利用常规地面、高空观测资料、FY-2G云图TBB资料、NCEP/NCAR(1°×1°)再分析资料以及库尔勒探空和多普勒雷达资料,采用25点平滑算子的滤波方法,对2016年8月23—24日新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州(下简称巴州)一次短时强降水过程...利用常规地面、高空观测资料、FY-2G云图TBB资料、NCEP/NCAR(1°×1°)再分析资料以及库尔勒探空和多普勒雷达资料,采用25点平滑算子的滤波方法,对2016年8月23—24日新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州(下简称巴州)一次短时强降水过程的中尺度特征及其发生、发展机理进行分析。结果表明:"三支急流"的有利配置以及700 h Pa中尺度气旋性辐合的形成对强降水区内垂直运动的发展和水汽的辐合上升具有明显促进作用,配合低层高温高湿、中层干冷空气侵入、地面中尺度辐合线的形成等条件直接诱导了此次短时强降水的发生;强对流发生前,低层水汽饱和、对流不稳定层结、中等强度的垂直风切变和强的温度垂直递减率为强对流的发生发展提供了良好的潜势条件;此次强降水的雷达回波具有较明显的强回波低质心结构特征,降水效率较高,持续时间较长,导致过程累积降水较大。库尔勒及周边地区的短时强降水主要由弓型回波在缓慢东移过程中断裂分散成的多个γ尺度的对流单体造成。展开更多
The 1°×1° National Center for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research （NCEP/NCAR） data and mesoscale numerical simulation data are analyzed to reveal a mechanism for the form...The 1°×1° National Center for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research （NCEP/NCAR） data and mesoscale numerical simulation data are analyzed to reveal a mechanism for the formation of heavy rainfall in Northern China; this mechanism is the non-uniformly saturated instability induced by a dry intrusion. The dry intrusion and the accompanying downward transport of air with a high value of potential vorticity （PV） are maintained during the precipitation event. As the dry air intrudes down into the warm and moist sector in the lower troposphere, the cold, dry air and the warm, moist air mix with each other, and, as a result, the atmosphere becomes non-uniformly saturated. On the basis of this non-uniform saturation, a new Brunt-Vaisaila frequency （BVF） formula is derived and applied to the precipitation event. It is shown that, compared to the conditions of either a dry or a saturated atmosphere, the BVF in a non-uniformly saturated, moist atmosphere （BVF） may be more appropriate for depicting the atmospheric instability in rainy regions.展开更多
文摘利用常规地面、高空观测资料、FY-2G云图TBB资料、NCEP/NCAR(1°×1°)再分析资料以及库尔勒探空和多普勒雷达资料,采用25点平滑算子的滤波方法,对2016年8月23—24日新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州(下简称巴州)一次短时强降水过程的中尺度特征及其发生、发展机理进行分析。结果表明:"三支急流"的有利配置以及700 h Pa中尺度气旋性辐合的形成对强降水区内垂直运动的发展和水汽的辐合上升具有明显促进作用,配合低层高温高湿、中层干冷空气侵入、地面中尺度辐合线的形成等条件直接诱导了此次短时强降水的发生;强对流发生前,低层水汽饱和、对流不稳定层结、中等强度的垂直风切变和强的温度垂直递减率为强对流的发生发展提供了良好的潜势条件;此次强降水的雷达回波具有较明显的强回波低质心结构特征,降水效率较高,持续时间较长,导致过程累积降水较大。库尔勒及周边地区的短时强降水主要由弓型回波在缓慢东移过程中断裂分散成的多个γ尺度的对流单体造成。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (under Grant No. 40805001)the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (under Grant Nos. KCL14014, IAP07201, and IAP07214)
文摘The 1°×1° National Center for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research （NCEP/NCAR） data and mesoscale numerical simulation data are analyzed to reveal a mechanism for the formation of heavy rainfall in Northern China; this mechanism is the non-uniformly saturated instability induced by a dry intrusion. The dry intrusion and the accompanying downward transport of air with a high value of potential vorticity （PV） are maintained during the precipitation event. As the dry air intrudes down into the warm and moist sector in the lower troposphere, the cold, dry air and the warm, moist air mix with each other, and, as a result, the atmosphere becomes non-uniformly saturated. On the basis of this non-uniform saturation, a new Brunt-Vaisaila frequency （BVF） formula is derived and applied to the precipitation event. It is shown that, compared to the conditions of either a dry or a saturated atmosphere, the BVF in a non-uniformly saturated, moist atmosphere （BVF） may be more appropriate for depicting the atmospheric instability in rainy regions.
