Evaluation model of individual thermal comfort based on mean skin temperature

The local skin temperatures of 22 subjects at air temperatures of 21,24,26,29 ℃ are measured,and the mean skin temperatures are calculated by ten skin temperature measuring points.The thermal comfort levels and the thermal sensations of these subjects are also investigated by a questionnaire.The Mahalanobis distance discrimination method is applied to establish the evaluation model for the thermal comfort based on the mean skin temperature.The experimental results indicate that the difference of the mean skin temperatures between the comfort level and the discomfort level is significant.Using the evaluation model,the mean skin temperature at the thermal comfort level is 32.6 to 33.7 ℃,and the thermal comfort levels of 72% of the subjects are correctly evaluated.The accuracy of the evaluation model can be improved when the effects of sex of the subject on the mean skin temperature and the thermal comfort are considered.It can be concluded that the mean skin temperature can be used as an effective physiological indicator to evaluate human thermal comfort in a steady thermal environment.

西北民居冬季睡眠被褥微气候研究

对西北地区22个城市下民居建筑的睡眠被褥温度和室内温度进行现场测试,同时以问卷方式对床褥系统、居民对睡眠热环境的评价等参数进行了调查。对测试和调查结果分析可知,居民冬季睡眠期间被褥舒适温度比热中性温度高约1.5℃,可见,人体更喜欢偏暖的被褥微气候;在对被褥有取暖、无取暖2种情况下,被褥舒适温度分别处于27.0~32.0℃、26.5~31.5℃之间。通过分析被褥温度、室内温度和床褥系统热阻三者之间关系,得到了满足被褥微气候热舒适要求的室温最低保障条件：被褥有取暖时室温可低至7.0℃,明显低于无取暖情况下的13.0℃。