Along with the rapid growth of economy in the postreform period after 1979,China has faced severe problems of resource overusing and environmental degradation which would threaten the sustainable development of econom...Along with the rapid growth of economy in the postreform period after 1979,China has faced severe problems of resource overusing and environmental degradation which would threaten the sustainable development of economy and society.This article explores an effective mechanism of managing resource and environment in China.It examines some major resource and environmental issues,and constructs a framework of institution innovation to cover three sectors(government,market and society) . In addition,the article analyzes their experience and evaluation in resource management and environmental conservation during the transitional period.We argue that the combination of market regulation,government intervention and public participation is an effective way of allocating resource and protecting environment. Some suggestions are put forward to balance the relationship between them,including coordinating role of government and market,building platform for market operation and creating an atmosphere of public participation.展开更多
Urban forestry is an emerging science and art in the field of resource management in the Philippines.The concepts and principles are quite similar with traditional forestry being both resource managementstrategies. As...Urban forestry is an emerging science and art in the field of resource management in the Philippines.The concepts and principles are quite similar with traditional forestry being both resource managementstrategies. As a science and art, urban forestry needs to be assessed as to its present status. Hence, in thispaper, I presented a brief historical background about urban forestry in the Philippines including the previousand present efforts, policies and programs related to urban forestry and the extent of their implementation.I also included the result of my assessment about the initiatives and capabilities of the local agenciesspecifically the local government units (LGUs) in Metro Manila on urban forestry. I also included the statusof urban forestry research including the research gaps that need to be addressed. Some recommendations thatare logical toward sustainability of urban green spaces are likewise enumerated.展开更多
基金funded by important direction of Chinese Academy of Sciences Knowledge Innovation Project(Grant no.kzcx2-yw-321)the National Natural Science Funds of Research on Water Pollution Effects of Industrial Agglomeration and Spatial Optimization-Case of Sunan Area(Grant no. 70703033)
文摘Along with the rapid growth of economy in the postreform period after 1979,China has faced severe problems of resource overusing and environmental degradation which would threaten the sustainable development of economy and society.This article explores an effective mechanism of managing resource and environment in China.It examines some major resource and environmental issues,and constructs a framework of institution innovation to cover three sectors(government,market and society) . In addition,the article analyzes their experience and evaluation in resource management and environmental conservation during the transitional period.We argue that the combination of market regulation,government intervention and public participation is an effective way of allocating resource and protecting environment. Some suggestions are put forward to balance the relationship between them,including coordinating role of government and market,building platform for market operation and creating an atmosphere of public participation.
文摘Urban forestry is an emerging science and art in the field of resource management in the Philippines.The concepts and principles are quite similar with traditional forestry being both resource managementstrategies. As a science and art, urban forestry needs to be assessed as to its present status. Hence, in thispaper, I presented a brief historical background about urban forestry in the Philippines including the previousand present efforts, policies and programs related to urban forestry and the extent of their implementation.I also included the result of my assessment about the initiatives and capabilities of the local agenciesspecifically the local government units (LGUs) in Metro Manila on urban forestry. I also included the statusof urban forestry research including the research gaps that need to be addressed. Some recommendations thatare logical toward sustainability of urban green spaces are likewise enumerated.
