To achieve high quality factor and high-sensitivity refractive index sensor,a slot micro-ring resonator(MRR)based on asymmetric Fabry-Perot(FP)cavity was proposed.The structure consisted of a pair of elliptical holes ...To achieve high quality factor and high-sensitivity refractive index sensor,a slot micro-ring resonator(MRR)based on asymmetric Fabry-Perot(FP)cavity was proposed.The structure consisted of a pair of elliptical holes to form an FP cavity and a microring resonator.The two different optical modes generated by the micro-ring resonator were destructively interfered to form a Fano line shape,which improved the system sensitivity while obtaining a higher quality factor and extinction ratio.The transmission principle of the structure was analyzed by the transfer matrix method.The transmission spectrum and mode field distribution of the proposed structure were simulated by the finite difference time domain(FDTD)method,and the key structural parameters affecting the Fano line shape in the device were optimized.The simulation results show that the quality factor of the device reached 22037.1,and the extinction ratio was 23.9 dB.By analyzing the refractive index sensing characteristics,the sensitivity of the structure was 354 nm·RIU−1,and the detection limit of the sensitivity was 2×10−4 RIU.Thus,the proposed compact asymmetric FP cavity slot micro-ring resonator has obvious advantages in sensing applications owing to its excellent performance.展开更多
Based on a ripped-up and rerouted methodology,a multilayer area detailed router is presented by using simulated evolution technique.A modified maze algorithm is also performed for the single net.
In order to improve the efficiency of operating rooms,reduce the costs for hospitals and improve the level of service qualities, a scheduling method was developed based on an estimation of distribution algorithm（ EDA...In order to improve the efficiency of operating rooms,reduce the costs for hospitals and improve the level of service qualities, a scheduling method was developed based on an estimation of distribution algorithm（ EDA）. First, a scheduling problem domain is described. Based on assignment constraints and resource capacity constraints, the mathematical programming models are set up with an objective function to minimize the system makespan. On the basis of the descriptions mentioned above, a solution policy of generating feasible scheduling solutions is established. Combined with the specific constraints of operating theatres, the EDA-based algorithm is put forward to solve scheduling problems. Finally, simulation experiments are designed to evaluate the scheduling method. The orthogonal table is chosen to determine the parameters in the proposed method. Then the genetic algorithm and the particle swarm optimization algorithm are chosen for comparison with the EDA-based algorithm, and the results indicate that the proposed method can decrease the makespan of the surgical system regardless of the size of operations. Moreover, the computation time of the EDA-based algorithm is only approximately 5 s when solving the large scale problems, which means that the proposed algorithm is suitable for carrying out an on-line scheduling optimization of the patients.展开更多
The complexity of natural conditions leads to the complexity of vegetation types of Taiwan of China, which has both tropical and cold-temperate vegetation types, and could be depicted as the vegetation miniature of Ch...The complexity of natural conditions leads to the complexity of vegetation types of Taiwan of China, which has both tropical and cold-temperate vegetation types, and could be depicted as the vegetation miniature of China or even for the world. The physiognomic-floristic principle was adopted for the vegetation classification of Taiwan. The units of rank from top to bottom are: class of vegetation-type, order of vegetation-type, vegetation-type, alliance group, alliance and association. The high-rank units (class, order and vegetation-type) are classified by ecological physiognomy, while the median and lower units by the species composition of community. At the same time the role of dominant species and character species will also be considered. The dominant species are the major factor concerned with the median ranks (alliance group, and alliance) because they are the chief components of community, additionally their remarkable appearance is easy to identify; the character species (or diagnostic species) are for relatively low ranks (association) because they will clearly show the interspecies relation-ship and the characteristics of community. According to this principle, vegetation of Taiwan is classi-fied into five classes of vegetation-types (forests, thickets, herbaceous vegetation, rock fields vegetation, swamps and aquatic vegetation), 29 orders of vegetation-types (cold-temperate needle-leaved forests, cool-temperate needle-leaved