Ideological and political education is the core of quality education. In order to better impart knowledge and educate students, teachers should put ideological and political education into the teaching practice. This ...Ideological and political education is the core of quality education. In order to better impart knowledge and educate students, teachers should put ideological and political education into the teaching practice. This paper attempts to discuss the issue of how teachers of comprehensive English course carry out ideological education by making good use of the teaching materials.展开更多
Based on the questionnaires and interviews, this paper, in terms of target needs and learning needs, analyses the needs of professional development of the middle school English teachers in rural areas of western China...Based on the questionnaires and interviews, this paper, in terms of target needs and learning needs, analyses the needs of professional development of the middle school English teachers in rural areas of western China. The analysis shows that all the subjects need to improve the Basic English language skills and knowledge. In-service training and retraining are the effective ways to help develop their professionalism, but due to the limitations of all kinds of obstacles, their learning needs cannot be met. Only by the concerted efforts by the society and the teachers themselves, the problems arising in their professional development can be solved.展开更多
The aim of this research is to study the impact of auditor reputation and audit opinion on earnings management in French banks. This article used a sample of 162 French banks over the period from 2005 to 2012. By usin...The aim of this research is to study the impact of auditor reputation and audit opinion on earnings management in French banks. This article used a sample of 162 French banks over the period from 2005 to 2012. By using three different tests (loss-avoidance, just-meeting-or-beating prior year's earnings, and abnormal loan loss provision), the findings of this paper show that both high auditor reputation and qualified audit opinion constrain earnings management to avoid loss or to just meet or beat prior year's earnings in banks. In separate tests related to earnings management through abnormal loan loss provisions, the paper also finds that high auditor reputation constrains earnings management. Qualified audit opinion has a negative but non-significant effect on abnormal loan loss provisions.展开更多
The 3400-3600 MHz band is one of the most important candidate frequency bands for the rollout of 5 G system. However, the coexistence between 5 G system and fixed-satellite service(FSS) in this frequency band is one o...The 3400-3600 MHz band is one of the most important candidate frequency bands for the rollout of 5 G system. However, the coexistence between 5 G system and fixed-satellite service(FSS) in this frequency band is one of the most challenging problems for both academic researchers and industry engineers. In this paper, the saturation interference from 5 G base stations to the existing FSS above 3600 MHz is analyzed and the coexistence solution is achieved, which can reduce the interference and guarantee the coexistence between 5 G system and FSS. Furthermore, the Monte Carlo simulation, laboratory test and field test are carried out to verify the coexistence solution.Results show that an isolation distance of 1-2 km is required to avoid the saturation interference in terms of the adjacent bands scenario.To further reduce the isolation distance to 50 m, additional isolation of 35 dB will be necessary, which can be fulfilled by installing a filter at the input port of LNB from a real implementation perspective.展开更多
The aim of the paper is to describe the literary competence of teachers as a dimension of the knowledge for the teaching, which can be extended to all aspects of the professional teacher transformation. Among the vari...The aim of the paper is to describe the literary competence of teachers as a dimension of the knowledge for the teaching, which can be extended to all aspects of the professional teacher transformation. Among the various knowledge, competences, and dispositions the shape its legacy, the literary competence becomes the main turning point between pedagogical knowledge and specialized knowledge, between core and characterizing disciplines. The literary competence lives in the intersection between different kinds of competence (linguistic competence, communication competence, reading competence, writing competences, interpretive competence, discursive competence, cultural competence, cross-cultural competence, pragmatic and strategic competence and social competence). The approach offers a framework for pedagogy of the literary competence in the teacher training as substantial experience and expertise able to increase the professional repertoire of teachers in training fields. This paper provides food for thought for enrichment and enhancement of the literary competence and its use in teaching.展开更多
