Combination of Daur Clothing Decorative Art and Modern Fashion Design

On today＇s clothes market and international fashion stage, the dress adornment elements of ethnic minorities have always deeply impressed design masters, received great attention and, are constantly surprising fashion designers. China is a country with multiple ethnic minorities, which have extremely rich ethnic minority dresses and adornment elements. On studying the major dress adornment elements of the Daur, a typical ethnic minority in northern China, we have discovered their strong ethnic features. The major dress adornment elements of the Daur were with the purpose to explore and continue traditions. Combining the modern faskion design with the delicate decorative art that the Daur people sew various laces and embroideries on their dresses, was to discover and use the essence of Chinese ethnic dress and adornments, and demonstrate the talent of ethnic minorities in clothes design. Given what have been founded, combined with the application of modern design methods, the adornment elements of ethnic dresses can represent their ethnic characteristics as well as reflecting the sense of the modern age.

Meeting Engineering Program Objectives through Service Learning Opportunities in Developing Countries

The civil engineering profession, in an adaptive reaction to emerging roles for civil engineers, is recognizing the need for new engineers to possess a more robust skill set than just the typical design background. This paper describes the efforts of Clemson Engineers for Developing Countries （CEDC） to fulfill the more nontraditional and often unaddressed ＂learning outcomes＂ noted by ASCE＇s Civil Engineering Body of Knowledge lbr the 21st Century as important prerequisites for licensure. The learning outcomes are addressed through ongoing international service learning projects in Cange, Haiti. The paper focuses on the following four outcomes and their fulfillment methods： leadership, globalization, teamwork, and communications. The student led organization has allowed students to set up their own fundraising mechanisms, to seek out members to join design review boards, and to develop their own project objectives. This level of student autonomy is n,3ted as key to ensuring that students achieve competency in these four areas.

Measuring Audit Firms＇ Intellectual Capital as a Determinant of Audit Quality： A Suggested Model

The intellectual capital is a main source of competing advantage. Many studies developed measure（s） of intellectual capital of industrial and service firms. Few studies have tried to develop a reliable measure of intellectual capital in audit firms. This study extends the current models to provide more insight into the role of intellectual capital in audit firms. The aim of this study is to develop a quantitative model to measure audit firms＇ intellectual capital. The suggested model can be used to explore the relationship between the intellectual capital in audit firms and audit quality. The model combines the main components of intellectual capital （human capital, structural capital, and relational capital）. The suggested model provides a tool that may help to better manage the intellectual capital in audit firms. As this is a theoretical study, a number of hypotheses are presented for testing in the future.

Impact of Pharmacist Insulin Management on Hemoglobin Alc in Outpatient Hospital Clinic Setting

To assess the efficacy of pharmacist lead insulin management in improvement of HbAlc. Patients were referred to the LMttS （Licking Memorial Health Systems） Outpatient Medication Therapy Insulin Clinic by their physician during the time periods of July 2012 through March 2013 and August 2014 through December 2014. Physician authorization permitted pharmacists to provide clinical monitoring in order to evaluate and adjust insulin, GLP-I agonist and amylin mimetic doses by adhering to approved dosing guidelines and policy and procedures. Hemoglobin Atc values were obtained from the patients electronic medical records. Patients achieved an average decrease in HbAlc of 0.8 percentage points over a mean of 83 days. Pharmacist insulin management is an innovative pharmacy service through which clinical pharmacists can have an impact on patients＇ HbAtc.

Mathematics Knowledge of Proof in Geometry： Pre-Service Teachers＇ Perspectives

This article is based on research on pre-service teachers＇ perspectives on their mathematics knowledge of proof in geometry. The study was framed using tile mathematical knowledge for teaching framework. This qualitative study employed the use of a task-based worksheet, focus group sessions and semi-structured individual interviews. The task-based worksheet was completed by 180 pre-service mathematics teachers （second, third and fourth year mathematics education students）. Pre-service mathematics teachers are student teachers who have not yet completed their training to become teachers. After the analysis of the task-based worksheet, 20 participants were invited to participate in focus group sessions and individual interviews. The findings of the study reveal that the participants possess peripheral mathematics knowledge of proof in geometry. The study aims at assisting pre-service teachers and interested educationists to explore innovative methods of acquiring and imparting mathematics knowledge of proof in geometry. The study proposes possible changes in curriculum at school and university level.

