/g of tumor was 1.4-1.7-foldand 1.5-3.7-fold in the IP and IgG IT groups,respectively,but the%ID/g of non-tumors was significantly lower in the IP group andIgG IT group.Similarly,the tumor growth was greatly inhibitedby intratumoral injection of the ^(131)I-rituximab,whereas it wasless inhibited by other forms of the treatment(P<0.05).However^(131)I-rituximab injected intratumorally inhibited tumor growth ina dose-dependent manner.The inhibition rate was less with alow dose(75μCi)and greater with a high dose(150μCi),yet thedifference was not significant(P>0.05).CONCLUSION Tumors can absorb the highest amount of theradiolabelled antibodies,and the tumor/non-tumor ratios in thegroup with intratumoral injection of the ^(131)I-rituximab resulted inthe optimal anti-tumor activity.
基金Supported by National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program) (2007AA021206,2007AA021106)
文摘Objective To develop an alternative method for assessment of gene delivery systems in vivo.Methods Mouse primary spleen lymphocytes were genetically modified in vitro by a retroviral vector harboring a Gaussia luciferase(Gluc) expression cassette.After implantation of these cells into recipient mice,the expression of Gluc was detected in whole blood or plasma collected.Results As little as 10 μL whole blood drawn from the recipient mice could guarantee prompt reading of Gluc activity with a luminometer.And the reading was found in good correlation with the number of genetically modified spleen lymphocytes implanted to the mice.Conclusions Gluc may be useful as an in vivo reporter for gene therapy researches,and Gluc blood assay could provide an alternative method for assessment of gene delivery systems in vivo.
文摘Having as a starting point of the problematic energy consumption of buildings, it studied the panorama of energy efficiency, emphasizing the Brazilian program of the INMETRO (Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Normalizacao e Qualidade Industrial), PROCEL “Edifica” (national program for energy efficiency in buildings), contained in the norm RTQ-C (technical requirements of the quality for the level of energetic efficiency of commercial, service, and public buildings). For a better understanding of the regulation, it elected a building, emblematic in the city of Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil, illustrating the perspective of the program. The building was classified in accordance with the two methodologies presented by the program: prescriptive and simulation, so it was possible to investigate the peculiarities of each methodology and the own regulation. After the application of the methodologies, we came to the conclusion that the prescriptive method is less accurate and requires more dedication by the evaluator to do all the calculations and surveys required, however, it is the fastest tool and accessible to the field professionals. The simulation on the other hand, is a more accurate methodology and reaches levels of analysis that the prescriptive method does not reach, but still is a tool that needs large initial financial contribution and prior knowledge.
文摘Tradition has been defined as practices brought forward from the past into the present. In the context of enslavement and the cultural dislocation that accompanied it, memory became critical in the recreation of tradition. Individual memory contributed to the practices that created new traditions to be carried forward by subsequent generations. Archaeological evidence from Clifton Plantation, Bahamas, illustrates how memory and tradition shaped the identities of both enslaver and enslaved, and influenced the construction of an African Bahamian identity in the early nineteenth-century. In their consumer selections, the enslaved people of Clifton were constructing artifact assemblages that reflected their memories of their traditional cultural background. In the process they were creating an Afro-Bahamian aesthetic that would become a tradition for future generations of Bahamians. While the goods were not of their own manufacture, the choices were theirs from the selection available to them. At the same time, those of British heritage were signaling their British identity through their consumer choices. However, Clifton was unusual in being owned by a reformer who sought to ameliorate the conditions of slavery. The paper also briefly discusses whether these concepts are useful in understanding the material culture of enslaved Africans at other sites.