中美博弈的战略症结、应对思路与演绎前景——发挥新兴市场优势与革新市场文化模式

新一轮中美博弈中,"贸易战"多属美方口舌而实质却是强行施加其政治经济压力,"金融战"看似当然而实质却远非本轮博弈症结之所在,"技术战"煞有介事但对阵选择原则却又并非主要地取决于技术,"政治战""新冷战"及其高级阶段"热战"的出现概率应该说都非常小,而争夺市场和改造对手的"市场文化战"才真正是美方本轮博弈的主旨。中方在这场博弈中必胜的理论依据在于:"市场提供方"胜于"技术输出方",发挥新兴市场优势需要中方更多地知己知彼的智慧与相机决策"纳什均衡"的耐心,革新市场文化模式正在经由"制度性地改革开放"与加速实现"中国梦"。

跨世纪作战样式（四）：割断“战争血脉”的经济战

经济战，是指通过破坏和削弱敌方军事经济能力而克敌制胜的作战行动。它犹如釜底抽薪，令对手失去赖以依托的“战争血脉”而陷入枯竭无援的战争状态。经济战的目的和手段都是军事性的，而它所直接攻击的目标则是经济性的。

中国在港澳地区的市场保卫战(1949～1978年)

新中国成立后,在港澳地区打响的市场保卫战是具有政治意义的贸易斗争。20世纪50年代,市场保卫战取得良好成效;从60年代初开始,港澳市场竞争激烈。中国先后针对日本、苏联等国家或地区持续开展了市场保卫战,但囿于出口商品结构等原因,成效不尽如人意。直到改革开放后,内地才最终恢复在港澳市场的优势地位。

Strategic thinking on improving the environmental competitiveness of Chinese enterprises

Environmental competitiveness, price competitiveness and non-price competitiveness make up the undivided vital part of product＇s competitiveness. Environmental competitiveness can not only help improve the enterprise＇s key competitiveness directly, but also strengthen it indirectly by improving the products＇ price competitiveness and non-price competitiveness effectively. Instead of being confined to the product itself, there are several element＇s that can determine and influence the product＇s environmental competitiveness, including the manufacturing process, the management of enterprise＆the life circle of the products, etc. Measuring these elements by setting “environmental suitable degree ”, and building up the echelon model to evaluate the environmental competitiveness can help us see about the standard of the enterprises＇ environmental competitiveness. Though many of the national enterprises have price competitiveness to some extend, restricted by all kinds of elements like systems, techniques, policy, the enterprises are weak in environmental competitiveness. Beginning with systems redesign, carrying out the sustainable development, strengthening inner enterprises management, making more efforts on technique innovation, and widely publicizing and teaching the ecological concept, Chinese national enterprises can improve their environmental competitiveness and improve their key competitiveness.

Study on the knowledge management of strategic alliances in high technology enterprises

With the development of knowledge economy, the competition between high teehnology enterprises has gradually evolved into the competition of core competence based on knowledge, because high technology enterprises are typical knowledge-based enterprises. Few enterprises, especially for high technology firms, have all of the knowledge they need to compete effectively in the marketplace both at home and abroad, so more and more high technology companies are taking the advantage of strategic alliances to get their complementary knowledge. Since knowledge is the source of an enterprise＇ s competitiveness, knowledge management has become the most important means for enterprises to gain competitive advantage. There has been an increased growth in the literature on strategic alliances in recent decades. But what is less discussed in the existing literature on strategic alliances is the issue of knowledge management of strategic alliances in high technology enterprises. Based on the characteristics of strategic alliances in high technology enterprises, and in line with the implication and the goal of knowledge management, this study tries to delve into this issue. The paper analyzes the key factors relevant to the knowledge management of strategic alliances in high technology enterprises and proposes guidelines on the process and measures that should be taken in the knowledge management of strategic alliances in high technology enterprises.

