目的:探讨责任护士常白班排班模式对妇产科护理质量及患者满意度的影响。方法:选取2016年1月1日~12月 31日妇产科护士32名设为对照组,采用传统排班模式。选取2017年1月1日~12月31日妇产科护士33名设为观察组,采用常白班排班模式。比较...目的:探讨责任护士常白班排班模式对妇产科护理质量及患者满意度的影响。方法:选取2016年1月1日~12月 31日妇产科护士32名设为对照组,采用传统排班模式。选取2017年1月1日~12月31日妇产科护士33名设为观察组,采用常白班排班模式。比较建立常白班排班模式前后护士心理状态、护士工作满意度及患者满意度。结果:建立常白班排班模式前后护士心理状态、护士工作满意度及患者满意度比较差异有统计学意义( P <0.05)。结论:责任护士常白班排班模式在妇产科护理质量管理中应用效果显著,能有效改善护士心理状态,提高护士工作满意度和患者满意度。展开更多
The temporal variability and spatial pattern of the Arctic Oscillation(AO)simulated in the historical experiment of26 coupled climate models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5(CMIP5)are...The temporal variability and spatial pattern of the Arctic Oscillation(AO)simulated in the historical experiment of26 coupled climate models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5(CMIP5)are evaluated.Spectral analysis of the monthly AO index indicates that 23 out of the 26 CMIP5 models exhibit no statistically significant spectral peak in the historical experiment,as seen in the observations.These models are able to reproduce the AO pattern in the sea level pressure anomaly field during boreal winter,but the intensity of the AO pattern tends to be overestimated in all the models.The zonal-mean zonal wind anomalies associated with the AO is dominated by a meridional dipole in the mid-high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere during boreal winter,which is well reproduced by only a few models.Most models show significant biases in both strength and location of the dipole compared to the observation.In considering the temporal variability as well as spatial structures in both horizontal and vertical directions,the MPI-ESM-P model reproduces an AO pattern that resembles the observation the best.展开更多
A zonal teleconnection has been found along the Asian jet over the Eurasian continent during summer. In this study, the authors investigated circulation anomalies in the extratropics, in particular for the zonal telec...A zonal teleconnection has been found along the Asian jet over the Eurasian continent during summer. In this study, the authors investigated circulation anomalies in the extratropics, in particular for the zonal teleconnection, under different combinations of subtropical convection anomalies over the northern Indian continent （IND） and the westem North Pacific （WNP）. The outof-phase configuration （i.e., stronger （weaker） IND convection and weaker （stronger） WNP convection） was found to be more common than the in-phase configuration （i.e., stronger （weaker） IND convection and stronger （weaker） WNP convection）, which is consistent with previous results. Composite results indicated that circulation anomalies for out-of-phase configurations of 30-60-day convection oscillations are much stronger in the middle latitudes than those for in-phase configurations. In addition, zonal teleconnection patterns are predominant for the out-of-phase configurations, particularly for the configuration of strong IND convection and weak WNP convec- tion; however, they are either weak or obscure for the in-phase configurations. These results suggest that the zonal teleconnection pattem along the Asian jet is dependent on different combinations of the 1ND and WNP subtropical convection anomalies.展开更多
During phase II of the Regional Climate Model Inter-comparison Project （RMIP） for Asia, the Asian climate was estimated from July 1988 to December 1998 using six climate models. In this paper, the abilities of six c...During phase II of the Regional Climate Model Inter-comparison Project （RMIP） for Asia, the Asian climate was estimated from July 1988 to December 1998 using six climate models. In this paper, the abilities of six climate models to simulate several important ex- treme climate events in China during the last years of the last century were analyzed. The modeled results for the intensity of the precipitation anomaly over the Yang- tze-Huaihe Valley during the summers of 1991 and 1998 were weaker than the observed values. The positive pre- cipitation anomaly responsible for a catastrophic flood in 1991 was well reproduced in almost all simulation results, but the intensity and range of the precipitation anomaly in 1998 were weaker in the modeled results. The spatial dis- tribution of extreme climate events in 1997, when severe drought affected North China and flood impacted South China, was reproduced by most of the regional models because the anomaly of the large-scale background field was well-simulated, despite poor simulation of high temperature areas in the north during the summer by all models.展开更多
The simulated sea surface temperature anomaly(SSTA)over the tropical Pacific during El Ni?o–Southern Oscillation(ENSO)is investigated in three representative coupled models:CESM1-CAM5,FGOALS-s2,and FGOALS-g2.It is fo...The simulated sea surface temperature anomaly(SSTA)over the tropical Pacific during El Ni?o–Southern Oscillation(ENSO)is investigated in three representative coupled models:CESM1-CAM5,FGOALS-s2,and FGOALS-g2.It is found that there is a significant westward shift bias in reproducing the zonal distribution(ZD)of the ENSO-related SSTA in CESM1-CAM5 and FGOALS-s2,whereas the SSTA-ZD simulated by FGOALS-g2 is relatively realistic.Through examining the SSTA-ZD during both warm and cold phases of ENSO separately,the authors reveal that the SSTA-ZD simulation bias during the ENSO cycle mainly lies in the bias during the warm phase.It is noted that both the simulated zonal wind stress anomaly(τ’_x)and shortwave heat flux(SW)anomaly exhibit westward shift biases in CESM1-CAM5 and FGOALS-s2,while the counterparts in FGOALS-g2 are relatively reasonable.The westward shift biases in representingτ’_x and the SW anomaly(SWA)are attributed to the westward-shifted precipitation anomaly(PrA).It is suggested that the mean SST cold bias over the cold tongue region is the key factor behind the westward-shift bias in simulating the El Ni?o-related PrA,which leads to the westward-shiftedτ’_x and SWA.Collectively,the aforementioned anomaly fields,including the dynamic part(τ’_x)and thermodynamic part(SWA),contribute to the westward-shift bias in simulating the El Ni?o-related SSTA.This study provides clues for understanding the ZD simulation biases of ENSO-related fields;however,further in-depth investigation with more model simulations,especially the incoming CMIP6 simulations,is still needed to fully understand the ENSO SSTA-ZD simulation bias in coupled models.展开更多