forests, warm-temperate needle-leaved forests, warm needle-leaved forests, deciduous broad-leaved forests, mixed evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forests, evergreen mossy forests, evergreen sclerophyllous forests, evergreen broad-leaved forests, tropical rain forests, tropical monsoon forests, coastal forests, warm bamboo forests, evergreen needle-leaved thickets, sclerophyllous thickets, deciduous broad-leaved thickets, evergreen broad-leaved thickets, xerothermic thorn-succulent thickets, bamboo thickets, meadows, sparse shrub grasslands, savannahic grasslands, sparse scree communities, chasmophytic vegetation, woody swamps, herbaceous swamps, moss bogs, fresh water aquatic vegetation, salt water aquatic vegetation) and 53 vegetation-types. The main alliances of each vegetation-type are described.展开更多
Aim To calculate and analyze the near field distribution of ariborne short wave antenna. Methods B-spline method was used to get the mathermatital model of a Boeing 707320Baircraft and simulate its short wave antenna ...Aim To calculate and analyze the near field distribution of ariborne short wave antenna. Methods B-spline method was used to get the mathermatital model of a Boeing 707320Baircraft and simulate its short wave antenna . FDTD (finite-difference time-domain) method are ed tO complete the calculation and analysis. Results The near field distributions on aircraft's surface were obtained, the curve and gray figures of the normalized near field value were shown. Conclusion These modeling and calculating methods can provide data foraircraft's EMC analysis and design.展开更多
An algorithm is presented for better legal solution in detailed placement of large scale mixed macros and standard cells IC design.Due to the limitation of computing complexity,an effective and efficient initial place...An algorithm is presented for better legal solution in detailed placement of large scale mixed macros and standard cells IC design.Due to the limitation of computing complexity,an effective and efficient initial placement is very important for detailed placement.Novelty of this algorithm lies in a better solution at initial stage by using network flow method to satisfy row capacity constraint and the thought of linear placement problem(LPP) to resolve overlaps.Moreover,divide and conquer strategy and other simplified methods are adopted to minimize complexity.Experimental results show that the algorithm can get an average of 16% wire length improvement on PAFLO in reasonable CPU time.展开更多
An algorithm of path based timing optimization by buffer insertion is presented.The algorithm adopts a high order model to estimate interconnect delay and a nonlinear delay model based on look up table for gate dela...An algorithm of path based timing optimization by buffer insertion is presented.The algorithm adopts a high order model to estimate interconnect delay and a nonlinear delay model based on look up table for gate delay estimation.And heuristic method of buffer insertion is presented to reduce delay.The algorithm is tested by industral circuit case.Experimental results show that the algorithm can optimize the timing of circuit efficiently and the timing constraint is satisfied.展开更多
Porous ZnO films are synthesized by inorganic chelating sol-gel method,which is a novel sol-gel technique using zinc nitrate as starting materials and citric acid as the chelating reagent.The crystal structure,surface...Porous ZnO films are synthesized by inorganic chelating sol-gel method,which is a novel sol-gel technique using zinc nitrate as starting materials and citric acid as the chelating reagent.The crystal structure,surface morphology,porous and optical properties of the deposited films are investigated.X-ray diffraction pattern analysis shows that crystal structure of the ZnO films is hexagonal wurtzite.Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows that the ZnO film is porous.The curve of pore size distribution has two peak values at about 2.02nm and 4.97nm and BET surface area of the ZnO film is 27.57m2/g.In addition,the transmittance spectrum gives a high transmittance of 85% in the visible region and optical bandgap of the ZnO film (fired at 500℃) is 3.25eV.展开更多
This paper focuses on exporting relational data into extensible markup language (XML). First, the characteristics of both relational schemas represented by E-R diagrams and XML document type definitions (DTDs) are an...This paper focuses on exporting relational data into extensible markup language (XML). First, the characteristics of both relational schemas represented by E-R diagrams and XML document type definitions (DTDs) are analyzed. Secondly, the corresponding mapping rules are proposed. At last an algorithm based on edge tables is presented. There are two key points in the algorithm. One is that the edge table is used to store the information of the relational dictionary, and this brings about the efficiency of the algorithm. The other is that structural information can be obtained from the resulting DTDs and other applications can optimize their query processes using the structural information.展开更多
