上博简《颂》之“平德”与《大雅》“盛德”对解

周代典乐制度演诗辅政,综合演诗流程是对周代宗法统治秩序的艺术化展演,是对伦理政治内涵的艺术表述,又是诗乐政治教化的流程,《诗》成为承载周礼政治的重要媒介,这决定了《诗》在结集过程中合典乐之需是关键,《颂》、《大雅》为天子乐,《颂》典于祭祀,《大雅》歌于飨燕,二者在演诗活动中不同的政治使命形成不同的典乐表现风貌,上海博物馆藏战国楚竹书《孔子诗论》以为《颂》与《大雅》的表现风格有"平德"与"盛德"之别,是对《颂》与《大雅》的典乐政治意蕴与艺术风貌的特征性总结,充分证实了周代典乐制度是以多样化的演诗形式为天子至尊的宗法政治建构多层面的政治保障机制以及思想规范体系。

斯平德勒教育人类学50年对我国的启示

乔治·斯平德勒(George.D.Spindler)被称为"美国文化教育人类学之父",他首次尝试将教育学和人类学两大学科结合起来,运用人类学的概念和方法分析教育过程中所产生的各种问题。本文通过对斯平德勒在《教育人类学50年1950-2000》选集中各种教育研究方法和案例的介绍,得出对我国教育人类学发展的启示,有着一定的借鉴意义。

论先秦时期“心平德和”的音乐思想

春秋时期,关于音乐教育的思想大都是以治国为邦为出发点来进行理论阐述的,并把音乐与政治作为共生问题来对待,因此就有了'心平德和'的乐教思想。这一思想是将音乐欣赏与治国之道联系起来,强调了音乐的和谐对道德形成的促进作用以及人心稳定的教化作用。

钼业市场价格预测的季节修正非线性时滞模型

本文根据协整理论对2002年8月至2006年7月间美国、欧洲、中国及日本四个市场钼铁价格的历史数据进行了实证分析,发现其间存在显著的协整关系,选取美国市场钼铁价格作为钼业市场价格走势标杆进行计量经济建模,并基于该季节修正非线性时滞模型预测,对钼价变动趋势进行辨识。

道德三品与法律特区

道德与法律既有明显区别 ,又有一定的关系。在中国现时代 ,道德可分三品 ,即至德、高德、平德。不同品的道德应不同地对待。“道德法律化”是必需的 ,但更须强调法律实行的问题。

Improved slope safety analysis by new Druker-Prager type criterion

Based on Mohr-Coulomb （M-C） criterion, the parameters of Druker-Prager （D-P） criterion for geomaterial were determined under non-associated flow rule, and thus a new D-P type criterion was presented. Two assumptions were employed during the derivation： 1） principal strains by M-C model and D-P model are equal, and 2） the material is under plane strain condition. Based on the analysis of the surface on rt plane, it is found that the proposed D-P type criterion is better than the D-P criterion with M-C circumscribed circle or M-C inscribed circle, and is applicable for stress Lode angle less than zero. By comparing the predicted results with the test data of sand under plane strain condition and other D-P criteria, the proposed criterion is verified and agrees well with the test data, which is further proved to be better than other D--P type criteria in certain range of Lode angle. The criterion was compiled into a finite difference package FLAC3D by user-subroutine, and was used to analyze the stability of a slope by strength reduction method. The predicted slope safety factor from the proposed criterion agrees well with that by Spencer method, and it is more accurate than that from classic D-P criteria.

Has the regional Hadley circulation over western Pacific during boreal winter been strengthening in recent decades?

Previous studies suggest a robust intensification of the zonally averaged hadley circulation(HC)during boreal winter in recent decades,but little is known regarding the regional HC.This study investigates long-term trends of the winter regional HC over the western pacific(WPHC)since 1979 using six reanalysis datasets.It is found that there are large discrepancies in the long-term trends of WPHC intensity among the six datasets.Specifically,three of the six reanalyses(erainterim,20CR and CFSR)show no discernible long-term trends,whereas NCEP-1,NCEP-2 and JRA-55 display pronounced intensification tendencies.Results in this study suggest that,although the warming trend of SST in the western tropical pacific identified in previous studies is robust,uncertainty remains regarding the long-term trends in the WPHC intensity.This raises a question about the factors involved in changes of the WPHC intensity.