Instructional planning gives teachers control over teaching/learning process and assures learning achievement. However, instructional planning and the linkage to learning achievement remain deficient in literature. Th...Instructional planning gives teachers control over teaching/learning process and assures learning achievement. However, instructional planning and the linkage to learning achievement remain deficient in literature. This study assessed factors influencing teachers' decision to plan lessons, and effect of lesson planning on learning achievement. Primary data were obtained from 341 teachers of business studies. Bivariate analysis obtained cross-tabulations with Chisquare (χ2) and One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA); while multivariate analysis obtained β coefficients and odds ratios. The study found that average workload accounted for the highest variance in the availability of lesson plans at 8.5%, suggesting that reducing workload is likely to increase the proportion of those planning their teaching by up to 8.5%, followed by professional experience (7.6%), lesson plan inspection frequency (6.9%), professional training (5.9%), administrative duties (5.8%), and teacher motivation (4.7%). The adjusted regression model explained 46.5% of variance in availability of lesson plans. The study recommends: higher budgetary allocation for Teachers' Service Commission to hire more teachers; school boards to generate supplementary resources and hire trained teachers; regular spot checks on lesson plans; and appropriate motivation for teachers.展开更多
English practice teaching has outstanding superiority over the extension and supplementation of English classroom teaching, and practice teaching is an indispensably important part of college English teaching. To stud...English practice teaching has outstanding superiority over the extension and supplementation of English classroom teaching, and practice teaching is an indispensably important part of college English teaching. To students, cultivation of the ability of practice is vital, affecting students' employment and future. To universities, teaching quality has a direct impact on the development prospect of schools and decides the future of schools. Moreover, local normal universities also undertake a more important task to cultivate local high-quality talents teaching primary and junior high schools. These teaching talents undertake the great task of English teaching over primary and junior high school students, and thus the construction and implementation of practice teaching system of English major in normal universities are urgent.展开更多
The present paper examines an EFL/ESL teacher's potential in generating and developing his/her own knowledge base and theories of teaching and learning independent of the knowledge base manufactured by the "experts...The present paper examines an EFL/ESL teacher's potential in generating and developing his/her own knowledge base and theories of teaching and learning independent of the knowledge base manufactured by the "experts" in those fields. It also makes an effort to pave the way for them to go beyond the edge and advance towards an innovation that deviates from simple, certain, controlled and established ways of teaching and conducting researches towards complex, uncertain and less-controlled ones. It scrutinizes how instead of simply testing, "idealizing and reifying" the traditional, already established literature, an EFL/ESL teacher takes it as a point of departure in order to develop their own framework based on their practical experiences. The readymade professional theories and pedagogies are mostly generalizations--sometimes overgeneralizations---of the patrons of certain ideology to privilege a certain political or cultural group to place it over others. This usually sets barrier to an individual teacher's professional development since they are often set back from "theorizing what they practice and practice what they theorize" denying his/her idiosyncratic knowledge base that is convincingly capable of helping him/her grow professionally. It also leads to denying the teachers' and learners' socio-politico-cultural faiths that mould up a person as a whole. However, this paper also recognizes the traditional knowledge base as the ground for individual teachers to leap offand advance towards innovation.展开更多
Learning community is an important approach to the professional development of foreign language teachers in colleges and universities. Based on the concept of professional development community, this paper analyzes th...Learning community is an important approach to the professional development of foreign language teachers in colleges and universities. Based on the concept of professional development community, this paper analyzes the common connotation and classification of foreign language teachers' professional development community, and constructs the model and forming mechanism of foreign language teachers' professional development community, aiming at providing enlightenment and reference for the professional development of foreign language teachers in colleges and universities展开更多
For most universities and colleges in China, literary theory is taught at the graduate level of literary studies. Most English teachers think literary theory is such a complex field with jargon-ridden disciplines and ...For most universities and colleges in China, literary theory is taught at the graduate level of literary studies. Most English teachers think literary theory is such a complex field with jargon-ridden disciplines and concepts that it is often considered as "a hot potato" in classroom teaching. Based on a case study from "Approaching Fiction" in China Youth University of Political Studies (CYUPS), the present paper claims that application of literary theory in teaching literature not only greatly broadens students' horizon but also deepens their interpretation and understanding of literary works. With proper selection of teaching material and carefully designed teaching approaches, application of critical theory plays an increasingly important role in the undergraduate literature classroom.展开更多
