带蒂颊脂垫组织瓣移植修复颊黏膜缺损的应用及其愈合效果

目的探讨带蒂颊脂垫组织瓣移植在颊黏膜缺损修复中的应用及愈合效果。方法选择2015年8月~2017年8月冀中能源峰峰集团总医院收治的颊黏膜缺损患者90例,根据修复方案分为对照组(45例)和观察组(45例)。对照组采用舌瓣修复手术治疗,观察组采用自体带蒂颊脂垫组织瓣移植治疗,两组均进行3个月修复,修复完毕后对修复效果进行评估。记录并统计两组修复前和修复后1、2、3个月缺损创面直径;记录并统计两组修复后3个月组织瓣坏死、开口受限、舌运动障碍及水肿发生率,比较两组修复效果及对愈合效果的影响。结果观察组与对照组修复前缺损创面直径比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组与对照组修复后1、2、3个月缺损创面均小于修复前(P<0.05);观察组修复后1、2、3个月缺损创面均小于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组带蒂颊脂垫组织瓣移植修复后3个月组织瓣坏死、开口受限、舌运动障碍及水肿发生率均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论带蒂颊脂垫组织瓣移植用于颊黏膜缺损修复中效果理想,能缩短缺损创面直径,术后并发症发生率较低,值得推广应用。

Clinical application and histological observation of pedicled buccal fat pad grafting

OBJECTIVE: To introduce the applied anatomy of pedicled buccal fat pad (BFP) graft and a series of histological changes in the healing process of BFP as an uncovered pedicled graft. METHODS: The healing processes of BFP are demonstrated via uncovered pedicled grafts on rabbits in histological examination. Uncovered buccal fat pads were used to repair soft tissue defects in rabbit oral cavities. RESULTS: The uncovered buccal fat pads showed complete epithelialization of their oral surfaces at 6 to 8 weeks after surgery and were slowly replaced by fibrous tissue. CONCLUSIONS: Advantages of the pedicled buccal fat pad graft include an anatomic region that is consistent and easy to excise. The operation can be performed in one incision, affecting neither appearance nor function of the area. Use of the buccal fat pad provides a good reconstruction of soft tissue defects in the mouth.