Ethics as an Active Self-construction of the Human

This paper will attempt to clarify the clear tendency, in our contemporary world, to look at ethics as something that ＂cures＂ all wrongs, all unbalance, and all evils from the political, environmental, to the business ones. For this reason, there is nothing better than to turn to ethics in order to ＂moralise＂ the system and the world, when the numerous news of fraud, injustice, and scandals are a part of everyday life in the business world and in our society. But, is this the role of ethics？ Can we reduce the aim of ethics to a mere technique？ In this paper, it is argued that ethics needs to be replaced in the epistemological scale of knowledge, where until now it has occupied a place at the top. Ethics needs to be repositioned in a different level of knowledge where we may find the roots of its foundation. It is also discussed that it is at the core of being that the experience of the action takes place and develops and in it, ethics takes root. Furthermore, it is suggested that understanding ethics from this point of view presupposes a new ethos around a relational poietics which privileges inter-subjectivity, self-creation, and an active and dynamic construction of the human and of the world.

Econnect Germany -Testing of an Electric Minibus Designed for Public Transportation

Within the econnect project （funded by the German Ministry of Economics and Technology）, a battery electric passenger bus on the basis of a Mercedes Sprinter City 65 has been tested on public roads. Driving without local emissions, high energy efficiency and reduced energy costs are the main advantages of electric drivetrains. Otherwise the limited energy content of the battery reduces range and availability of electric propelled vehicles. Passenger buses in public transportation systems are usually driving on inner-urban routes and have an average driving speed of app. 20 km/h. Next to that breaks at the end of service offer the possibility to recharge the battery so that the average daily driving distance can be easily covered by electric buses. This paper presents the results of test drives on urban and extra-urban bus routes for the electric bus and a second bus with a conventional diesel engine.

Implementation of the Contract

This is a fimdamental relationship ＂contract＂ in Hilbert geometric axiom system. But the axiom system does not define how contracts are implemented, requires only basic objects and relations contracts to meet the basic axioms I - V . But in Euclidean geometry is intuitive to put a ＂contract＂ understood as a ＂movement.＂ Now we are in the framework of Hilbert geometric axiom system, to ＂contract＂ and we have been accustomed to ＂movement＂ link, for simplicity, we have limited the discussion to the Euclidean plane geometry.

New Media in the Big Data Era and the Great United Front Work in Colleges and Universitie

The united front work is an important part of the general pattern of united front work, and it is an important part of the party building in colleges and universities. It involves broad, comprehensive, democratic, non-party intellectuals, Religion, returned overseas Chinese, Taiwan compatriots and Taiwan overseas students and other aspects of the task, is the microcosm of the united front work and the window. Colleges and universities is an important base for cultivating talents. Teachers ‘teaching level and ideology and morality all directly affect young students’ outlook on life and values. Fully mobilize the enthusiasm and creativity of non-party people, is conducive to schools to complete the dissemination of knowledge, training the sacred mission of talent, help to promote the work of the school center to complete. The wide application of new media has provided new opportunities and new challenges for the united front work in colleges and universities.

EVALUATION OF RAT MODEL OF CHRONIC GLAUCOMA BY LIGATING EPISCLERAL VEINS

Objective To develop and evaluate the rat model of chronic glaucoma by episcleral veins ligation （EVL）. Methods Experimental glaucoma was induced unilaterally in 28 male Sprague-Dawley rats by ligating two episcleral veins. Intraocular pressure （10P） in rats was measured by a Goldmann applanation tonometer under 3 % pentobarbital sodium anesthesia. The optic nerve head and retinal vasculature were assessed by repeated fundus examinations. The amount of optic nerve axons was assessed by Image-Pro Plus image analysis system in a masked fashion. Results lOP without EVL was （ 19.21 ± 1.23） mmHg, whereas the EVL eyes gained about 1.8-fold higher 10P[ （33.96 ±2. 73） mmHg]after EVL immediately （ P 〈 0. 001 ）. The elevated IOP gradually decreased over time. However, the differences were kept significant up to 8 weeks after EVL. The lOP was reduced to similar levels as contralateral eyes at 12 and 16 weeks after EVL. The glaucomatous optic nerve excavation appeared in EVL eyes at 8 weeks after EVL, and the optic nerve excavation enlarged gradually with the increasing post-operation time. The amount of optic nerve axons also significantly decreased in EVL eyes at 8 weeks after EVL, and the amount of axons decreased gradually with the increasing post-operation time. Conclusion Increase of lOP caused by EVL represents a useful and efficient model of experimental glaucoma in rats.

