经典一维装箱问题在多处理器调度、资源分配和日常生活中的计划、包装、调度等优化问题中有着极为重要的应用 .该文系统地分析了在待处理的物品大小相互独立的情况下 ,L ee & L ee提出的调和近似装箱算法的平均性能 ;具体给出了在...经典一维装箱问题在多处理器调度、资源分配和日常生活中的计划、包装、调度等优化问题中有着极为重要的应用 .该文系统地分析了在待处理的物品大小相互独立的情况下 ,L ee & L ee提出的调和近似装箱算法的平均性能 ;具体给出了在均匀分布下 ,调和算法平均性能比的值 ,并用实验验证了这些结果 .展开更多
为了使钛合金棒材在外科植入螺钉中得到应用,以普通ψ6.0 mm TC4ELI钛合金棒材为例,对其生产过程进行了不同工艺试验,研究了材料的力学性能、显微组织与扭转性能。结果表明：经不同工艺试验的钛合金平均晶粒尺寸为4~5μm,扭转性能较普...为了使钛合金棒材在外科植入螺钉中得到应用,以普通ψ6.0 mm TC4ELI钛合金棒材为例,对其生产过程进行了不同工艺试验,研究了材料的力学性能、显微组织与扭转性能。结果表明：经不同工艺试验的钛合金平均晶粒尺寸为4~5μm,扭转性能较普通钛合金棒材显著增加,最大扭转角提高31.2%~32.7%,可达到180°以上。相同规格棒材抗拉强度越高,扭转性能就低。同时发现TC20钛合金棒材的扭转性能优于TC4ELI棒材,应与其合金元素有关。展开更多
提出了一种带有启动空间的约束装箱问题(start-up bin packing problem,简称SBPP),即不同类型的物品放入同一箱子中需要一个启动空间.该问题在工作分配、任务调度和日常生活中的包装等问题中有着广泛的应用背景.给出了一个求解SBPP的线...提出了一种带有启动空间的约束装箱问题(start-up bin packing problem,简称SBPP),即不同类型的物品放入同一箱子中需要一个启动空间.该问题在工作分配、任务调度和日常生活中的包装等问题中有着广泛的应用背景.给出了一个求解SBPP的线性脱线算法C-NF,其最坏情况渐近性能比为2,与启动空间的大小无关.对该算法的平均性能进行了实验分析.另外,还分析了SBPP的在线特性,指出大量的经典在线装箱算法应用于SBPP都不存在确定的最坏情况渐近性能比,也给出了一种具有确定的最坏情况渐近性能比的在线算法.展开更多
Elastic behaviors of protein-like chains are investigated by Pruned-Enriched-Rosenbluth method and modified orientation-dependent monomer-monomer interactions model. The protein-like chain is pulled away from the attr...Elastic behaviors of protein-like chains are investigated by Pruned-Enriched-Rosenbluth method and modified orientation-dependent monomer-monomer interactions model. The protein-like chain is pulled away from the attractive surface slowly with elastic force acting on it. Strong adsorption interaction and no adsorption interaction are both considered. We calculate the characteristic ratio and shape factor of protein-like chains in the process of elongation. The conformation change of the protein-like chain is well depicted. The shape of chain changes from “rod” to “sphere” at the beginning of elongation. Then, the shape changes from “sphere” to “rod”. In the end, the shape becomes a “sphere” as the chain leaves away from the surface. In the meantime, we discuss average Helmoholtz free energy per bond, average energy per bond, average adsorbed energy per bond, average α-helical energy per bond, average β-sheet energy per bond and average contact energy per bond. On the other hand, elastic force is also studied. It is found that elastic force has a long plateau during the tensile elongation when there exists adsorption interaction. This result is consistent with SMFS experiment of general polymers. Energy contribution to elastic force and contact energy contribution to elastic force are both discussed. These investigations can provide some insights into the elastic behaviors of adsorbed protein chains.展开更多
Using a 19-year altimetric dataset, the mean properties and spatiotemporal variations of eddies in the Kuroshio recirculation region are examined. A total of 2 001 cyclonic tracks and 1 847 anticyclonic tracks were id...Using a 19-year altimetric dataset, the mean properties and spatiotemporal variations of eddies in the Kuroshio recirculation region are examined. A total of 2 001 cyclonic tracks and 1 847 anticyclonic tracks were identifi ed using a geometry-based eddy detection method. The mean radius was 57 km for cyclonic eddies and was 61 km for anticyclonic eddies, respectively, and the mean lifetime was about 10 weeks for both type eddies. There were asymmetric spatial distributions for eddy generation and eddy termination, which were domain-dependent. Mean eddy generation rates were 2.0 per week for cyclonic eddies and were 1.9 per week for anticyclonic eddies. Both type eddies tended to deform during their lifetime and had different propagation characteristics, which mainly propagated westward and southwestward with velocities 4.0–9.9 cm/s, in the Kuroshio recirculation region. Further discussion illustrates that the eddy westward speed maybe infl uenced by the combined effect of vertical shear of horizontal currents and nonlinearity of eddy. To better understand the evolution of eddy tracks, a total of 134 long-lived tracks(lifetime ≥20 weeks) were examined. Comparison between short-span eddies(lifetime ≥4 weeks and <20 weeks) and long-lived eddies is also conducted and the result shows that the short-span and long-lived eddies have similar time evolution. Finally, eddy seasonal variations and interannual changes are discussed. Correlation analysis shows that eddy activity is sensitive to the wind stress curl and meridional gradient of sea surface temperature on interannual timescales. Besides, the strength and orientation of background fl ows also have impacts on the eddy genesis.展开更多