The importance of teacher talk in EFL (English as a foreign language) class has aroused much attention in China since the late 1990s. On a basis of classroom discourse analysis, this paper has observed 14 courses wi...The importance of teacher talk in EFL (English as a foreign language) class has aroused much attention in China since the late 1990s. On a basis of classroom discourse analysis, this paper has observed 14 courses with 21 hours in total from advanced and fundamental grades in an English department. The classroom observation has been transcribed to analyze the features of teacher talk in various English courses in terms of five dimensions--discourse quantity, questioning types, feedback manners, interactional modification features, and conversation chains, It is found that on average there is significant difference in those five dimensions between fundamental and advanced courses. In terms of discourse quantity, the teacher talk has occupied more than 80% of the total talk amount and the total teacher talk in advanced courses is more than that in fundamental ones; the number of display questions is much more than that of referential questions; evaluative feedbacks are more than discursive ones; all of the teachers prefer to employ confirmation checks to modify students' answer, and half of the conversational chains are IRF (Initial-Response-Follow-up) structure while another half are full of complicated chains. The paper then provides some suggestions and implications for EFL teaching in the light of these findings.展开更多
Being professional teacher is a process of acting and self empowering of teachers collectively and continuously. A teacher is not merely transferring knowledges and subject matters to the students but also internalizi...Being professional teacher is a process of acting and self empowering of teachers collectively and continuously. A teacher is not merely transferring knowledges and subject matters to the students but also internalizing the values; professionalism, knowledge laedership, community empowerment, etc. Partnership, professional development, and learning community are possibly gained by the teachers through lesson study implementasion interconnectedly and mutually. This paper aims at elaborating on the experience of State Junior High School 1 Srandakan Bantul Yogyakarta in implementing lesson study as a break-through to enhance the teachers' professional development incorporating the three mechanisms of lesson study. This school has conducted lesson study for about three years. The study resulted that 80 percent of teachers achieve their competence in planning, doing, and reflecting the lesson through observing other teachers performance and being observed interchangeably.展开更多
An accounting professional is called a "Certified Public Accountant Financial Advisor (CPAFA)" in Turkey and the profession has a notable status in the country. Individuals choosing this profession have to complet...An accounting professional is called a "Certified Public Accountant Financial Advisor (CPAFA)" in Turkey and the profession has a notable status in the country. Individuals choosing this profession have to complete a minimum 3-year internship program before becoming members of this profession. They have to pass an exam both to start and finish the internship program. The profession and the reasons for choosing it are highly significant issues. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the factors directing the professional choices of prospective individuals who wish to be CPAFAs and the significance of such factors. Along with these objectives, a nation-wide study was conducted on candidates who took the CPAFA internship exam in periods of 2012-3, 2013-1, and 2013-2 (three periods). The factors affecting candidates' choices to be an accountant professional were gathered under five groups. The factors "influence of immediate surroundings", "prestigious social status of the profession", "high life-long income potential", "flexible working hours", and "future guarantee of the profession" had higher factor loadings than other factors.展开更多
文摘Ideological and political education is the core of quality education. In order to better impart knowledge and educate students, teachers should put ideological and political education into the teaching practice. This paper attempts to discuss the issue of how teachers of comprehensive English course carry out ideological education by making good use of the teaching materials.
文摘Based on the questionnaires and interviews, this paper, in terms of target needs and learning needs, analyses the needs of professional development of the middle school English teachers in rural areas of western China. The analysis shows that all the subjects need to improve the Basic English language skills and knowledge. In-service training and retraining are the effective ways to help develop their professionalism, but due to the limitations of all kinds of obstacles, their learning needs cannot be met. Only by the concerted efforts by the society and the teachers themselves, the problems arising in their professional development can be solved.
文摘The aim of this research is to study the impact of auditor reputation and audit opinion on earnings management in French banks. This article used a sample of 162 French banks over the period from 2005 to 2012. By using three different tests (loss-avoidance, just-meeting-or-beating prior year's earnings, and abnormal loan loss provision), the findings of this paper show that both high auditor reputation and qualified audit opinion constrain earnings management to avoid loss or to just meet or beat prior year's earnings in banks. In separate tests related to earnings management through abnormal loan loss provisions, the paper also finds that high auditor reputation constrains earnings management. Qualified audit opinion has a negative but non-significant effect on abnormal loan loss provisions.