Fault Type Analysis along the San Andreas Fault Zone: A Numerical Approach

Finite Element (FE) modeling under plane stress condition is used to analyze the fault type variation with depth along and around the San Andreas Fault (SAF) zone. In this simulation elastic rheology was used and was thought justifiable as the variation in depth from 0.5 km to 20 km was considered. Series of calculations were performed with the variation in domain properties. Three types of models were created based on simple geological map of California, namely, 1) single domain model considering whole California as one homogeneous domain, 2) three domains model including the North American plate, Pacific plate, and SAF zone as separate domains, and 3) Four domains model including the three above plus the Garlock Fault zone. Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion and Byerlee's law were used for the calculation of failure state. All the models were driven by displacement boundary condition imposing the fixed North American plate and Pacific plate motion along N34°W vector up to the northern terminus of SAF and N50°E vector motion for the subducting the Gorda and Juan de Fuca plates. Our simulated results revealed that as the depth increased, the fault types were generally normal, and at shallow depth greater strike slip and some thrust faults were formed. It is concluded that SAF may be terminated as normal fault at depth although the surface expression is clearly strike slip.

《薛平辽金貂记》对《敬德不伏老》的继承与发展

明万历年间金陵富春堂刊本《薛平辽金貂记》,是根据元杂剧《敬德不伏老》和薛仁贵的相关传说,合并改编而成。从《薛平辽金貂记》对《敬德不伏老》情节的增删以及调换等方面分析其情节结构的演变,发现其对人物形象塑造起了至关重要的作用。通过尉迟恭这个核心人物的考察,把握忠、孝主题的演变;从揭露封建帝王"良弓藏,走狗烹"的本质,到对奸臣李道宗的愤懑,对含冤入狱的薛仁贵的同情和为友打抱不平的尉迟恭的赞赏,从而体现了其主题思想的演变。对这些内容的考察,有利于认识《薛平辽金貂记》的演变轨迹,为当下的戏曲改编提供经验。

咏垂钓

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Reverse Bonnesen style inequalities in a surface X_∈~2 of constant curvature

We investigate the isoperimetric deficit upper bound, that is, the reverse Bonnesen style inequality for the convex domain in a surface X2 of constant curvature ε via the containment measure of a convex domain to contain another convex domain in integral geometry. We obtain some reverse Bonnesen style inequalities that extend the known Bottema＇s result in the Euclidean plane E2.

Global smoothing for the periodic Benjamin equation in low-regularity spaces

This paper is intended as an attempt to set up the global smoothing for the periodic Benjamin equation. It is shown that for Hs（T） initial data with 8 〉 -1/2 and for any s 〈 s1〈 min{s ＋ 1,3s ＋ 1}, the difference of the evolution with the linear evolution is in Hs1 （T） for all times, with at most polynomial growing HS1 norm. Unlike Korteweg-de Vries （KdV） equation, there are less symmetries of the Benjamin system, especially for the resonant function. The new ingredient is that we need to deal with some new difficulties that are caused by the lack of symmetries.

Performance of a single-stage Linde-Hampson refrigerator operating with binary refrigerants at the temperature level of-60°C

The optimization of the performance of a single-stage Linde-Hampson refrigerator （LHR） operating with six different binary refrigerants （R23/R134a, R23/R227ea, R23/R236ea, R170/R290, R170/R600a and R170/R600） with ozone depletion potentials （ODPs） of zero was conducted using a new approach at the temperature level of-60℃. Among these binary refrig- erants, the 0.55 and the 0.6 mole fractions of R23 for R23/R236ea are the most prospective nonflammable ones for the medium and low suction pressure compressors, respectively. For these two kinds of compressors, the 0.6 and the 0.65 mole fractions of R170 for R 170/R600, respectively, are the most prospective binary refrigerants with low global warming potentials （GWPs）. The results of optimization of pressure levels indicate that the optimum low pressure value for coefficients of performance （COP） is achieved when the minimum temperature differences occur at both the hot and the cold ends of the recuperator at a specified composition and pressure ratio. Two useful new parameters, the entropy production per unit heat recuperated and the ratio of heat recuperating capacity to the power consumption of the compression, were introduced to analyze the exergy loss ratio in the recuperator. The new approach employed in this paper also suggests a promising application even to the optimization of the performance with multi-component refrigerants.

The Gaussian approximation for generalized Friedman's urn model with heterogeneous and unbalanced updating

The Friedman's urn model is a popular urn model which is widely used in many disciplines.In particular,it is extensively used in treatment allocation schemes in clinical trials.Its asymptotic properties have been studied by many researchers.In literature,it is usually assumed that the expected number of balls added at each stage is a constant in despite of what type of balls are selected,that is,the updating of the urn is assumed to be balanced.When it is not,the asymptotic property of the Friedman's urn model is stated in the book of Hu and Rosenberger(2006) as one of open problems in the area of adaptive designs.In this paper,we show that both the urn composition process and the allocation proportion process can be approximated by a multi-dimensional Gaussian process almost surely for a general multi-color Friedman type urn model with heterogeneous and unbalanced updating.The Gaussian process is a solution of a stochastic differential equation.As an application,we obtain the asymptotic properties including the asymptotic normality and the exact law of the iterated logarithm.