不同杀青方法对黄花菜外观品质及干制率的影响研究

采用太阳能、蒸汽、微波、药物等四种不同杀青方法处理黄花菜,按照国家标准,对比研究分析其外观品质:色泽、气味、形状、肉质级别及出干率,其结果为:太阳能杀青干制的黄花菜,条色均匀,金黄,有光泽,肉质肥厚,无霉味或其它异味,级别特级,含水量10.77%.干制率13.84%最高.由此可见,太阳能杀青干制黄花菜外观品质最优,优选的最佳干制工艺为:太阳能杀青:温度60-75℃,光照强度为2800-3000lx,时间3-4h.

不同品种鲜枣自然干燥试验的研究

本文对枣果实进行了干制研究,结果表明:枣果实在干制后,可溶性糖含量显著高于鲜枣,可溶性酸含量略有提高,维生素C的损失最为严重,干枣的维生素C损失了93.0%以上;不同品种的制干率明显不同,金丝4号的制干率为63.6%,金丝3号和阳信大枣的制干率分别为47.2%和46.3%;采收期对枣的制干率和病果率也有很大影响,全红期金丝4号果实的制干率和干枣的好果率分别比半红期的果实高18.2%和9.4%,并且,全红期金丝4号果实的病果率也比半红期的病果率低。结论认为,在全红期采收枣果实进行干制,干枣的商品性最好。

枣品种果实干物质和含水量的测定与比较

鲜枣的制干率和含水量是评价一个枣品种是否优良的主要技术指标之一。笔者介绍了鲜枣干物质和自然含水量的测定方法,并对山东省滨州市21个枣品种的干物质和自然含水量进行了测定与比较,以期为广大农民优化种植结构,因地制宜种植优良枣树品种提供科学依据。

珍珠油杏杏干微波灭酶加工工艺研究

2016年对珍珠油杏杏干采取微波灭酶的加工工艺研究。结果表明,加工工艺以完全成熟尚未软化的珍珠油杏做原料;微波灭酶20秒钟,微波输出功率750w,样品质量750g;烘制方式初始温度50℃烘焙10-12小时,升温至65℃温度烘焙2-2.5小时;成品进行真空充氮包装,所制杏干成品品质为高,果型完整,色泽亮丽,香气浓郁,酸甜生津,质地柔韧,且制干率高。

阎良相枣品种特性研究

阎良相枣是地方优良制干枣良种,平均单果重9.38g,可食率96%,鲜枣含可溶性总糖21.42%,Vc3.886mg/g,制干率47%,制干品质优良,可以抗3～5d的阴雨。阎良相枣9月下旬成熟,属中晚熟品种。经多年试验表明,该品种是适宜在陕西关中东部发展的优良制干枣良种。

花椒配方施肥研究初探

对陇南市北峪河流域花椒采用随机区组设计进行配方施肥试验,通过田间试验研究了N、P配比和用量对花椒鲜重和制干率的影响。试验结果表明,配方施肥对花椒的产量和制干率均有大幅度的提高,氮、磷最优配方比为:每株花椒施N;P2O5为1:1.05,比对照的鲜重提高120%,增产效果十分显著;在施氮水平相同时,增施磷肥对花椒制干率有明显的提高,配方施肥能显著地增加产量,提高花椒制干率,达到较好地经济收益。

UWB SAR RFI SUPPRESSION BASED ON REGION OF SUPPORT IN 2-D WAVENUMBER DOMAIN

Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) degrades the quality of focused Ultra-WideBand Syn- thetic Aperture Radar (UWB SAR) images. From both the theoretical analysis and real data valida- tion, it is concluded that target echo and RFI have different Region Of Support (ROS) in 2-D fast- time wavenumber and aperture wavenumber domain. Consequently, a novel adaptive filter is pro- posed according to the Wiener optimum criterion on the distinct ROS characteristics of target echo and RFI. Compared with the notch filter and the Least Mean Square (LMS) adaptive filter in previ- ous literatures, the proposed method is more computationally efficient with satisfactory suppression results. In terms of Signal-to-Interference Ratio Improvement (SIRI) and processing time, the per- formance of the proposed adaptive filter is verified with the field data collected with a UWB SAR system.