基金partly supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (Grant No. 61525101, 61631003)
文摘The 3400-3600 MHz band is one of the most important candidate frequency bands for the rollout of 5 G system. However, the coexistence between 5 G system and fixed-satellite service(FSS) in this frequency band is one of the most challenging problems for both academic researchers and industry engineers. In this paper, the saturation interference from 5 G base stations to the existing FSS above 3600 MHz is analyzed and the coexistence solution is achieved, which can reduce the interference and guarantee the coexistence between 5 G system and FSS. Furthermore, the Monte Carlo simulation, laboratory test and field test are carried out to verify the coexistence solution.Results show that an isolation distance of 1-2 km is required to avoid the saturation interference in terms of the adjacent bands scenario.To further reduce the isolation distance to 50 m, additional isolation of 35 dB will be necessary, which can be fulfilled by installing a filter at the input port of LNB from a real implementation perspective.
文摘The aim of the paper is to describe the literary competence of teachers as a dimension of the knowledge for the teaching, which can be extended to all aspects of the professional teacher transformation. Among the various knowledge, competences, and dispositions the shape its legacy, the literary competence becomes the main turning point between pedagogical knowledge and specialized knowledge, between core and characterizing disciplines. The literary competence lives in the intersection between different kinds of competence (linguistic competence, communication competence, reading competence, writing competences, interpretive competence, discursive competence, cultural competence, cross-cultural competence, pragmatic and strategic competence and social competence). The approach offers a framework for pedagogy of the literary competence in the teacher training as substantial experience and expertise able to increase the professional repertoire of teachers in training fields. This paper provides food for thought for enrichment and enhancement of the literary competence and its use in teaching.
文摘Instructional planning gives teachers control over teaching/learning process and assures learning achievement. However, instructional planning and the linkage to learning achievement remain deficient in literature. This study assessed factors influencing teachers' decision to plan lessons, and effect of lesson planning on learning achievement. Primary data were obtained from 341 teachers of business studies. Bivariate analysis obtained cross-tabulations with Chisquare (χ2) and One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA); while multivariate analysis obtained β coefficients and odds ratios. The study found that average workload accounted for the highest variance in the availability of lesson plans at 8.5%, suggesting that reducing workload is likely to increase the proportion of those planning their teaching by up to 8.5%, followed by professional experience (7.6%), lesson plan inspection frequency (6.9%), professional training (5.9%), administrative duties (5.8%), and teacher motivation (4.7%). The adjusted regression model explained 46.5% of variance in availability of lesson plans. The study recommends: higher budgetary allocation for Teachers' Service Commission to hire more teachers; school boards to generate supplementary resources and hire trained teachers; regular spot checks on lesson plans; and appropriate motivation for teachers.
文摘English practice teaching has outstanding superiority over the extension and supplementation of English classroom teaching, and practice teaching is an indispensably important part of college English teaching. To students, cultivation of the ability of practice is vital, affecting students' employment and future. To universities, teaching quality has a direct impact on the development prospect of schools and decides the future of schools. Moreover, local normal universities also undertake a more important task to cultivate local high-quality talents teaching primary and junior high schools. These teaching talents undertake the great task of English teaching over primary and junior high school students, and thus the construction and implementation of practice teaching system of English major in normal universities are urgent.
