利用COSMIC/GPS掩星干温及干压资料探测对流层顶的高度

从COSMIC/GPS无线掩星的折射率产品中分离出大气干温度和干压强。通过计算干温度随干压强变化的递减率(DTLR)来探测对流层顶的高度。选取2013年第346 d中58次掩星事件进行试算,并将DTLR试验结果同CPT(Cold Point Temperature)法和WMO(World Meteorological Organization)法确定的对流层顶以及无线探空产品和Era-Interim产品估算的对流层顶进行了比较和统计。验证结果表明,利用COSMIC(Constellation Observation System of Meteorology,Ionosphere and Climate)掩星干温度产品递减率变化探测对流层顶是可行的。

Energy dissipation rate: An indicator of coal deformation and failure under static and dynamic compressive loads

Dynamic disasters in Chinese coal mines pose a significant threat to coal productivity. Thus, a thorough understanding of the deformation and failure processes of coal is necessary. In this study, the energy dissipation rate is proposed as a novel indicator of coal deformation and failure under static and dynamic compressive loads. The relationship between stress-strain, uniaxial compressive strength, displacement rate, loading rate, fractal dimension, and energy dissipation rate was investigated through experiments conducted using the MTS C60 tests(static loads) and split Hopkinson pressure bar system(dynamic loads). The results show that the energy dissipation rate peaks are associated with stress drop during coal deformation, and also positively related to the uniaxial compressive strength. A higher displacement rate of quasi-static loads leads to an initial increase and then a decrease in energy dissipation rate, whereas a higher loading rate of dynamic loads results in larger energy dissipation rate. Theoretical analysis indicates that a sudden increase in energy dissipation rate suggests partial fracture occurring within coal under both quasi-static and dynamic loads. Hence, the energy dissipation rate is an essential indicator of partial fracture and final failure within coal, as well as a prospective precursor for catastrophic failure in coal mine.

搅拌站污泥用于泡沫混凝土掺合料的研究

混凝土搅拌站污泥难以有效利用,严重污染了周边环境。在分析污泥粒度和活性的基础上,采用污泥作为掺合料制备超轻泡沫混凝土。试验结果表明,污泥的比表面积可以超过1000m^2/kg,活性指数可以接近70%,因此可以用污泥作为掺合料用于制备超轻泡沫混凝土。随着污泥掺量的增加,超轻泡沫混凝土浆体稠度也逐渐增大,浆体稳定性也逐渐增强;掺加适量污泥有利于细化超轻泡沫混凝土孔径,提高孔的均匀度;制备超轻泡沫混凝土时,污泥的适宜掺量10kg/m^3~30kg/m^3,即污泥在胶凝材料中的用量为5%~15%,可以获得干密度160kg/m^3~180kg/m^3的超轻泡沫混凝土,其抗压强度达到0.5MPa。

Microstructure,mechanical and wear properties of aluminum borate whisker reinforced aluminum matrix composites

The microstructural features and the consequent mechanical properties were characterized in aluminium borate whisker(ABOw)(5, 10 and 15 wt.%) reinforced commercially-pure aluminium composites fabricated by conventional powder metallurgy technique. The aluminium powder and the whisker were effectively blended by a semi-powder metallurgy method. The blended powder mixtures were cold compacted and sintered at 600 ℃. The sintered composites were characterized for microstructural features by optical microscopy(OM), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS), transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD) analysis. Porosity in the composites with variation in ABOw contents was determined. The effect of variation in content of ABOw on mechanical properties, viz. hardness, bending strength and compressive strength of the composites was evaluated. The dry sliding wear behaviour was evaluated at varying sliding distance at constant loads. Maximum flexural strength of 172 MPa and compressive strength of 324 MPa with improved hardness around HV 40.2 are obtained in composite with 10 wt.% ABOw. Further increase in ABOw content deteriorates the properties. A substantial increase in wear resistance is also observed with 10 wt.% ABOw. The excellent combination of mechanical properties of Al-10 wt.%ABOw composites is attributed to good interfacial bonds, less porosity and uniformity in the microstructure.

A column study of the hydro-mechanical behavior of mature fine tailings under atmospheric drying

In this paper, the hydro-mechanical behavior and physical properties of mature fine tailings(MFT) under atmospheric drying are investigated through a column study. In the study, evaporation takes place in the development of suction in the upper parts of the column and increasing suction leads to higher strength in the tailings. After 5 days, the suction in the first lift is around 17 k Pa in the upper part of the column.When a second lift is added, the first lift initially loses strength but over a 30 days' period, the strength is recovered to its prior value and suction in the second lift reaches 500 k Pa. The vane shear strength values show a substantial increase in the strength of the MFT after 30 days under atmospheric drying and drainage. The 90% strength found in the column exceeds the threshold(5 k Pa). The hydraulic-mechanical properties of the deposited tailings are closely coupled due to several mechanisms, such as evaporation,drainage, self-consolidation, suction and crack development. The findings of this study will provide a better understanding of the placement behavior of multiple lifts of MFT and thus contribute to reclamation design standards and reduce the use of dedicated disposal areas.