应用BOXCAR平均积分器直接测量钾分子激发态B′π_μ辐射寿命

有关钾分子激发态辐射寿命的测量已有不少报道,它们或是采用相移法,或是采用单光子计数方法,都能得出与理论计算相当符合的结果。本文将介绍在脉冲激光激发下,采用双通道BOXCAR平均积分器,获得荧光蜕变曲线直接测量辐射寿命的方法。钾分子是在十字交叉热管炉内制备的,炉内充有15.6乇的He_2(或Ne_2)作为缓冲气体。热管炉的工作温度在200—300℃之间,这对形成钾分子是有利的条件。

45例白血病血小板计数及其平均容积的变化与临床分析

应用Coulter JT IR全血细胞分析仪 ,对我院 1999年 1月至 2 0 0 0年 12月收住的初复诊 4 5例急慢性白血病人的血小板计数 (BPC)及平均容积 (MPV)进行了动态观察 ,急性白血病不同阶段及慢性粒细胞白血病 (CML)不同分期的BPC和MPV ,与正常对照组有显著差异 (P <0 .0 1) ,这些方法简单、易行、经济 。

日本落叶松以林分平均木材积生长率代替林分蓄积生长率可行性验证

为验证日本落叶松以林分平均木生长率代替林分蓄积生长率的可行性,在日本落叶松林内选取30个固定样地,分5个间隔计算样地蓄积生长率和平均木材积生长率,结果表明:蓄积生长率和平均木材积生长率比较接近,经适用性检验,-3%<相对误差RS(0.49%)<3%,F=1.34<F 0.05=3.06,用林分平均木材积生长率代替林分蓄积生长率可行。

巧用“平均横截面积”比较液体对容器底部的压力大小

在柱状容器中,液体对容器底部的压力大小等于液重;在非柱状容器中,液体对容器底部的压力大小不等于液重。质量相等、密度不同的液体(或质量一定的某种液体体积发生变化),液体对容器底部的压力大小与液体的平均横截面积有关,平均横截面积越小,压力越大。

平均学分积计算方法及其合理性分析

平均学分积计算方法及其合理性分析北京林业大学蒋丽芳高等院校学生成绩排序在评定奖学金、优秀学生，以及毕业生分配择业优先权方面起着重要作用。如何公平真实地反映学生成绩的相对优劣性一直是学生成绩管理工作所关注的问题之一。目前高校普遍采用平均学分积作为排序指...

CP^n中CR一积子流形的性质

本文进一步讨论了CP^n中一类全实子流形的性质。

MPV作为自体骨髓移植后造血重建观察指标的初步探讨

ＭＰＶ作为自体骨髓移植后造血重建观察指标的初步探讨汕头大学医学院第一附属医院（５１５０４１）蔡应木，郑庆棠，刘元生，黄美俊，黄让云我院于９４年４月至９５年１２月为三例急性白血病患者施行自体骨髓移植（ＡＢＭＴ）术，均获造血重建。我们除观察传统造血重建指...

Relationship between partial and average atomic volumes of components in Au-Ni alloys

In the framework of systematic science of alloys,the average molar property（volume and potential energy） functions of disordered alloys were established.From these functions,the average molar property functions,partial molar property functions,derivative functions with respect to composition,general equation of relationship between partial and average molar properties of components,difference equation and constraining equation of different values between partial and average molar properties,as well as general Gibbs-Duhem formula were derived.It was proved that the partial molar properties calculated from various combinative functions of average molar properties of alloys are equal,but in general,the partial molar properties are not equal to the average molar properties of a given component.This means that the partial molar properties cannot represent the corresponding properties of the component.All the equations and functions established in this work were proved to be correct by calculating the results of partial and average atomic volumes of components as well as average atomic volumes of alloys in the Au-Ni system.

