双联万向联轴节在车架铰接处的最佳布位

分析了双联万向联轴节在WTC154J地球物理勘探车架铰接处的传动机理，针对传统布位方案存在的问题，经过调整，提出了最佳布位方案，并推导出了计算公式．

多指手的操作灵巧性设计

将多指手的设计分解为手指机构的灵巧性设计及手指的合理布位两个子问题。针对子问题一，以手指雅可比矩阵条件数的倒数为位形操作灵巧性指标确定了合理的手指杆长比例及指端的灵巧操作区间。以灵巧操作速度和灵巧操作力为指端操作灵巧性指标，给出了确定手指驱动器功率的算法。对于子问题二，根据操作灵巧性对各指端灵巧操作区间相对位姿关系的要求，给出了手指布位的一般性原则。

Gravity inversion using the frequency characteristics of the density distribution

Three-dimensional gravity inversion based on the mass property model is very popular in recent years. The time and efficiency of inversion algorithms is relative to the magnitude of the target mesh. One approach is to search over the entire solution space for a more refined result. However, the inversion will be difficult with the increased parameters in the large search space and the number of computations increases exponentially. ｜n this paper, we propose a novel approach based on the frequency characteristics of the density distribution over the mesh. The purposes of our study are to reduce the parameters of three- dimensional gravity inversion and to lighten the image quality of the inversion result. The results show that the new method can expedite the inversion processing and get a better geological interpretation than tradition methods.

NOVEL APPROACH TO LOCATOR LAYOUT OPTIMIZATION BASED ON GENETIC ALGORITHM

Proper fixture design is crucial to obtain the better product quality according to the design specification during the workpiece fabrication. Locator layout planning is one of the most important tasks in the fixture design process. However, the design of a fixture relies heavily on the designerts expertise and experience up to now. Therefore, a new approach to loeator layout determination for workpieces with arbitrary complex surfaces is pro- posed for the first time. Firstly, based on the fuzzy judgment method, the proper locating reference and locator - numbers are determined with consideration of surface type, surface area and position tolerance. Secondly, the lo- cator positions are optimized by genetic algorithm（GA）. Finally, a typical example shows that the approach is su- perior to the experiential method and can improve positioning accuracy effectively.

Use of Solid SMEDDS in Delivery of Carvedilol

Aim A new solid SMEDDS (self-microemulsifying drug delivery system) capsule has been developed to increase the solubility and dissolution rate. Methods The solubilities of carvedilol in various bases were investigated. Ternary phase diagrams were used to evaluate the self-emulsification and self-microemulsfication domains. The particle size distribution and ζ-potential were determined. The mean diameter of the three formulae decreased with an increase of Lutrol F68. Results The in vitro dissolution rate of ...

谈风能开发利用中的场址选择

风电场的选址及风机布位考虑的因素比较多,定量计算参数多,工作量大,具体操作时不仅要考虑气象、地形、风能,还要考虑安装、地质、配网等多种因素.如果风机安装地点不合适,风机的性能不能充分发挥,会直接影响到风机运行的经济效益,风电场选址和风机布位的微观选址最主要的出发点就是风电机能充分利用风能,创造最佳的效益.

论在“五位一体”总体布局中工会的定位、面临的挑战及作用

"五位一体"是党中央对中国特色社会主义事业作出的新的全局性规划,体现了党对社会主义建设规律的全新把握。工会是联系党和职工群众桥梁和纽带,代表和维护职工合法权益,同时也承担着动员和组织职工积极参加改革和建设,努力推动我国经济、政治、文化、社会、生态文明各项事业不断向前发展的重要任务。新时期党和国家高度重视、相关法律法规不断出台、职工素质普遍提升及对工会的认同,都给工会发挥作用创造了机遇。但同时又面临着劳动关系日趋多样化和复杂化、劳动者利益诉求多元、思想状况日益复杂、价值取向多元和利益表达渠道不畅通等方面的挑战和压力。面对党、政府和职工对工会寄予的深切厚望,工会组织应从自身实际出发,从加强组织建设、提高工会干部整体素质、创新工会工作方式等方面找准定位,充分发挥自身优势,努力在新时期经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设以及生态文明建中争取更大的作为。