情、礼之间的取舍:宋代士人为师制服的实践情形

师丧无服,是《礼记》以礼约情的规范。这一规范,经郑玄注解后,师服为吊服加麻的无服制规范逐渐被学者认同。至唐官修《礼记正义》,官方继续对之认同。宋代,在师道复兴的影响下,士人为师制服的行为兴起,他们倾向于依师恩之深浅称情制服,所行师服并不一定是吊服加麻。至晚宋,朱熹一脉对吊服加麻服的关注及践行,呈现了依礼规范师服的尝试。要言之,宋代士人为师制服的诸多实践,显示出他们在情、礼之间的不同取舍。

Assessment of the quality of randomized controlled trials on pharmaceutical care for asthmatic patients in journals of China's Mainland

The objective of this study was to assess the quality of randomized controlled trials（RCTs） on pharmaceutical care for asthma tic patients conducted by pharmacists in China's Mainland, to identify the problems in current studies, and to provide some references for further studies. The China National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI）, Wanfang Database, and VIP Database were searched for randomized controlled trials on pharmaceutical care for asthma tic patients, and only those studies undertaken by pharmacists were included. Information about the study design and reporting of selected studies was extracted and collected to systematically analyze these studies. Meanwhile, the Cochrane Collaboration＇s tool for assessing risk of bias was used to assess potential biases related to these studies. Ultimately, 14 articles were included in this study. No study determined the sample size in a scientific way. No article reported a scientific and detailed method of random sequence generation or allocation concealment. Two（14.3%） studies claimed to have implemented a double-blinding and a single-blinding respectively, but neither of them reported any details about how they performed the blinding. No study employed a blinding of outcome assessment. Five（35.7%） studies either stated statistical methods incompletely or used them incorrectly. One（7.1%） study reported an attrition without employing an intention-to-treat analysis. All studies reported eligibility criteria for participants to some extent, and all these criteria involved diagnosis of asthma, but only four（28.6%） of them reported patients＇ ages and three（21.4%） described the severity and the stage of asthma. Nine（64.3%） reported baseline data in the text rather than in a table, and 13（92.9%） involved comparisons between groups with significance tests either explicitly or implicitly. No report made a distinction between primary and secondary outcomes. Two（14.3%） mentioned informed consent of subjects, while no article reported ethical approval. ＂Unclear risk＂ made up the highest percentage of the studies analyzed according to the risk of bias assessment by the Cochrane Collaboration＇s tool. Our study demonstrates that the quality of RCTs on pharmaceutical care for asthma tic patients conducted by Chinese pharmacists is suboptimal, especially with regards to study design and reporti ng.

Pharmaceutical practice and value of pharmacists under the new medical reform situation

Zero addition of drugs is an important aspect of medication reformation in the whole country, which is the end of the era of medicine. The role of pharmacists is changing from being medication dispensers to outcome-oriented and patient-focused care providers. However, it is still unclear how to play the role of pharmacists and carry out the related work in the new situation. Here, literature for relevant evidence was searched and summarized. Analysis results showed that there was a significant gap between pharmacy practice in China and developed countries. Evidence has supported pharmacists in their emerging role as care providers, that is available to improve the efficacy and quality of pharmaceutical care and ensure the safety of medicines for patients, but still more efforts are needed to promote new attitude toward more professional career, such as paying attention to the examination of outpatient prescription and medical orders, deeply clinical practice and individualized treatment, self-enhancement and public awareness of pharmacists. Collectively, the safety of patients can be ensured only by improving profession of pharmacists and showing the value of pharmacists. In doing so, pharmacy can develop rapidly, and pharmaceutical care with rational drug use can be realized.