The massless scalar quasiaormal modes （QNMs） of a stationary axisymmetric Einstein-Maxwell dilato-axioa （EMDA） black hole are calculated numerically using the continued fraction method first proposed by Leaver. Th...The massless scalar quasiaormal modes （QNMs） of a stationary axisymmetric Einstein-Maxwell dilato-axioa （EMDA） black hole are calculated numerically using the continued fraction method first proposed by Leaver. The fundamental quasinormal frequencies （slowly damped QNMs） are obtained and the peculiar behaviours of them are studied. It is shown that these frequencies depend on the dilaton parameter D, the rotational parameter a, the multiple moment l and the azimuthal number m, and have the same values with other authors at the Schwarzschild and Kerr limit.展开更多
We presented a novel framework for automatic behavior clustering and unsupervised anomaly detection in a large video set. The framework consisted of the following key components： 1 ） Drawing from natural language pr...We presented a novel framework for automatic behavior clustering and unsupervised anomaly detection in a large video set. The framework consisted of the following key components： 1 ） Drawing from natural language processing, we introduced a compact and effective behavior representation method as a stochastic sequence of spatiotemporal events, where we analyzed the global structural information of behaviors using their local action statistics. 2） The natural grouping of behavior patterns was discovered through a novel clustering algorithm. 3 ） A run-time accumulative anomaly measure was introduced to detect abnormal behavior, whereas normal behavior patterns were recognized when sufficient visual evidence had become available based on an online Likelihood Ratio Test （LRT） method. This ensured robust and reliable anomaly detection and normal behavior recognition at the shortest possible time. Experimental results demonstrated the effectiveness and robustness of our approach using noisy and sparse data sets collected from a real surveillance scenario.展开更多
文摘目的:探讨责任护士常白班排班模式对妇产科护理质量及患者满意度的影响。方法:选取2016年1月1日~12月 31日妇产科护士32名设为对照组,采用传统排班模式。选取2017年1月1日~12月31日妇产科护士33名设为观察组,采用常白班排班模式。比较建立常白班排班模式前后护士心理状态、护士工作满意度及患者满意度。结果:建立常白班排班模式前后护士心理状态、护士工作满意度及患者满意度比较差异有统计学意义( P <0.05)。结论:责任护士常白班排班模式在妇产科护理质量管理中应用效果显著,能有效改善护士心理状态,提高护士工作满意度和患者满意度。
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(No.2010CB950501&2010CB950404)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41205058)the China Postdoctoral Sci-ence Foundation(No.2012M510634)
文摘The temporal variability and spatial pattern of the Arctic Oscillation(AO)simulated in the historical experiment of26 coupled climate models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5(CMIP5)are evaluated.Spectral analysis of the monthly AO index indicates that 23 out of the 26 CMIP5 models exhibit no statistically significant spectral peak in the historical experiment,as seen in the observations.These models are able to reproduce the AO pattern in the sea level pressure anomaly field during boreal winter,but the intensity of the AO pattern tends to be overestimated in all the models.The zonal-mean zonal wind anomalies associated with the AO is dominated by a meridional dipole in the mid-high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere during boreal winter,which is well reproduced by only a few models.Most models show significant biases in both strength and location of the dipole compared to the observation.In considering the temporal variability as well as spatial structures in both horizontal and vertical directions,the MPI-ESM-P model reproduces an AO pattern that resembles the observation the best.
基金supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. KZCX2-YW-220)the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2006CB403601)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40725016)
文摘A zonal teleconnection has been found along the Asian jet over the Eurasian continent during summer. In this study, the authors investigated circulation anomalies in the extratropics, in particular for the zonal teleconnection, under different combinations of subtropical convection anomalies over the northern Indian continent （IND） and the westem North Pacific （WNP）. The outof-phase configuration （i.e., stronger （weaker） IND convection and weaker （stronger） WNP convection） was found to be more common than the in-phase configuration （i.e., stronger （weaker） IND convection and stronger （weaker） WNP convection）, which is consistent with previous results. Composite results indicated that circulation anomalies for out-of-phase configurations of 30-60-day convection oscillations are much stronger in the middle latitudes than those for in-phase configurations. In addition, zonal teleconnection patterns are predominant for the out-of-phase configurations, particularly for the configuration of strong IND convection and weak WNP convec- tion; however, they are either weak or obscure for the in-phase configurations. These results suggest that the zonal teleconnection pattem along the Asian jet is dependent on different combinations of the 1ND and WNP subtropical convection anomalies.