Atomistic simulation of thermal effects and defect structures during nanomachining of copper

Molecular dynamics （MD） simulations of monocrystalline copper （100） surface during nanomachining process were performed based on a new 3D simulation model. The material removal mechanism and system temperature distribution were discussed. The simulation results indicate that the system temperature distribution presents a roughly concentric shape, a steep temperature gradient is observed in diamond cutting tool, and the highest temperature is located in chip. Centrosymmetry parameter method was used to monitor defect structures. Dislocations and vacancies are the two principal types of defect structures. Residual defect structures impose a major change on the workpiece physical properties and machined surface quality. The defect structures in workpiece are temperature dependent. As the temperature increases, the dislocations are mainly mediated from the workpiece surface, while the others are dissociated into point defects. The relatively high cutting speed used in nanomachining results in less defect structures, beneficial to obtain highly machined surface quality.

Challenges to Data-Path Physical Design Inside SOC

Previously,a single data-path stack was adequate for data-path chips,and the complexity and size of the data-path was comparatively small.As current data-path chips,such as system-on-a-chip (SOC),become more complex,multiple data-path stacks are required to implement the entire data-path.As more data-path stacks are integrated into SOC,data-path is becoming a critical part of the whole giga-scale integrated circuits (GSI) design.The traditional physical design methodology can not satisfy the data-path performance requirements,because it can not accommodate the data-path bit-sliced structure and the strict performance (such as timing,coupling,and crosstalk) constraints.Challenges in the data-path physical design are addressed.The fundamental problems and key technologies in data-path physical design are analysed.The corresponding researches and solutions in this research field are also discussed.

The MAP/PH(PH/PH)/1 Discrete-time Queuing System with Repairable Server

In this paper, we discuss a discrete time repairable queuing system with Markovian arrival process, where lifetime of server, service time and repair time of server are all discrete phase type random variables. Using the theory of matrix geometric solution, we give the steady state distribution of queue length and waiting time. In addition, the stable availability of the system is also provided.

Data-Path Placement Based on Regularity Extraction and Implementation

An algorithm named DPP is addressed.In it,a new model based on the concept of irregularity degree is founded to evaluate the regularity of cells.It generates the structure regularity of cells by exploiting the signal flow of circuit.Then,it converts the bit slice structure to parallel constraints to enable Q place algorithm.The design flow and the main algorithms are introduced.Finally,the satisfied experimental result of the tool compared with the Cadence placement tool SE is discussed.

Distributed Sampling Measurement Model in a Large-Scale High-Speed IP Networks

The distributed passive measurement is an important technology for networkbehavior research. To achieve a consistent measurement, the same packets should be sampled atdistributed measurement points. And in order to estimate the character of traffic statistics, thetraffic sample should be random in statistics. A distributed samplingmask measurement model isintroduced to tackle the difficulty of measuring the full trace of high-speed networks. The keypoint of the model is to choose some bits that are suitable to be sampling mask. In the paper, thebit entropy and bit flow entropy of IP packet headers in CERNET backbone are analyzed, and we findthat the 16 bits of identification field in IP packet header are fit to the matching field ofsampling mask. Measurement traffic also can be used to analyze the statistical character ofmeasurement sample and the randomicity of the model. At the same time the experiment resultsindicate that the model has a good sampling performance.

ANALYSIS ON A TYPE OF SERVICING MACHINES MODEL WITH REPAIRABLE SERVICE STATION

This paper deals with a type of servicing machines model, which service station has a life time of the kth Er-langian distribution and can be repaired just like a new one. The cyclic time and the inefficiency quantities of this system in equilibrium are obtained.

Identifying Scale-location Specific Control on Vegetation Distribution in Mountain-hill Region

vegetation continuous The scale-location specific control on distribution was investigated through wavelet transforms approaches in subtropical mountain-hill region, Fujian, China. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index （NDVI） was calculated as an indicator of vegetation greenness using Chinese Environmental Disaster Reduction Satellite images along latitudinal and longitudinal transects. Four scales of variations were identified from the local wavelet spectrum of NDVI, with much stronger wavelet variances observed at larger scales. The characteristic scale of vegetation distribution within mountainous and hilly regions in Southeast China was around 20 km. Significantly strong wavelet coherency was generally examined in regions with very diverse topography, typically characterized as small mountains and hills fractured by rivers and residents. The continuous wavelet based approaches provided valuable insight on the hierarchical structure and its corresponding characteristic scales of ecosystems, which might be applied in defining proper levels in multilevel models and optimal bandwidths in Geographically Weighted Regression.