An efficient parallel global router using random optimization that is independent of net ordering is proposed.Parallel approaches are described and strategies guaranteeing the routing quality are discussed.The wire le...An efficient parallel global router using random optimization that is independent of net ordering is proposed.Parallel approaches are described and strategies guaranteeing the routing quality are discussed.The wire length model is implemented on multiprocessor,which enables the algorithm to approach feasibility of large scale problems.Timing driven model on multiprocessor and wire length model on distributed processors are also presented.The parallel algorithm greatly reduces the run time of routing.The experimental results show good speedups with no degradation of the routing quality.展开更多
In order to obtain the life information of the vacuum fluorescent display （VFD） in a short time, a model of constant stress accelerated life tests （CSALT） is established with its filament temperature increased, an...In order to obtain the life information of the vacuum fluorescent display （VFD） in a short time, a model of constant stress accelerated life tests （CSALT） is established with its filament temperature increased, and four constant stress tests are conducted. The Weibull function is applied to describe the life distribution of the VFD, and the maximum likelihood estimation （MLE） and its iterative flow chart are used to calculate the shape parameters and the scale parameters. Furthermore, the accelerated life equation is determined by the least square method, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test is performed to verify whether the VFD life meets the Weibull distribution or not, and selfdeveloped software is employed to predict the average life and the reliable life. Statistical data analysis results demonstrate that the test plans are feasible and versatile, that the VFD life follows the Weibull distribution, and that the VFD accelerated model satisfies the linear Arrhenius equation. The proposed method and the estimated life information of the VFD can provide some significant guideline to its manufacturers and customers.展开更多
In order to rapidly respond to the complex and mutational market, a new facility layout plan based on cellular manufacturing is proposed, which gives consideration to high efficiency and flexibility. The plan designs ...In order to rapidly respond to the complex and mutational market, a new facility layout plan based on cellular manufacturing is proposed, which gives consideration to high efficiency and flexibility. The plan designs two phases of integrated cell layout, i.e., cell construction and cell system layout, on the condition of adding/removing machines. First, in view of the costs of logics and machine-relocation, the cell construction based on the alternative processing routes and intra-cell layout are integrated as a whole, which achieves cell formation, process planning and the intra-cell layout in a single step. Secondly, an approach of a continuous optimized multi-line layout for solving the cell system layout problem is proposed, which eliminates the coupling relationship from the machine-relocation and realizes an integrated design of the two phases of the cell layout. An application based on real factory data is optimally solved by the Matlab 7.0 software to validate and verify the models.展开更多
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province(No.22JR5RA320).
文摘To achieve high quality factor and high-sensitivity refractive index sensor,a slot micro-ring resonator(MRR)based on asymmetric Fabry-Perot(FP)cavity was proposed.The structure consisted of a pair of elliptical holes to form an FP cavity and a microring resonator.The two different optical modes generated by the micro-ring resonator were destructively interfered to form a Fano line shape,which improved the system sensitivity while obtaining a higher quality factor and extinction ratio.The transmission principle of the structure was analyzed by the transfer matrix method.The transmission spectrum and mode field distribution of the proposed structure were simulated by the finite difference time domain(FDTD)method,and the key structural parameters affecting the Fano line shape in the device were optimized.The simulation results show that the quality factor of the device reached 22037.1,and the extinction ratio was 23.9 dB.By analyzing the refractive index sensing characteristics,the sensitivity of the structure was 354 nm·RIU−1,and the detection limit of the sensitivity was 2×10−4 RIU.Thus,the proposed compact asymmetric FP cavity slot micro-ring resonator has obvious advantages in sensing applications owing to its excellent performance.