POWER CONTROL STRATEGIES FOR MULTICHANNEL COGNITIVE WIRELESS NETWORKS WITH OPPORTUNISTIC INTERFERENCE CANCELLATION

In this letter,an Opportunistic Interference Cancellation(OIC) is first introduced as a rate control strategy for secondary user in cognitive wireless networks. Based on the OIC rate control method,an optimal power control strategy for multichannel cognitive wireless networks is proposed. The algorithm aims to maximize the total transmit rate of cognitive user through appropriately controlling the transmit power of each subchannel under the constraint that the interference temperature at the primary receiver is below a certain threshold. Three suboptimal power control methods,namely Equal Power Transmission(EPT) ,Equal Rate Transmission(ERT) and Equal Interference Transmission(EIT) ,are also proposed. The performances of the proposed power control methods are compared through numerical simulations.

‘曙光5号’和‘曙光6号’金丝小枣

‘曙光5号’(冀S-SV-ZJ-007-2015)和‘曙光6号’(冀S-SV-ZJ-008-2015)金丝小枣是从枣生产果园群体中选育出的良种。2个品种的果实均为大果型,深红色有光泽,抗裂果,‘曙光5号’单果质量12.64 g,可食率95.08%,鲜奉可溶性固形物含量37.7%,维生素C含量3.21 mg·g^(-1)总糖含量24.6%,制干率54.6%;‘曙光6号’单果质量12.25 g,可食率95.13%,鲜枣可溶性固形物含量36.9%,维生素C含量3.07 mg·g^(-1),总糖含量25.3%,制干率55.1%。

Experimental research on modulation degree of refractive index in the SCLP/E_7/C_(60) polymer using a fiber Fabry-Perot Interferometer

Modulation degree of refractive index is an important parameter for information storage in photorefractive materials. Using the relationship between the refractive index and the wavelengths of laser and the order of interference, we introduce a new method to measure the modulation degree of refractive index in photorefractive materials through detecting the shift of the interference fringe in a fiber Fabry-Perot interferometer with a CCD. The measurement precision is also analyzed. With this method, the modulation degree of refractive index in our prepared SCLP/E7/C 60 photorefractive polymer is measured for different external voltages and the external voltage corresponding to the maximal modulation degree of refractive index is reported. The dynamic change of refractive index in the SCLP/E7/C 60 is also studied, which will be helpful to understand the reaction mechanism of photochemistry in the material.

Criteria for intermittent and continuous disturbance transition of ERA interaction with shaped charge jet

There are two interaction mechanisms between shaped charge jet and thin flying plate driven by explosion, that is, the intermittent and continuous disturbance. Determination of the transition criteria for the intermittent and continuous disturbance is of importance for the penetration calculation of the escaping jet and the design of ERA(explosive reactive armour). In this paper a new criteria was presented based on the analysis of interaction process, and the effects of NATO angle and thickness of flying plate on the disturbance frequency were discussed. It is shown that the critical shaped charge jet velocity increases with the plate thickness and NATO angle, especially increases drastically between 45° and 60°.

Performance analysis of CDMA power control system based on fuzzy prediction

Power control is of paramount importance in combating the near-far problem and co-channel interference in a CDMA cellular system. Due to fast fading and ambient interference in a wireless channel, conventional fixed-step power control schemes have difficulty in compensating for the fast fading channel dynamically and in a timely manner. To acquire flexible power regulation in order to maintain required transmission capacity under the given transmission quality requirement, we propose a hybrid power control scheme which makes full use of the simple fuzzy inference rule refined by an operator in the fuzzy control and prediction property from related previous results in Generalized Prediction Control (GPC). In implementation of this strategy, we classify the fading zone into three levels according to the signal-to-noise-rate (SNR) requirement. In each level the power compensation amount varies with fading gradient and the compensation scheme varies as well. The digital results show that adoption of the fuzzy-GPC power regulation scheme has acquired a reasonable performance improvement when compared with fixed-step and fuzzy schemes. According to theoretic analysis and simulation results, we can conclude that under a variational transmission environment, a flexible power regulation scheme such as fuzzy-GPC is easy to adapt to the environment and thus overcomes the near-far effect and multi-access interference effectively.

Sensing Time Optimization in Energy-Harvesting Cognitive Radio with Interference Rate Control

In this paper,an energy-harvesting cognitive radio(CR) is considered,which allows the transmitter of the secondary user(SU) to harvest the primary signal energy from the transmitter of the primary user(PU) when the presence of the PU is detected.Then the harvested energy is converted into the electrical power to supply the transmission of the SU at the detected absence of the PU.By adopting the periodic spectrum sensing,the average total transmission rate of the SU is maximized through optimizing the sensing time,subject to the constraints of the probabilities of false alarm and detection,the harvested energy and the interference rate control.The simulation results show that there deed exists an optimal sensing time that maximizes the transmission rate,and the maximum transmission rate of the energy-harvesting CR can better approach to that of the traditional CR with the increasing of the detection probability.

