不同数学方法对板栗授粉组合的评价与筛选

以河北省迁西地区板栗主栽品种‘燕山早丰’和‘大板红’为材料,选用燕山地区8个优良品种(系)进行授粉试验,通过调查不同授粉组合产量和测定果实品质等指标,并采用直接排序法和平均隶属度法进行评价,筛选最适授粉组合。结果表明:与对照比较,采用直接排序法对产量和品质进行综合评价,‘燕山早丰’授粉组合中只有‘燕山早丰’ב迁西15号’和‘燕山早丰’ב大板红’排在对照之前,而‘大板红’授粉组合中优于对照的有‘大板红’ב迁西14号’‘大板红’ב遵玉’‘大板红’ב迁西15号’‘大板红’ב燕龙’‘大板红’ב燕山早丰’;采用平均隶属度法对产量和品质进行综合评价,‘燕山早丰’ב迁西15号’‘燕山早丰’ב大板红’和‘燕山早丰’ב遵玉’排在对照之前,而‘大板红’授粉组合排名与直接排序法非常相近。综合分析认为:在迁西地区‘燕山早丰’的最适授粉亲本为‘迁西15号’和‘大板红’;‘大板红’的最适授粉亲本为‘迁西14号’‘遵玉’和‘迁西15号’。

化探综合异常图定量编制方法及应用

现阶段以单元素异常图为基础编制的综合异常图,只能定性地圈定出综合异常范围,并没有考虑异常点元素彼此之间的叠加贡献,不能定量评价综合异常。研究发现,该类图件不论在图面表达形式还是在应用效果中均存在诸多不足。明确了“平均衬度法”的概念,提出利用平均衬度法编制综合异常图的思路和方法,即以原始分析数据为基础,利用平均衬度定量表达综合异常范围,编制形成平均衬度综合异常图。对比结果表明,平均衬度法对综合异常的圈定效果优于累加衬度法和综合衬度法。平均衬度综合异常图特别适合1∶5万化探普查资料的开发研究,由于圈定的范围小、浓集中心明显,适合准确布置地表探矿工程,并可以节约勘查成本,提高找矿命中率。

铜仁市野生板栗性状鉴定与评价

调查铜仁市现有板栗野生资源并进行初步的性状鉴定与评价,为保护铜仁市板栗野生资源、乡土品种选育等奠定基础。从碧江、玉屏、江口3个群体中选择大粒型油板栗、小粒型油板栗、大粒型灰板栗、小粒型灰板栗和独板栗5个类型共1 000株,对不同品种板栗生长情况、结果情况以及种仁营养成分含量进行调查,并鉴定其性状,采用平均隶属度法对不同品种野生板栗性状进行综合评价。结果显示,玉屏大板栗垂支栗12号品种性状表现最好,种仁营养成分含量较高,产量也比较高,且植株形态良好,综合效益比较高。可将玉屏大板栗垂支栗12号品种作为野生板栗杂交亲本,培育树冠紧凑的种质资源,在铜仁区域内推广种植,积极推动铜仁市板栗资源开发利用。

CMAC网络理论在商场照明设计中的应用

本文提出将小脑模型连接控制器 (CMAC)网络理论应用照明设计思路 ,利用其有监督的学习过程 ,计算快速、准确。适用于商场等照明设计。

适宜山东茶区栽培的绿茶品种筛选与综合评价

对在山东地区表现较好的27个适制绿茶品种,进行耐寒性、丰产性、繁育特性、抗虫害特性、加工适制性5个方面的对比试验,利用直接排序法和平均隶属度法,筛选出适宜山东茶区栽培的良种8个,分别为:碧香早、毛头种、中茶108、农抗早、白毫早、罗汉1号、罗汉3号(暂定名)、玉绿。

Evaluation model of individual thermal comfort based on mean skin temperature

The local skin temperatures of 22 subjects at air temperatures of 21,24,26,29 ℃ are measured,and the mean skin temperatures are calculated by ten skin temperature measuring points.The thermal comfort levels and the thermal sensations of these subjects are also investigated by a questionnaire.The Mahalanobis distance discrimination method is applied to establish the evaluation model for the thermal comfort based on the mean skin temperature.The experimental results indicate that the difference of the mean skin temperatures between the comfort level and the discomfort level is significant.Using the evaluation model,the mean skin temperature at the thermal comfort level is 32.6 to 33.7 ℃,and the thermal comfort levels of 72% of the subjects are correctly evaluated.The accuracy of the evaluation model can be improved when the effects of sex of the subject on the mean skin temperature and the thermal comfort are considered.It can be concluded that the mean skin temperature can be used as an effective physiological indicator to evaluate human thermal comfort in a steady thermal environment.