SPECULATION ON DEVELOPING TOUR RESOURCES OF THE TOURNAMENT ATHLETICS IN HARBIN CITY

The exploitation and utilization of the tour resources of tournament athletics, including skiling, boat sailing, archery, ice engraving, snow engrav ing, has become a new trend of the development of Chinese tourism. Due to the un ique cold climate and superior geographic location,Harbin is a promising city f or developing tour resources of tournament athletics. Based on the analysis of t he superiority and peculiarity of Harbin,the speculation on development of tour resources of tournament athletics in Harbin is proposed as follows:1) Harbin s hould develop its special tour resources of tournament athletics associated with needs of market; 2) Harbin should take the advantages of rich resources and dev elop ice and snow entertainment in winter and travel for sight-seeing and spend ing summer; 3) the adjustment of the layout of ice and snow resources should be based on the idea of taking Harbin as the center and all-side opening at the la rge scale in the way of radiation; 4) tourism should be developed by the combine d efforts of various departments to make feasible plan, and the organizers shoul d pay much attention to ensuring the safety of tourists.

Reflection on Enterprise Standardization Innovation under New Circumstances

Nowadays with the developmental theme of ＂knowledge economy and information network＂, technical standards increasingly become a vital means of the economic globalization competition. In the global market strategy of ＂whoever sets standards wins the market＂, it is the technological leaders that as relevant standards developers take the initiative on the world market. Therefore, from mainly addressing the universality and interoperatability of product parts in the past, technical standards have been respected as the new technical concept and gradually become the commanding height of the industry competition.

Internationalization and the Structure of the Company＇s Marketing Strategy on International Markets Theoretical Remarks

The paper presents theoretical reflection upon international marketing strategy in the framework of internationalization and globalization of the market. It consists of four parts. The first one debates the nature and reasons for corporate internationalization. The second part shows an international marketing strategy in the concept of corporate expansion. The strategy consists of two elements： the basic dimensions of foreign market entry modes （part 3） and business presence strategies in overseas markets （part 4）. This paper proposes a theoretical framework for research conducted by Department of Marketing of the Cracow University of Economics. The research has been conducted as a part of grant received by Polish National Centre of Science.

On earnings management countermeasures of listing companies in China

This paper overviews earnings management incentive of listed companies, cost in transactions with stockholders and major in researching some countermeasures how management.

QFII in China Security Market： Status Quo and Investment Strategy

This paper firstly introduces the definition and features of QFII, and then mainly analyzes the QFII＇s portfolio performance and investment yield, as welt as stock market. And at last, it refers to the impacts of QFII＇s companies and supervision systems in China security market. the investment ideas and strategies of QFII in China investment styles and strategies on investors, listed

Energy Conservation is Crucial to Chinese Energy Strategy

After the efforts of several generations,Chinese oil industry has seen remarkable success making China the fifth largest oil producer of the world;by the year 2004,China had become a large natural gas producer with the annual output of 50 billion cubic meters,all of which have laid down a sound foundation for the rapid development of national economy and the sustainment of people＇s general living standard.

Japanese Media Strategy： The Recognition of Economic Value Chains

This paper examines, as a case study, Japanese media production, remaking, and transferences of media content derived from the manga Janguru Taitei （Jungle Emperor） and contemporary Japanese government strategies to protect and promote Japanese cultural and economic value within the content business. The study utilizes methodological triangulation inclusive of textual, document, and value chain analysis. The Japanese government has progressively appreciated the intrinsic value of the media content from both a commercial and cultural context and the loss of value in unregulated segments of the regional market. In 2003, they established an Intellectual Property Strategy Group to support and promote the Japanese media content business. There has been a continuum of policy development since then to protect and amplify the financial value of Japanese media products. All of the developments in media industry are fuelled not only by government regulations, the imagination of talented artists and writers, and the growing regionalization and internationalization of the industry but also the ＂bottom line＂ emerging from the value chain. The recognition of the need for sustaining profit growth to continue the viability of original and remade content in Japan is paramount for Japan.

Eurozone Equity Market Diversification： Is It Still Worth？

The paper aims at verifying if there still are advantages in diversification inside the Eurozone despite the economic and monetary unification process. The results show unambiguously that notwithstanding the high degree of correlation between the Eurozone stock markets, opportunities for diversification still exist. The introduction of constraints on short selling significantly reduces these benefits. Investors from the European leading countries would have greatly benefitted from a Eurozone portfolio diversification strategy. The advantages of diversification appear to change significantly over time and from country to country. The results are also conclusive in reflecting the instability of the historical mean-variance data.