Actual implementation of spectrum-sharing systems in rayleigh fading channels~

In actual implementation of spectrum sharing systems, due to the selfishness of primary users, primary users often refuse the access of secondary users to their licensed spectrum bands even if the access of secondary users doesn＇t affect their transmission. Aimed at the selfishness problem of primary users, a seller＇s market trading mechanism is introduced which can not only stimulate primary users to tolerate larger interference power but also give the primary users an appropriate compensation at the same time, and which has very important practical significance. Based on the mechanism, the achievable maximal gross profit of secondary users and their optimal power allocation scheme in the Rayleigh fading environment are derived, and the interference price of primary users and the average revenue of secondary users＇ impact on them are also studied. Numerical calculation results are conducted to verify our theoretical results.

Measurement of refractive index modulation on PMMA/E49/TNF/ECZ polymer-dispersed liquid crystal by fiber F-P interferometer

The fiber Fabry-Perot interferometer used to measure the refractive index modulation of polymer-dispersed liquid crystal is introduced.From measuring the quantity of the interference fringe shift with a CCD based on the theory of isoclinal interference fringes formatting,the maximal refractive index modulation versus different external voltages,3.899×10-3 in the external voltage of 57.4 V/μm,and the dynamic refractive index modulation versus response time in the external voltage of 8 V/μm are found in our prepared 1.250 mm-thick PMMA/E49/TNF/ECZ polymer-dispersed liquid crystals.The experimental results will be helpful to understand the photoinduced reaction mechanism of the material and optimize the mixture ratio of each component.

A rate control approach to distributed source coding for interferential multispectral image compression

Distributed source coding （DSC） is applied to interferential multispectral image compression owing to strong correlation among the image frames. Many DSC systems in the literature use feedback channel （FC） to control rate at the decoder, which limits the application of DSC. Upon an analysis of the image data, a rate control approach is proposed to avoid FC. Low-complexity motion compensation is applied first to estimate side information at the encoder. Using a polynomial fitting method, a new mathematical model is then derived to estimate rate based on the correlation between the source and side information. The experimental results show that our estimated rate is a good approximation to the actual rate required by FC while incurring a little bit-rate overhead. Our compression scheme performs comparable with the FC based DSC system and outperforms JPEG2000 significantly.

A Game Theoretic Approach for Inter-Network Interference Mitigation in Wireless Body Area Networks

Wireless Body Area Network(WBAN) is an emerging technology to provide real-time health monitoring and ubiquitous healthcare services. In many applications, multiple wireless body area networks have to coexist in a small area, resulting in serious inter-network interference. This not only reduces network reliability that is especially important in emergency medical applications, but also consumes more power of WBANs. In this paper, an inter-network interference mitigation approach based on a power control algorithm is proposed. Power control is modeled as a non-cooperative game, in which both inter-network interference and energy efficiency of WBANs are considered. The existence and uniqueness of Nash Equilibrium in the game are proved, and an optimal scheme based on best response is proposed to find its Nash Equilibrium. By coordinating the transmission power levels among networks under interference environment, the total system throughput can be increased with minimum power consumed. The effectiveness of the proposed method has been illustrated by simulation results, where the performance of the proposed approach is evaluated in terms of overall utility and power efficiency and convergence speed.

Coherent structures in wall turbulence and mechanism for drag reduction control

Herein is introduced the mechanism for active control influencing the generation of the near-wall streamwise vortices,which are closely related to the production of high skin friction in wall-bounded turbulent flows.A new opposition control scheme with adjusting control amplitude is proposed and evaluated in turbulent channel flow by direct numerical simulations.The maximum drag reduction rate can be greatly enhanced by the strengthened control.Finally the effectiveness of the control to the coherent structures at high Reynolds numbers is investigated by using a linear transient growth model.

FPGA based digital phase-coding quantum key distribution system

Quantum key distribution （QKD） is a technology with the potential capability to achieve information-theoretic security. Phase- coding is an important approach to develop practical QKD systems in fiber channel. In order to improve the phase-coding modulation rate, we proposed a new digital-modulation method in this paper and constructed a compact and robust prototype of QKD system using currently available components in our lab to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method. The system was deployed in laboratory environment over a 50 km fiber and continuously operated during 87 h without manual interaction. The quantum bit error rate （QBER） of the system was stable with an average value of 3.22% and the secure key generation rate is 8.91 kbps. Although the modulation rate of the photon in the derno system was only 200 MHz, which was limited by the Faraday- Michelson interferometer （FMI） structure, the proposed method and the field programmable gate array （FPGA） based electronics scheme have a great potential for high speed QKD systems with Giga-bits/second modulation rate.