化探综合异常的圈定——以安徽绩溪青罗山地区1∶1万土壤地球化学测量为例

青罗山地区位于安徽绩溪巧川-宁国大坞尖钨(锡)钼多金属成矿区,在1∶5万区域矿产调查的基础上,对青罗山地区进行1∶1万土壤地球化学测量。通过异常查证,发现了多个钨钼矿体。文章总结了青罗山地区的地质特征,利用常规方法和平均衬度法分别圈定综合化探异常,对区内重要的两个综合异常进行了比较,通过比较发现平均衬度法圈定的综合异常,其优势比较明显,能缩小找矿靶区,节约找矿成本,该方法值得进一步推广和应用。

Flow Field Around Rushton Turbine in Stirred Tank by Particle Image Velocimetry Measurement

In this paper, particle image velocimetry (PIV) was used to measure the mean and root meansquare(RMS) velocity in the stirred tank with six-flat blade Rushton turbine and with no baffles. Two typesof motion patterns were studied. One was that the impeller runs at constant speed, the other was that the impellerruns at time-dependent speed and in a periodic way. The emphasis of the paper was on the comparison of meanand RMS velocity vector maps and profiles between these two types of motion patterns, and especial attention waspaid to the comparison of the mean velocity, time-averaged RMS velocity, phase averaged RMS velocity betweenthe constant 3 RPS (revolution per second) and time-dependent operation. The Reynolds number was between 763and 1527. The study explained the mechanism that time-dependent RPS is more efficient for mixing than that ofconstant RPS.

Determination of Rhodamine B in Food Using HPLCUV Method

[ Objective] The aim was to establish a method for the determination of Rhodamine B in food by HPLC-UV. [ Metkod] Rhodamine B was extracted with acetone/hexane from food samples. After concentrated and purified by alumina cartridge, the Rhodamine B content in the food was determined by using high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet visible detector. [ Result] Within tile concentration range of 0.005 - 2.000 mg/kg, the peak area of Rhodamine B presented good linear relation with the concentration, and the related coefficient was 0.999 98. With high average recovery rate, the detection limit of the method was 0.005 mg/kg[ Concision] It is a fast and accurate method with high sensitivity to detect Rhodamine B in food.

Dynamic analysis of new type elastic screen surface with multi degree of freedom and experimental validation

A feasible method was proposed to improve the vibration intensity of screen surface via application of a new type elastic screen surface with multi degree of freedom(NTESSMDF). In the NTESSMDF, the primary robs were coupled to the main screen structure with ends embedded into the elastomers, and the secondary robs were attached to adjacent two primary robs with elastic bands. The dynamic model of vibrating screen with NTESSMDF was established based on Lagrange's equation and the equivalent stiffnesses of the elastomer and elastic band were calculated. According to numerical simulation using the 4th order Runge-Kutta method, the vibration intensity of screen surface can be enhanced substantially with an averaged acceleration amplitude increasing ratio of 72.36%. The primary robs and secondary robs vibrate inversely in steady state, which would result in the friability of materials and avoid stoppage. The experimental results validate the dynamic characteristics with acceleration amplitude rising by62.93% on average, which demonstrates the feasibility of NTESSMDF.

A New Model for Prediction of Mean Liquid Circulating Velocity in Bubble Columns

A new model without any fitting parameter for estimating the mean liquid recirculating velocity has been derived from previous work directly. The prediction agrees with experimental data reasonably well. Accurency of prediction from the new model is comparable with the models reported in the literature. However, the new model has a potential capability to predict the average liquid recirculation velocity at elevated pressure bubble columns since n and c is developed under pressure. However this needs to be further tested experimentally.

A method for correcting regional bias in SMOS global salinity products

Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity （SMOS） Level 3 （L3） sea surface salinity （SSS） products are provided by the Barcelona Expert Centre （BEC）. Strong biases were observed on the SMOS SSS products, thus the data from the Centre Aval de Traitement des Donnees SMOS （CATDS） were adjusted for biases using a large-scale correction derived from observed differences between the SMOS SSS and World Ocean Atlas （WOA） climatology data. However, this large-scale correction method is not suitable for correcting the large gradient of salinity biases. Here, we present a method for the correction of SSS regional bias of the monthly L3 products. Based on the stable characteristics of the large SSS biases from month to month in some regions, corrected SMOS SSS maps can be obtained from the monthly mean values after removing the regional biases. The accuracy of the SMOS SSS measurements is greatly improved, especially near the coastline, at high latitudes, and in some open ocean regions. The SMOS and ISAS SSS data are also compared with Aquarius SSS to verify the corrected SMOS SSS data. The correction method presented here only corrects annual mean biases. The measurement accuracy of the SSS may be improved by considering the influence of atmospheric and ocean circulation in different seasons and years.

Adaptive Rate Control Scheme for H.264/AVC

The purpose of this paper is to improve allocation of the number of bits without skipping the frame by accurately estimating the target bits in H. 264/AVC rate control. The scheme ImPoses an enhancement method of the target frame rate based on H. 264/AVC bit allocation. The enhancement uses a frame complexion estimation to improve the existing Mean Absolute Difference （MAD） complexity measurement. Bit allocation to each frame is not just computed by target frame rote but also adjusted by a combined frame complexity measure. Using the statistical characteristic, the scheme obtains change of occurrence bit about QP to apply the bit amount by QP from the video characteristic and apply it in the estimated bit amount of the current frame. Simulation results show that the proposed rate eontrol scheme achieves time saving of mine than 99% over existing rate control algorithm. Nevertheless, Peak Signal-to-Noise Ration （PSNR） and bit rate were almost the same as the performances.