Linking Markets to Smallholder Agro-forestry Farmers as a Strategy for Poverty Alleviation in the Tropics

The objective of the study was to assess factors affecting market participation of agro-forestry smallholder farmers in Uganda. Primary data on household, farm and marketing characteristics were collected from 153 farming households using a semi-structured, pre-tested questionnaire. The determinants of market participation were assessed using the Probit model. Descriptive statistics showed that a combination of crop, livestock and tree products were marketed by farmers. The main products included maize, cassava and coffee （crops）; firewood and poles （tree products）; and birds and goats （livestock products）. Results from the Probit model showed that farm size, household size, education level, access to credit and extension visits had positive and statistically significant effects on market participation of farmers in agro-forestry products＇ markets. Age of farmer had a negative and statistically significant effect on the participation. Emphasis on improving the quality and coverage of extension services, extending credit facilities to farmers and intensifying agro-forestry training among farmers are suggested as avenues to enhance participation of farmers in agro-forestry products＇ markets.

Strategy research of enterprises to cope with marketing environment changes

Enterprise is economic cell of society. Enterprise marketing activities are conducted under certain social conditions, which have countless ties with all aspects of society. In order to achieve the established marketing objectives, firms must carefully analyze and research marketing environment and strive to make company＇ s marketing plan and decisions adapt to the changing market environment, avoiding and overcoming the risks of environment changes, in the end to ensure an invincible position in the fierce market competition and constantly changing environment.

Enlightenment of New Economy on the Development of Chinese Economy

This paper summarizes the features of the new economy in America, and then analyses the differences between the new economy and Chinese economy with trade theories. At the last, this paper concentrates on study of strategies for China to develop economic internationalization.

The importance of product positioning and global branding for sustaining competitive advantage within the companies＇ global marketing strategy

In today＇s globally competitive world, because of the globalization, new business patterns and the changing nature of consumers, the companies feel the necessity to act strategic in the market and to reach up the target markets and sustain maximum customer satisfaction in order to compete and survive. In this context, within the study it is tried to define product positioning in international markets and global branding strategies conceptually and to focus on their contributions to the overall competitive advantage of the company. Initially, the study tries to present the association between product positioning and global branding approaches of the companies and sustaining competitive advantage. Justifications for the examination of the importance of companies＇ international product positioning and global branding orientations as a basis of creating competitive advantage were derived from the literature. It is suggested that the companies＇ product positioning and global branding orientations and sustaining competitive advantage are the important aspects in multinational management and international business areas. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of product positioning and global branding strategies of the companies with special references to various industries and global brands.

The Promise of Fruitful Sino-British Cooperation

RELATIONS between Britain and China date back to antiquity,founded on ancient trade and missionary contacts.Beginning in the 1830s,Britain was the first country to industrialize and become a world economic power.In the Opium Wars Britain forced China to open its doors,bringing the country into the world market at gunpoint. On the other hand, Britain was also the first Western eountry to recognize the People＇s Republic of China, and returned Hong Kong to Chinese sovereignty in 1997. Now, China and Britain are entering the new eentry, with a partnership founded on deep cooperation in many areas.

Study of Overseas Development and Construction of Sino- Russian Cooperation Agriculture Park of Jilin Province

Implement agricultural ＂going out＂ strategy, guide and promote agricultural enterprises＇ higher and wider participation in international agricultural division of labor and cooperation, foster transnational agricultural groups, which will help to speed up China＇s agricultural industrialization, internationalization and modernization, the promotion of domestic strategic adjustment of agricultural structure, the optimization and upgrading. Jilin Province shall make an integrated use of a variety of ways to strengthen the development strength of overseas market of agricultural resources and agricultural products, promote improved varieties, superior agricultural technology, equipment and agricultural products to ＂walk out＂, establish foreign grain, important industrial crop and fishery production base and independent logistics and trade system, and continuously improve the international competitiveness of China＇s agriculture. This thesis discusses the current research of overseas agriculture development and the major ways of the construction of Sino-Russian Cooperation Agriculture Park in Jilin Province. It also proposes the measures to accelerate the implementation of the development of Jilin Province Sino-Russian Cooperation Agriculture Park.