文摘The present paper examines an EFL/ESL teacher's potential in generating and developing his/her own knowledge base and theories of teaching and learning independent of the knowledge base manufactured by the "experts" in those fields. It also makes an effort to pave the way for them to go beyond the edge and advance towards an innovation that deviates from simple, certain, controlled and established ways of teaching and conducting researches towards complex, uncertain and less-controlled ones. It scrutinizes how instead of simply testing, "idealizing and reifying" the traditional, already established literature, an EFL/ESL teacher takes it as a point of departure in order to develop their own framework based on their practical experiences. The readymade professional theories and pedagogies are mostly generalizations--sometimes overgeneralizations---of the patrons of certain ideology to privilege a certain political or cultural group to place it over others. This usually sets barrier to an individual teacher's professional development since they are often set back from "theorizing what they practice and practice what they theorize" denying his/her idiosyncratic knowledge base that is convincingly capable of helping him/her grow professionally. It also leads to denying the teachers' and learners' socio-politico-cultural faiths that mould up a person as a whole. However, this paper also recognizes the traditional knowledge base as the ground for individual teachers to leap offand advance towards innovation.
文摘Learning community is an important approach to the professional development of foreign language teachers in colleges and universities. Based on the concept of professional development community, this paper analyzes the common connotation and classification of foreign language teachers' professional development community, and constructs the model and forming mechanism of foreign language teachers' professional development community, aiming at providing enlightenment and reference for the professional development of foreign language teachers in colleges and universities
文摘For most universities and colleges in China, literary theory is taught at the graduate level of literary studies. Most English teachers think literary theory is such a complex field with jargon-ridden disciplines and concepts that it is often considered as "a hot potato" in classroom teaching. Based on a case study from "Approaching Fiction" in China Youth University of Political Studies (CYUPS), the present paper claims that application of literary theory in teaching literature not only greatly broadens students' horizon but also deepens their interpretation and understanding of literary works. With proper selection of teaching material and carefully designed teaching approaches, application of critical theory plays an increasingly important role in the undergraduate literature classroom.
文摘The importance of teacher talk in EFL (English as a foreign language) class has aroused much attention in China since the late 1990s. On a basis of classroom discourse analysis, this paper has observed 14 courses with 21 hours in total from advanced and fundamental grades in an English department. The classroom observation has been transcribed to analyze the features of teacher talk in various English courses in terms of five dimensions--discourse quantity, questioning types, feedback manners, interactional modification features, and conversation chains, It is found that on average there is significant difference in those five dimensions between fundamental and advanced courses. In terms of discourse quantity, the teacher talk has occupied more than 80% of the total talk amount and the total teacher talk in advanced courses is more than that in fundamental ones; the number of display questions is much more than that of referential questions; evaluative feedbacks are more than discursive ones; all of the teachers prefer to employ confirmation checks to modify students' answer, and half of the conversational chains are IRF (Initial-Response-Follow-up) structure while another half are full of complicated chains. The paper then provides some suggestions and implications for EFL teaching in the light of these findings.
文摘Being professional teacher is a process of acting and self empowering of teachers collectively and continuously. A teacher is not merely transferring knowledges and subject matters to the students but also internalizing the values; professionalism, knowledge laedership, community empowerment, etc. Partnership, professional development, and learning community are possibly gained by the teachers through lesson study implementasion interconnectedly and mutually. This paper aims at elaborating on the experience of State Junior High School 1 Srandakan Bantul Yogyakarta in implementing lesson study as a break-through to enhance the teachers' professional development incorporating the three mechanisms of lesson study. This school has conducted lesson study for about three years. The study resulted that 80 percent of teachers achieve their competence in planning, doing, and reflecting the lesson through observing other teachers performance and being observed interchangeably.
文摘An accounting professional is called a "Certified Public Accountant Financial Advisor (CPAFA)" in Turkey and the profession has a notable status in the country. Individuals choosing this profession have to complete a minimum 3-year internship program before becoming members of this profession. They have to pass an exam both to start and finish the internship program. The profession and the reasons for choosing it are highly significant issues. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the factors directing the professional choices of prospective individuals who wish to be CPAFAs and the significance of such factors. Along with these objectives, a nation-wide study was conducted on candidates who took the CPAFA internship exam in periods of 2012-3, 2013-1, and 2013-2 (three periods). The factors affecting candidates' choices to be an accountant professional were gathered under five groups. The factors "influence of immediate surroundings", "prestigious social status of the profession", "high life-long income potential", "flexible working hours", and "future guarantee of the profession" had higher factor loadings than other factors.