Comparison of Absolute Distance Measurement by Different Types of Dual Mode-Locked Fiber Lasers

Two types of the dual mode-locked fiber lasers for asynchronous absolute distance measurement are investigated, The lasers are linear and ring cavity with repetition rate of 70 MHz and 100 MHz, respectively. The group velocity dispersion is not compensated in the first type of the lasers, while the others are fully done. The timing jitter with the Allan deviation below averaging time of 0.2 s during the distance measurement for around 1 m of both types of lasers were 2.5 ps with 600 nm and 1.6 ps with 200 nm. We concluded that the phase noise resulted from the intra-cavity dispersion is the main contribution for the uncertainty of the ranging in these two types of the lasers.

An Adaptive Genetic Algorithm for Multiprocessor Real-time Task Scheduling

Real-time task scheduling is of primary significance in multiprocessor systems.Meeting deadlines and achieving high system utilization are the two main objectives of task scheduling in such systems.In this paper,we represent those two goals as the minimization of the average response time and the average task laxity.To achieve this,we propose a genetic-based algorithm with problem-specific and efficient genetic operators.Adaptive control parameters are also employed in our work to improve the genetic algorithms' efficiency.The simulation results show that our proposed algorithm outperforms its counterpart considerably by up to 36% and 35% in terms of the average response time and the average task laxity,respectively.

基于三角模糊数层次分析的变压器状态检修决策方法

变压器状态检修是一个设计多台变压器及庞大数据的复杂问题,在分析现有方法的基础上,提出了一种基于三角模糊数层次分析的决策方法,该方法利用模糊数学和三角模糊数合理反应了专家经验的模糊性和因素两两比较结果的区间性,并提出了一种利用平均优势度的排序方法解决三角模糊数层次分析排序上的不足。同时给出了三角模糊数层次分析的分析步骤。最后,利用实际算例证明了此方法具有较高的实用意义。

锥栗花粉直感效应研究

为研究锥栗花粉直感效应,选用‘华栗1号’、‘华栗2号’、‘华栗3号’和‘黄榛’4个品种为试材,进行自交、异交授粉试验,以自然授粉作为对照,共20个授粉组合,分析不同授粉组合的果实成熟期、结实率及果实品质等,结果表明:锥栗在果实成熟期、坐果率、结实率、果实大小、可溶性糖、脂肪、蛋白质、直链淀粉和维生素C等方面表现明显的花粉直感效应,而在出籽率、总淀粉含量和含水量等方面无明显花粉直感效应;通过平均隶属函数法分析20个授粉组合,‘华栗2号’ב华栗3号’得分最高,‘黄榛’自交得分最低。因此,‘华栗2号’ב华栗3号’为首选授粉组合。

Empirical likelihood for single-index models with responses missing at random

The missing response problem in single-index models is studied, and a bias-correction method to infer the index coefficients is developed. Two weighted empirical log-likelihood ratios with asymptotic chisquare are derived, and the corresponding empirical likelihood confidence regions for the index coefficients are constructed. In addition, the estimators of the index coefficients and the link function are defined, and their asymptotic normalities are proved. A simulation study is conducted to compare the empirical likelihood and the normal approximation based method in terms of coverage probabilities and average lengths of confidence intervals. A real example illustrates our methods.

Influence of Temperature Difference Calculation Method on the Evaluation of Rankine Cycle Performance

In the new century, energy and environmental problems are becoming more critical, and the development of natural energy is desired. Low-grade Thermal Energy Conversion(LTEC) is refocused as one of the renewable energy methods. The usefulness of LTEC is expected using hot springs and waste heat. In the case of the Rankine cycle using ammonia as the working fluid, the thermal properties of the working fluid changes in the evaporator. The traditional evaluation method of heat exchanger performance is the LMTD(Logarithmic Mean Temperature Difference) method. On the other hand, the GMTD(Generalized Mean Temperature Difference) method allows the variation of thermal properties in the heat exchanger. The aim of this study is to compare the two methods for the calculation of temperature differences and the corresponding influence on the total performance of the Rankine cycle that is operated using ammonia as a working fluid. As a result, the thermal efficiency of the Rankine cycle is greater than that of the LMTD method. Moreover, the computable range of the GMTD calculation method is less than that of the LMTD calculation method.

Convection in the Rayleigh-Bénard Flow with all Fluid Properties Variable

In the present paper, the effect of variable fluid properties （density, viscosity, thermal conductivity and specific heat） on the convection in the classical Rayleigh-Benard problem is investigated. The investigation concerns water, air, and engine oil by taking into account the variation of fluid properties with temperature. The results are obtained by numerically solving the governing equations, using the SIMPLE algorithm and covering large temperature differences. It is found that the critical Rayleigh number increases as the temperature difference increases considering all fluid properties variable. However, when the fluid properties are kept constant, calculated at the mean temperature, and only density is considered variable, the critical Rayleigh number either decreases or remains constant.