The Anti—tumor Effects of an Anti—CD71 Chimeric Antibody in Vitro and Its Distribution in a Tumor Xenograft Model

Objective To investigate the anti-tumor effects in vitro and in vivo distribution of the human/murine chimeric antibody (D2C). Methods The CD71 positive target cells (K562, GEM and SMMC7721) and the effector cells, freshly isolated human PBMC, with the ratio of target cells to effector cells 1:50, were incubated in various dilutions of D2C antibody ( Ab) . Antibody dependent cytotoxicity (AD-CC) was tested by using an LDH-release assay. Instead of effector cells, complement was added to the target cells (GEM, SMMC-7721) with various dilutions of D2C Ab. A method of counting death cells was used in complement dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) assay. Tumor localization and distribution of the chimeric antibody (D2C) were observed by labeling the chimeric Ab with radioiodine(131I) and injecting it into nude mice (Balb/c nu/nu) transplanted with human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (SMMC-7721).Results A significant ADCC was observed with the increased concentration of the D2C Ab. Cytolysis of CD71-positive target cells by the D2C Ab was found in the presence of fresh rabbit complement. Labeled D2C administered by intraperitoneal as well as tumor regional injection, was visualized by SPECT. The distribution of D2C Ab in murine organs and tissues showed that non-specific binding was lower following tumor regional administration than when the antibody was administered by an intraperitoneal injection. The human/murine chimeric antibody (D2C) has in vitro anti-tumor effects and can exert its effects in specific tumor localization. Its distribution and local effects in vivo can be detected by radioimmunoimaging.Conclusion CD71 human/murine chimeric antibody showed marked killing of tumor cells in vitro, and specific recognition and high affinity binding to tumor tissue in vivo

Equilibrium and kinetic Si isotope fractionation factors and their implications for Si isotope distributions in the Earth's surface environments

Several important equilibrium Si isotope fractionation factors among minerals,organic molecules and the H_4SiO_4 solution are complemented to facilitate the explanation of the distributions of Si isotopes in Earth's surface environments.The results reveal that,in comparison to aqueous H_4SiO_4,heavy Si isotopes will be significantly enriched in secondary silicate minerals.On the contrary,quadra-coordinated organosilicon complexes are enriched in light silicon isotope relative to the solution.The extent of ^(28)Si-enrichment in hyper-coordinated organosilicon complexes was found to be the largest.In addition,the large kinetic isotope effect associated with the polymerization of monosilicic acid and dimer was calculated,and the results support the previous statement that highly ^(28)Sienrichment in the formation of amorphous quartz precursor contributes to the discrepancy between theoretical calculations and field observations.With the equilibrium Si isotope fractionation factors provided here,Si isotope distributions in many of Earth's surface systems can be explained.For example,the change of bulk soil δ^(30)Si can be predicted as a concave pattern with respect to the weathering degree,with the minimum value where allophane completely dissolves and the total amount of sesquioxides and poorly crystalline minerals reaches their maximum.When,under equilibrium conditions,the well-crystallized clays start to precipitate from the pore solutions,the bulk soil δ^(30)Si will increase again and reach a constant value.Similarly,the precipitation of crystalline smectite and the dissolution of poorly crystalline kaolinite may explain the δ^(30)Si variations in the ground water profile.The equilibrium Si isotope fractionations among the quadracoordinated organosilicon complexes and the H_4SiO_4solution may also shed light on the Si isotope distributions in the Si-accumulating plants.