文摘为了使钛合金棒材在外科植入螺钉中得到应用,以普通ψ6.0 mm TC4ELI钛合金棒材为例,对其生产过程进行了不同工艺试验,研究了材料的力学性能、显微组织与扭转性能。结果表明：经不同工艺试验的钛合金平均晶粒尺寸为4~5μm,扭转性能较普通钛合金棒材显著增加,最大扭转角提高31.2%~32.7%,可达到180°以上。相同规格棒材抗拉强度越高,扭转性能就低。同时发现TC20钛合金棒材的扭转性能优于TC4ELI棒材,应与其合金元素有关。
文摘提出了一种带有启动空间的约束装箱问题(start-up bin packing problem,简称SBPP),即不同类型的物品放入同一箱子中需要一个启动空间.该问题在工作分配、任务调度和日常生活中的包装等问题中有着广泛的应用背景.给出了一个求解SBPP的线性脱线算法C-NF,其最坏情况渐近性能比为2,与启动空间的大小无关.对该算法的平均性能进行了实验分析.另外,还分析了SBPP的在线特性,指出大量的经典在线装箱算法应用于SBPP都不存在确定的最坏情况渐近性能比,也给出了一种具有确定的最坏情况渐近性能比的在线算法.
基金ACKNOWLEDGMENT This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No.20904047）.
文摘Elastic behaviors of protein-like chains are investigated by Pruned-Enriched-Rosenbluth method and modified orientation-dependent monomer-monomer interactions model. The protein-like chain is pulled away from the attractive surface slowly with elastic force acting on it. Strong adsorption interaction and no adsorption interaction are both considered. We calculate the characteristic ratio and shape factor of protein-like chains in the process of elongation. The conformation change of the protein-like chain is well depicted. The shape of chain changes from “rod” to “sphere” at the beginning of elongation. Then, the shape changes from “sphere” to “rod”. In the end, the shape becomes a “sphere” as the chain leaves away from the surface. In the meantime, we discuss average Helmoholtz free energy per bond, average energy per bond, average adsorbed energy per bond, average α-helical energy per bond, average β-sheet energy per bond and average contact energy per bond. On the other hand, elastic force is also studied. It is found that elastic force has a long plateau during the tensile elongation when there exists adsorption interaction. This result is consistent with SMFS experiment of general polymers. Energy contribution to elastic force and contact energy contribution to elastic force are both discussed. These investigations can provide some insights into the elastic behaviors of adsorbed protein chains.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41230420)the Knowledge Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.KZCX3-EW-201)the Basic Research Program of Science and Technology Projects of Qingdao(No.11-14-95-jch)
文摘Using a 19-year altimetric dataset, the mean properties and spatiotemporal variations of eddies in the Kuroshio recirculation region are examined. A total of 2 001 cyclonic tracks and 1 847 anticyclonic tracks were identifi ed using a geometry-based eddy detection method. The mean radius was 57 km for cyclonic eddies and was 61 km for anticyclonic eddies, respectively, and the mean lifetime was about 10 weeks for both type eddies. There were asymmetric spatial distributions for eddy generation and eddy termination, which were domain-dependent. Mean eddy generation rates were 2.0 per week for cyclonic eddies and were 1.9 per week for anticyclonic eddies. Both type eddies tended to deform during their lifetime and had different propagation characteristics, which mainly propagated westward and southwestward with velocities 4.0–9.9 cm/s, in the Kuroshio recirculation region. Further discussion illustrates that the eddy westward speed maybe infl uenced by the combined effect of vertical shear of horizontal currents and nonlinearity of eddy. To better understand the evolution of eddy tracks, a total of 134 long-lived tracks(lifetime ≥20 weeks) were examined. Comparison between short-span eddies(lifetime ≥4 weeks and <20 weeks) and long-lived eddies is also conducted and the result shows that the short-span and long-lived eddies have similar time evolution. Finally, eddy seasonal variations and interannual changes are discussed. Correlation analysis shows that eddy activity is sensitive to the wind stress curl and meridional gradient of sea surface temperature on interannual timescales. Besides, the strength and orientation of background fl ows also have impacts on the eddy genesis.