木材船装载能力的确定

由于木材船的结构和装载特殊性,船舶的装载能力受到若干因素的限制,包括具体航次对吃水的限制、甲板货结冰和甲板货吸水重量的增加、驾驶台望视线的限制、甲板强度的限制、安全航行对稳性的要求。依据不同的装载情况,提出木材船装载能力的具体确定方法。

Quantitative estimation of social stock for metals Al and Cu in China

Social stock for metal determines secondary or recoverable resources to a certain extent.Top-down analysis method for the studying of metal in social stock was given.Influences of metal consumption under three circumstances,that is keeping constant,varying in a linear trend and in an exponential trend,on one kind of metal’s social stock,recyclable ratio and average age were analyzed.Al-contents and Cu-contents in social stock for China during the period 2006-2009 were calculated.The results reveal that Al-contents and Cu-contents in social stock kept increasing and reached 88.9 million tons and 51.4 millions tons in 2009,respectively,their average recyclable ratios are 1.45% and 0.30%,and the average ages are 4.65 years and 6.89 years,respectively.The recyclable ratios and average ages of Al-contents and Cu-contents in social stock will rise in future along with the decline of the increasing rate of aluminum consumption and copper consumption.

钻颅定向碎吸、引流术治疗高血压性脑出血

1992年以来,我们应用钻颅定向碎吸、引流术治疗高血压性脑出血40例,取得了满 意的疗效,现报道如下。1.临床资料1.1钻颅碎吸引流治疗组:根据脑血管疾病特点及头颅CT检查结果均诊断为高血压性脑出血,共40例,其中男24例,女16例;

日本の寒地,北海道の稲作限界地帯におけるもち米の硬化性,糊化特性および炊飯米物理特性の年次間地域間差異と発生要因(日语原文)

北海道もち米の6地域4カ年における搗き餅の硬化性と糊化特性を調査した。それらの最小値最大値の差異および変動係数は,年次間が地域間に比べ大きく,年次間と地域間との比の大きさおよび特性間の相関係数から,同比の小さい順にⅠ群の最高粘度とブレークダウン,Ⅱ群の最低粘度,最終粘度およびコンシステンシー,Ⅲ群の糊化開始温度,最高粘度到達温度,最高粘度到達時間および硬化性に分けられた。年次間ではこれら3群の糊化特性の中で,Ⅱ群とⅢ群において硬化性と正の相関関係が認められ,Ⅲ群で最も明確であった。また,出穂後40日間の日平均積算気温(登熟気温)が高いほどⅡ群,Ⅲ群および硬化性が高くなり,その関係はⅢ群と硬化性で最も明確であった。一方,地域間ではこれらの関係が概して明確ではなかった。さらに,精米蛋白質含有率が高いほど,Ⅰ群とⅡ群では年次間と地域間とも,Ⅲ群では年次間のみで,特性値が低くなった。また,炊飯米の物理特性で,平年並みの登熟気温年産と高温の登熟気温年産を比べると,平年登熟年産は柔らかいが粘りが弱く食味が劣るものの,5℃24时間貯蔵より硬くなりにくく柔らかさが持続した。一方,高温登熟年産は粘りが強く5℃24时間貯蔵により硬くなり,粘りもやや低下した。また,高蛋白ほど,両年産とも粘りが弱く食味が低下する傾向にあり,良食味もち米生産のため低蛋白米生産技術が重要であった。

利用多元统计分析进行学生成绩综合评价

成绩,是衡量一个学生学习能力好坏的重要指标。为了便于老师教学、学生学习,本文采用了平均分模型、平均学分积模型,主成分分析、因子分析等方法对学生成绩进行量化考核,综合评价,得到预期结果,并根据所得结果分析各种方法的优劣。