文摘Based on a ripped-up and rerouted methodology,a multilayer area detailed router is presented by using simulated evolution technique.A modified maze algorithm is also performed for the single net.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61273035,71471135)
文摘In order to improve the efficiency of operating rooms,reduce the costs for hospitals and improve the level of service qualities, a scheduling method was developed based on an estimation of distribution algorithm（ EDA）. First, a scheduling problem domain is described. Based on assignment constraints and resource capacity constraints, the mathematical programming models are set up with an objective function to minimize the system makespan. On the basis of the descriptions mentioned above, a solution policy of generating feasible scheduling solutions is established. Combined with the specific constraints of operating theatres, the EDA-based algorithm is put forward to solve scheduling problems. Finally, simulation experiments are designed to evaluate the scheduling method. The orthogonal table is chosen to determine the parameters in the proposed method. Then the genetic algorithm and the particle swarm optimization algorithm are chosen for comparison with the EDA-based algorithm, and the results indicate that the proposed method can decrease the makespan of the surgical system regardless of the size of operations. Moreover, the computation time of the EDA-based algorithm is only approximately 5 s when solving the large scale problems, which means that the proposed algorithm is suitable for carrying out an on-line scheduling optimization of the patients.
文摘The complexity of natural conditions leads to the complexity of vegetation types of Taiwan of China, which has both tropical and cold-temperate vegetation types, and could be depicted as the vegetation miniature of China or even for the world. The physiognomic-floristic principle was adopted for the vegetation classification of Taiwan. The units of rank from top to bottom are: class of vegetation-type, order of vegetation-type, vegetation-type, alliance group, alliance and association. The high-rank units (class, order and vegetation-type) are classified by ecological physiognomy, while the median and lower units by the species composition of community. At the same time the role of dominant species and character species will also be considered. The dominant species are the major factor concerned with the median ranks (alliance group, and alliance) because they are the chief components of community, additionally their remarkable appearance is easy to identify; the character species (or diagnostic species) are for relatively low ranks (association) because they will clearly show the interspecies relation-ship and the characteristics of community. According to this principle, vegetation of Taiwan is classi-fied into five classes of vegetation-types (forests, thickets, herbaceous vegetation, rock fields vegetation, swamps and aquatic vegetation), 29 orders of vegetation-types (cold-temperate needle-leaved forests, cool-temperate needle-leaved forests, warm-temperate needle-leaved forests, warm needle-leaved forests, deciduous broad-leaved forests, mixed evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forests, evergreen mossy forests, evergreen sclerophyllous forests, evergreen broad-leaved forests, tropical rain forests, tropical monsoon forests, coastal forests, warm bamboo forests, evergreen needle-leaved thickets, sclerophyllous thickets, deciduous broad-leaved thickets, evergreen broad-leaved thickets, xerothermic thorn-succulent thickets, bamboo thickets, meadows, sparse shrub grasslands, savannahic grasslands, sparse scree communities, chasmophytic vegetation, woody swamps, herbaceous swamps, moss bogs, fresh water aquatic vegetation, salt water aquatic vegetation) and 53 vegetation-types. The main alliances of each vegetation-type are described.
文摘Aim To calculate and analyze the near field distribution of ariborne short wave antenna. Methods B-spline method was used to get the mathermatital model of a Boeing 707320Baircraft and simulate its short wave antenna . FDTD (finite-difference time-domain) method are ed tO complete the calculation and analysis. Results The near field distributions on aircraft's surface were obtained, the curve and gray figures of the normalized near field value were shown. Conclusion These modeling and calculating methods can provide data foraircraft's EMC analysis and design.
文摘An algorithm is presented for better legal solution in detailed placement of large scale mixed macros and standard cells IC design.Due to the limitation of computing complexity,an effective and efficient initial placement is very important for detailed placement.Novelty of this algorithm lies in a better solution at initial stage by using network flow method to satisfy row capacity constraint and the thought of linear placement problem(LPP) to resolve overlaps.Moreover,divide and conquer strategy and other simplified methods are adopted to minimize complexity.Experimental results show that the algorithm can get an average of 16% wire length improvement on PAFLO in reasonable CPU time.