基金supported by the National Key Program for Developing Basic Sciences of China (Grant No.2009CB723904)the General Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40975048)the Innovation Key Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No.KGCX2-YW-356)
文摘During phase II of the Regional Climate Model Inter-comparison Project （RMIP） for Asia, the Asian climate was estimated from July 1988 to December 1998 using six climate models. In this paper, the abilities of six climate models to simulate several important ex- treme climate events in China during the last years of the last century were analyzed. The modeled results for the intensity of the precipitation anomaly over the Yang- tze-Huaihe Valley during the summers of 1991 and 1998 were weaker than the observed values. The positive pre- cipitation anomaly responsible for a catastrophic flood in 1991 was well reproduced in almost all simulation results, but the intensity and range of the precipitation anomaly in 1998 were weaker in the modeled results. The spatial dis- tribution of extreme climate events in 1997, when severe drought affected North China and flood impacted South China, was reproduced by most of the regional models because the anomaly of the large-scale background field was well-simulated, despite poor simulation of high temperature areas in the north during the summer by all models.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China Grant No. 2019YFC1510004Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province Grant No. BK20190781+2 种基金the General Program of Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions Grant No. 19KJB170019the open fund of State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Grant No. SKLLQG1802the LASG Open Project。
文摘The simulated sea surface temperature anomaly(SSTA)over the tropical Pacific during El Ni?o–Southern Oscillation(ENSO)is investigated in three representative coupled models:CESM1-CAM5,FGOALS-s2,and FGOALS-g2.It is found that there is a significant westward shift bias in reproducing the zonal distribution(ZD)of the ENSO-related SSTA in CESM1-CAM5 and FGOALS-s2,whereas the SSTA-ZD simulated by FGOALS-g2 is relatively realistic.Through examining the SSTA-ZD during both warm and cold phases of ENSO separately,the authors reveal that the SSTA-ZD simulation bias during the ENSO cycle mainly lies in the bias during the warm phase.It is noted that both the simulated zonal wind stress anomaly(τ’_x)and shortwave heat flux(SW)anomaly exhibit westward shift biases in CESM1-CAM5 and FGOALS-s2,while the counterparts in FGOALS-g2 are relatively reasonable.The westward shift biases in representingτ’_x and the SW anomaly(SWA)are attributed to the westward-shifted precipitation anomaly(PrA).It is suggested that the mean SST cold bias over the cold tongue region is the key factor behind the westward-shift bias in simulating the El Ni?o-related PrA,which leads to the westward-shiftedτ’_x and SWA.Collectively,the aforementioned anomaly fields,including the dynamic part(τ’_x)and thermodynamic part(SWA),contribute to the westward-shift bias in simulating the El Ni?o-related SSTA.This study provides clues for understanding the ZD simulation biases of ENSO-related fields;however,further in-depth investigation with more model simulations,especially the incoming CMIP6 simulations,is still needed to fully understand the ENSO SSTA-ZD simulation bias in coupled models.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No 10473004）, the FADEDD （Grant No 200317）, and the SRFDP （Grant No 20040542003）.
文摘The massless scalar quasiaormal modes （QNMs） of a stationary axisymmetric Einstein-Maxwell dilato-axioa （EMDA） black hole are calculated numerically using the continued fraction method first proposed by Leaver. The fundamental quasinormal frequencies （slowly damped QNMs） are obtained and the peculiar behaviours of them are studied. It is shown that these frequencies depend on the dilaton parameter D, the rotational parameter a, the multiple moment l and the azimuthal number m, and have the same values with other authors at the Schwarzschild and Kerr limit.
基金This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China （NSFC） under Grant No. 60573139 andNational Science ＆ Technology Pillar Program of China under Grant NO. 2008BAH221303.
文摘We presented a novel framework for automatic behavior clustering and unsupervised anomaly detection in a large video set. The framework consisted of the following key components： 1 ） Drawing from natural language processing, we introduced a compact and effective behavior representation method as a stochastic sequence of spatiotemporal events, where we analyzed the global structural information of behaviors using their local action statistics. 2） The natural grouping of behavior patterns was discovered through a novel clustering algorithm. 3 ） A run-time accumulative anomaly measure was introduced to detect abnormal behavior, whereas normal behavior patterns were recognized when sufficient visual evidence had become available based on an online Likelihood Ratio Test （LRT） method. This ensured robust and reliable anomaly detection and normal behavior recognition at the shortest possible time. Experimental results demonstrated the effectiveness and robustness of our approach using noisy and sparse data sets collected from a real surveillance scenario.