漂移时间离子淌度-四极杆-飞行时间串联质谱法分析寡糖同分异构体

分析糖类分子的结构是研究生物功能的必要前提,然而一种糖类常存在多种同分异构体,传统方法难以实现快速有效鉴别。本研究使用漂移时间离子淌度-四极杆-飞行时间串联质谱法将乙腈-水-甲酸溶液中的寡糖同分异构体分子经过电喷雾电离源电离,在漂移管内实现基于离子分子结构和带电荷数的分离,离子在四极杆中碎裂,最终被飞行时间质谱检测。寡糖同分异构体离子到达检测器的时间相差0.15~0.66 ms,能实现部分分离。此外,探讨了离子淌度-质谱(IM-MS)谱图分析时存在的多聚体碎片离子干扰问题。二级质谱使用注射泵直接进样,研究寡糖金属加合离子的裂解方式用于辨别同分异构体。最后,计算了两个寡糖系列的平均碰撞横截面积,可据此使用线性拟合预测同系列更长糖链离子的平均碰撞横截面积值。研究结果表明,漂移时间离子淌度-四极杆-飞行时间串联质谱法能有效实现寡糖同分异构体的定性分析。

Using ^(137)Cs Tracing Methods to Estimate Soil Redistribution Rates and to Construct a Sediment Budget for a Small Agricultural Catchment in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region,China

Soil erosion and associated off-site sedimentation are threatening the sustainable use of the Three Gorges Dam. To initiate management intervention to reduce sediment yields, there is an increasing need for reliable information on soil erosion in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region （TGRR）. The purpose of this study is to use 137Cs tracing methods to construct a sediment budget for a small agricultural catchment in the TGRR. Cores were taken from a pond and from paddy fields, for laTCs measurements. The results show that the average sedimentation rate in the pond since 1963 is 1.50 g cm-2 yr-1 and the corresponding amount of sediment deposited is 1,553 t. The surface erosion rate for the sloping cultivated lands and the sedimentation rate in the paddy fields were estimated to be 3,770 t km-2 yr-1 and 2,600 t km-2 yr^1 respectively. Based on the estimated erosion and deposition rates, and the area of each unit, the post 197o sediment budget for the catchment has been constructed. A sediment delivery ratio of 0.5 has been estimated for the past 42 years. The data indicate that the sloping cultivated lands are the primary sediment source areas, and that the paddy fields are deposition zones. The typical land use pattern （with the upper parts characterized by sloping cultivated land and the lower parts by paddy fields） plays an important role in reducing sediment yield from agricultural catchments in the TGRR. A 137Cs profile for the sediment deposited in a pond is shownto provide an effective means of estimating the land surface erosion rate in the upstream catchment.

Responses of Primary Productivity to Current and Climate Changes in the Mud Area to the Southwest of Cheju Island During the Past 800 Years

The biogenic silica (BSi) ,total organic carbon (TOC) ,total nitrogen (TN) and grain size were analyzed with a gravity core (3250-6) collected from the mud area in the north East China Sea.The average deposition rate of the upper core was about 0.078cm yr1based on the results of 210Pbex.The mean grain size increased with depth in general.The frequency distribution of grain size showed that two marked changes of deposition environment occurred at 30 cm and 50 cm depths (about 1550 AD and 1300 AD,respectively) .The variations of BSi and TOC indicated two distinct major periods of primary productivity over the past 800 years:a stage of low primary productivity corresponding to weak upwelling and low nutrient input below 30 cm depth (about 1200-1550 AD) ,and a stage of high primary productivity with strong currents and upwelling above 30 cm depth (about 1550-1950 AD) .The stage with high primary productive appeared to be due to the northward-expanded muddy area caused by strong Asian Winter Monsoon and enhanced Yellow Sea Warm Current in winter.In conclusion,the BSi and TOC in the muddy sediments,the symbols of marine primary productivity,can be then used to investigate the evolution history of currents and relative climate change in the offshore areas.

Study on the Marine Sedimentary Environment Evolution of the Southern Laizhou Bay Under the Impact of Port Projects