Distribution Orientation and Driving Mechanism of Geographical Pattern Change of China′s Banking Industry

By analyzing the relationship among government, market driving forces, distribution orientation of banking industry, service opportunity equality and spatial patterns, this paper proposes that it is distribution orientation that lead to the formation and evolution of spatial pattern of banking industry. The difference of the distribution orientation leads to the separation of the spatial pattern of banking industry, and the change of the distribution orientation leads to the change of spatial pattern. The degree of spatial pattern change is subject to the degree of change of distribution orientation, and the scale of bank resources in the regions, which supports the distribution orientation variation. Based on these theoretical frameworks, some indicators were designed to analyze the pattern change of China′s banking industry and its effects since 1995 under the change of the distribution orientation. This paper finds that the orientation of economic benefit maximization driven by market causes the banking industry to concentrate in economically developed regions.The government, which does not follow the orientation of economic benefit maximization, plays a role of stabilizer. Since the bank branches in the regions with the greatest change in bank branch distribution are too few, and regions with the greatest change in bank loan allocation are the regions with lots of loans, the pattern change of the banking industry in physical form is not as notable as that in economic form.

Catalytic roles of the acid sites in different pore channels of H‐ZSM‐5 zeolite for methanol‐to‐olefins conversion

H‐ZSM‐5 zeolite is a typical catalyst for methanol‐to‐olefins(MTO)conversion.Although the performance of zeolite catalysts for MTO conversion is related to the actual location of acid sites in the zeolite framework,the catalytic roles of the acid sites in different pore channels of the H‐ZSM‐5 zeolite are not well understood.In this study,the MTO reaction network,involving the aromatic cycle,alkene cycle,and aromatization process,and also the diffusion behavior of methanol feedstock and olefin and aromatic products at different acid sites in the straight channel,sinusoidal channel,and intersection cavity of H‐ZSM‐5 zeolite was comparatively investigated using density functional theory calculations and molecular dynamic simulations.The results indicated that the aromatic cycle and aromatization process occurred preferentially at the acid sites in the intersection cavities with a much lower energy barrier than that at the acid sites in the straight and sinusoidal channels.In contrast,the formation of polymethylbenzenes was significantly suppressed at the acid sites in the sinusoidal and straight channels,whereas the alkene cycle can occur at all three types of acid sites with similar energy barriers and probabilities.Consequently,the catalytic performance of H‐ZSM‐5 zeolite for MTO conversion,including activity and product selectivity,can be regulated properly through the purposive alteration of the acid site distribution,viz.,the location of Al in the zeolite framework.This study helps to elucidate the relation between the catalytic performance of different acid sites in the H‐ZSM‐5 zeolite framework for MTO conversion,which should greatly benefit the design of efficient catalyst for methanol conversion.

RELOCATION ALGORITHM FOR NON-UNIFORM DISTRIBUTION IN MOBILE SENSOR NETWORK

Energy is the determinant factor for the survival of Mobile Sensor Networks(MSN).Based on the analysis of the energy distribution in this paper,a two-phase relocation algorithm is proposed based on the balance between the energy provision and energy consumption distribution.Our main objectives are to maximize the coverage percentage and to minimize the total distance of node movements.This algorithm is designed to meet the requirement of non-uniform distribution network applications,to extend the lifetime of MSN and to simplify the design of the routing protocol.In ad-dition,test results show the feasibility of our proposed relocation algorithm.

A Precision-Positioning Method for a High-Acceleration Low-Load Mechanism Based on Optimal Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Inertial Energy

High-speed and precision positioning are fundamental requirements for high-acceleration low-load mechanisms in integrated circuit （IC） packaging equipment. In this paper, we derive the transient nonlinear dynamicresponse equations of high-acceleration mechanisms, which reveal that stiffness, frequency, damping, and driving frequency are the primary factors. Therefore, we propose a new structural optimization and velocity-planning method for the precision positioning of a high-acceleration mechanism based on optimal spatial and temporal distribution of inertial energy. For structural optimization, we first reviewed the commonly flexible multibody dynamic optimization using equivalent static loads method （ESLM）, and then we selected the modified ESLM for optimal spatial distribution of inertial energy; hence, not only the stiffness but also the inertia and frequency of the real modal shapes are considered. For velocity planning, we developed a new velocity-planning method based on nonlinear dynamic-response optimization with varying motion conditions. Our method was verified on a high-acceleration die bonder. The amplitude of residual vibration could be decreased by more than 20% via structural optimization and the positioning time could be reduced by more than 40% via asymmetric variable velocity planning. This method provides an effective theoretical support for the precision positioning of high-acceleration low-load mechanisms.