文摘An algorithm of path based timing optimization by buffer insertion is presented.The algorithm adopts a high order model to estimate interconnect delay and a nonlinear delay model based on look up table for gate delay estimation.And heuristic method of buffer insertion is presented to reduce delay.The algorithm is tested by industral circuit case.Experimental results show that the algorithm can optimize the timing of circuit efficiently and the timing constraint is satisfied.
文摘Porous ZnO films are synthesized by inorganic chelating sol-gel method,which is a novel sol-gel technique using zinc nitrate as starting materials and citric acid as the chelating reagent.The crystal structure,surface morphology,porous and optical properties of the deposited films are investigated.X-ray diffraction pattern analysis shows that crystal structure of the ZnO films is hexagonal wurtzite.Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows that the ZnO film is porous.The curve of pore size distribution has two peak values at about 2.02nm and 4.97nm and BET surface area of the ZnO film is 27.57m2/g.In addition,the transmittance spectrum gives a high transmittance of 85% in the visible region and optical bandgap of the ZnO film (fired at 500℃) is 3.25eV.
文摘This paper focuses on exporting relational data into extensible markup language (XML). First, the characteristics of both relational schemas represented by E-R diagrams and XML document type definitions (DTDs) are analyzed. Secondly, the corresponding mapping rules are proposed. At last an algorithm based on edge tables is presented. There are two key points in the algorithm. One is that the edge table is used to store the information of the relational dictionary, and this brings about the efficiency of the algorithm. The other is that structural information can be obtained from the resulting DTDs and other applications can optimize their query processes using the structural information.
文摘An efficient parallel global router using random optimization that is independent of net ordering is proposed.Parallel approaches are described and strategies guaranteeing the routing quality are discussed.The wire length model is implemented on multiprocessor,which enables the algorithm to approach feasibility of large scale problems.Timing driven model on multiprocessor and wire length model on distributed processors are also presented.The parallel algorithm greatly reduces the run time of routing.The experimental results show good speedups with no degradation of the routing quality.
基金Undergraduate Education High land Construction Project of Shanghaithe Key Course Construction of Shanghai Education Committee (No.20075302)the Key Technology R&D Program of Shanghai Municipality (No.08160510600)
文摘In order to obtain the life information of the vacuum fluorescent display （VFD） in a short time, a model of constant stress accelerated life tests （CSALT） is established with its filament temperature increased, and four constant stress tests are conducted. The Weibull function is applied to describe the life distribution of the VFD, and the maximum likelihood estimation （MLE） and its iterative flow chart are used to calculate the shape parameters and the scale parameters. Furthermore, the accelerated life equation is determined by the least square method, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test is performed to verify whether the VFD life meets the Weibull distribution or not, and selfdeveloped software is employed to predict the average life and the reliable life. Statistical data analysis results demonstrate that the test plans are feasible and versatile, that the VFD life follows the Weibull distribution, and that the VFD accelerated model satisfies the linear Arrhenius equation. The proposed method and the estimated life information of the VFD can provide some significant guideline to its manufacturers and customers.
文摘In order to rapidly respond to the complex and mutational market, a new facility layout plan based on cellular manufacturing is proposed, which gives consideration to high efficiency and flexibility. The plan designs two phases of integrated cell layout, i.e., cell construction and cell system layout, on the condition of adding/removing machines. First, in view of the costs of logics and machine-relocation, the cell construction based on the alternative processing routes and intra-cell layout are integrated as a whole, which achieves cell formation, process planning and the intra-cell layout in a single step. Secondly, an approach of a continuous optimized multi-line layout for solving the cell system layout problem is proposed, which eliminates the coupling relationship from the machine-relocation and realizes an integrated design of the two phases of the cell layout. An application based on real factory data is optimally solved by the Matlab 7.0 software to validate and verify the models.