The southern Laizhou Bay is mainly composed of silt-sandy coasts with diverse landforms, and its marine hydrodynamic environment is sensitive to human activities. Marine hydrodynamic and sedimentary environments of the study area have changed under the influence of large-scale port projects in recent years. In this paper, the evolution of hydrodynamic environment, deposition rate, and geochemical characteristics were studied based on sediment grain size, element analysis and ^(210)Pb dating of two cores, in order to analyze the influence of Weifang Port on marine environmental evolution, and provide theoretical and practical basis for protecting marine environment in developing marine resources reasonably. Results showed that sediments of the two cores were relatively coarser and mainly composed of silty sand. Sediments above 230 cm in core WF1 and 218 cm in core WF2 were deposited since 1855 when the Yellow River appeared to deposit its sediments within the modern active delta, and the average deposition rate was between 0.3 and 0.5 cm a^(-1). Implement of Weifang Port projects in 1997 and 2007 created great influence on the sedimentary environment evolution in the surrounding waters, and the deposition rate was significantly increased. The average annual deposition rates were 5.1 cm and 3.5 cm in WF1 and WF2 respectively between 1997 and 2007. Content of heavy metals in sediments showed no obvious change in the vertical, indicating that the heavy metals were less affected by human activity and there was no significant accumulation of such metals in the study area.

Three Gorges Dam Controls Sediment Coarsening of the Mud Patch on the Inner East China Sea Shelf

The well-known Three Gorges Dam(TGD) within the Yangtze catchment launched its operation in 2003. The effect of the TGD operation on the sediment size on the East China Sea shelf is rarely known. High resolution(0.5 cm sampling) grain size analysis and 137 Cs and 210 Pb dating of the DH8-1 core were conducted with core collected from the distal part of a main sink for the modern Yangtze sediment entering the sea, the Min-Zhe Coastal Mud Deposits(MZCMD) on the inner East China Sea shelf. The 137 Cs dating results show that the core DH8-1 formed during 1946–2012 with a mean deposition rate of 0.65 cm yr^(-1), indicating that the 0.5 cm sampling for grain size analysis in this local area could reflect environmental changes generally on a one-year time scale. The mean grain size of DH8-1 core sediment that deposited after 2003 is significantly larger than that deposited during 1988–2002. After ruling out other possible factors, we infer that the sediment coarsening of DH8-1 core after 2003 is attributed to the TGD operation which causes the erosion of the Yangtze subaqueous delta. Specifically, the TGD operation significantly intensifies the declining trend of the Yangtze sediment loads to the sea despite no decreased water discharge, which results in extensive erosion of the Yangtze subaqueous delta. The relatively coarse sediment of the subaqueous delta is eroded and resuspended by ocean dynamics and then transported by coastal current, finally depositing on the MZCMD area. In addition, the general sediment fining of core DH8-1 that deposited during 1988–2002, comparing with 1946–1987, is mainly caused by dam construction and soil and water conservation within the Yangtze catchment. Our findings are helpful for better understanding the effects of such a huge dam as the TGD on a sediment sink like the MZCMD of such a large river as the Yangtze River.

Glacier Variation in Response to Climate Change in Chinese Tianshan Mountains from 1989 to 2012

Based on the 1990, 2000 and 2011 Landsat TM/ETM+ remote sensing data, glacier information of three periods in the Chinese Tianshan Mountains were extracted by using ratio threshold method(TM3/TM5) and visual interpretation, combined with digital processing of satellite images and analysis in GIS. The climate data in the surrounding area were analyzed by using linear regression, Mann-Kendall abrupt test, and Morlet wavelet analysis. Study results showed that: over the 23 years investigation, the glacier areas have markedly decreased. In the last 12 years(2000 to 2011), the rate of retreat has begun to accelerate. The most dramatic glacier shrinkage occurred in the central region, the lowest in the eastern region. The mean summer temperature and warm precipitation in Chinese Tianshan Mountains had an increasing trend, with rates of 0.22°C /10 a and 5.1mm/10 a from 1960 to 2011, respectively. Mean summer temperature have experienced a strong increase in 1998. The analysis of the results showed that the rise of mean summer temperature was the main factor that contributed to glacier shrinkage. Regional differences of glacier area changes were investigated by analyzing glacier behavior in five study sub-regions; regional differences are related to local climate, to the relative proportion of glaciers in different size classes, altitudinal and aspect distribution of glaciated areas. In addition, the lag theory indicated that glaciers may accelerate the retreat in the next decade, considering climate trends recognized for the period 2000-2011.