基于电磁干风洞的大柔性结构准模态试验研究

结构的频率是结构的重要动力学特性,对于飞行器来说,当机翼等大型结构在非定常气动力作用下发生变形时,其频率也会发生变化。本文介绍了一种地面电磁干风洞试验方法,利用电磁场和安培力实现气动力的模拟,在不接触模型的情况下对模型进行静动态加载。基于这种新的试验技术,建立了一种地面电磁干风洞实验方法,利用电磁场和安培力实现气动力的模拟,可有效实现对模型结构的非接触式静态和动态气动力跟随加载。利用该实验系统,研究了静动态条件下,结构质量、刚度分布对飞机内载荷的影响;结构变形对结构动力学特征的影响。结果表明,结构的弯曲变形会影响结构的弯曲和扭转频率,结构的质量和刚度分布会对结构内载荷产生较大影响。这种新的试验方法有利于研究大柔性结构的气动弹性特性,对新型飞机的设计和研制具有重要意义。

气动力模拟非接触式加载方法研究

介绍了一种地面电磁干风洞的实验方法,可以利用电磁场和安培力实现气动力的模拟,在不接触模型的条件下对模型进行静态和动态加载。这在一些非气动力因素起主导作用的多学科动力学过程的研究中具有重要意义。为了验证实验技术的有效性,进行了一系列的验证试验,给出了静载荷试验和动态准模态试验的结果,证明了实验技术的可行性和有效性。试验结果与经典有限元仿真计算结果基本一致,研究表明,电磁干风洞装置可以准确地进行加载,取得合理的试验结果。

Wind-Tunnel Investigation of the Aerodynamic Performance of Surface-Modification Cables

The wind-induced vibration of stay cables of cable-stayed bridges, which includes rain-wind-induced vibration （RWIV） and dry galloping （DG）, has been studied for a considerable amount of time. In general, mechanical dampers or surface modification are applied to suppress the vibration. In particular, several types of surface-modification cable, including indentation, longitudinally parallel protuberance, helical fillet, and U-shaped grooving, have been developed. Recently, a new type of aerodynamically stable cable with spiral protuberances was developed. It was confirmed that the cable has a low drag force coefficient, like an indented cable, and that it prevented the formation of water rivulets on the cable surface. In this study, the stability for RWIV of this cable was investigated with various flow angles and protuberance dimensions in a wind-tunnel test. It was found that the spiral protuberance cable is aerodynamically stable against both RWIV and DG for all test wind angles. The effects of the protuberance dimensions were also clarified.