针对软件定义网络(software defined network,SDN)负载全局优化问题,受生物界群集运动的启发,以实现当前分布式全网状态感知、全局优化目标、区域自主协同为目标,研究了基于群集运动智能的SDN业务传输优化技术。为满足上层业务对网络传...针对软件定义网络(software defined network,SDN)负载全局优化问题,受生物界群集运动的启发,以实现当前分布式全网状态感知、全局优化目标、区域自主协同为目标,研究了基于群集运动智能的SDN业务传输优化技术。为满足上层业务对网络传输性能的需求,根据传输时延、网络吞吐量等性能指标,在多目标优化约束条件下,通过业务聚类定义针对各业务的平稳流,并将平稳流内共同协作的节点相结合定义为平稳流协作场。协作场内的节点通过收集网络状态信息并在协作场内共享,实现网络状态的快速感知及决策。协作场之间各个平稳流以不同的带宽、时延等网络传输需求运行,使得平稳流获得了确定的资源抢占成功率,从而以稳定速率传输。针对基于平稳流的业务传输优化技术,给出了基于群集运动协同方式的流量工程处理体系和业务优化方案,并对该体系下群智节点的感知认知、业务聚类分析、平稳流协作场构建、协同智能决策优化方法、优化流程、节点架构等进行分析阐述。展开更多
Stochastic characteristics of the Benue River streamflow process are examined under conditions of data austerity. The streamflow process is investigated for trend, non-stationarity and seasonality for a time period of...Stochastic characteristics of the Benue River streamflow process are examined under conditions of data austerity. The streamflow process is investigated for trend, non-stationarity and seasonality for a time period of 26 years. Results of trend analyses with Mann-Kendall test show that there is no trend in the annual mean discharges. Monthly flow series examined with seasonal Kendall test indicate the presence of positive change in the trend for some months, especially the months of August, January, and February. For the stationarity test, daily and monthly flow series appear to be stationary whereas at 1%, 5%, and 10% significant levels, the stationarity alternative hypothesis is rejected for the annual flow series. Though monthly flow appears to be stationary going by this test, because of high seasonality, it could be said to exhibit periodic stationarity based on the seasonality analysis. The following conclusions are drawn： （1） There is seasonality in both the mean and variance with unimodal distribution. （2） Days with high mean also have high variance. （3） Skewness coefficients for the months within the dry season period are greater than those of the wet season period, and seasonal autocorrelations for streamflow during dry season are generally larger than those of the wet season. Precisely, they are significantly different for most of the months. （4） The autocorrelation functions estimated ＂over time＂ are greater in the absolute value for data that have not been deseasonalised but were initially normalised by logarithmic transformation only, while autocorrelation functions for i = 1, 2 365 estimated ＂over realisations＂ have their coefficients significantly different from other coefficients.展开更多
Segmental perforation is widely used for horizontal wells. However,the flow of fluid in porous media is a complex problem. Using the Fourier transform,principle of potential superposition,trigonometric function transf...Segmental perforation is widely used for horizontal wells. However,the flow of fluid in porous media is a complex problem. Using the Fourier transform,principle of potential superposition,trigonometric function transform,asymptotic analyses,a pressure solution of a pseudo steady-state flow model in 3D circular-boxed media has been established. Comparing with the productivity of vertical wells,an equivalence radius model can be obtained. Based on the model,a method of evaluating the productivity of segmental perforation horizontal well is presented by means of principle of superposition. It shows that the equivalence radius is different for various positions of horizontal wells; the output of both ends of horizontal wells is greater than the others under the same length of perforation interval; it is more important to obtain high productivity by increasing the length of perforation interval than enlarging the spacing between perforation intervals. The result of this research can be used to ascertain the yield of each perforated interval.展开更多
文摘针对软件定义网络(software defined network,SDN)负载全局优化问题,受生物界群集运动的启发,以实现当前分布式全网状态感知、全局优化目标、区域自主协同为目标,研究了基于群集运动智能的SDN业务传输优化技术。为满足上层业务对网络传输性能的需求,根据传输时延、网络吞吐量等性能指标,在多目标优化约束条件下,通过业务聚类定义针对各业务的平稳流,并将平稳流内共同协作的节点相结合定义为平稳流协作场。协作场内的节点通过收集网络状态信息并在协作场内共享,实现网络状态的快速感知及决策。协作场之间各个平稳流以不同的带宽、时延等网络传输需求运行,使得平稳流获得了确定的资源抢占成功率,从而以稳定速率传输。针对基于平稳流的业务传输优化技术,给出了基于群集运动协同方式的流量工程处理体系和业务优化方案,并对该体系下群智节点的感知认知、业务聚类分析、平稳流协作场构建、协同智能决策优化方法、优化流程、节点架构等进行分析阐述。
基金Supported by the Post Graduate Research Fund from Federal Government of Nigeria under the BEA Scholarship Program （No.CSC2005566002）
文摘Stochastic characteristics of the Benue River streamflow process are examined under conditions of data austerity. The streamflow process is investigated for trend, non-stationarity and seasonality for a time period of 26 years. Results of trend analyses with Mann-Kendall test show that there is no trend in the annual mean discharges. Monthly flow series examined with seasonal Kendall test indicate the presence of positive change in the trend for some months, especially the months of August, January, and February. For the stationarity test, daily and monthly flow series appear to be stationary whereas at 1%, 5%, and 10% significant levels, the stationarity alternative hypothesis is rejected for the annual flow series. Though monthly flow appears to be stationary going by this test, because of high seasonality, it could be said to exhibit periodic stationarity based on the seasonality analysis. The following conclusions are drawn： （1） There is seasonality in both the mean and variance with unimodal distribution. （2） Days with high mean also have high variance. （3） Skewness coefficients for the months within the dry season period are greater than those of the wet season period, and seasonal autocorrelations for streamflow during dry season are generally larger than those of the wet season. Precisely, they are significantly different for most of the months. （4） The autocorrelation functions estimated ＂over time＂ are greater in the absolute value for data that have not been deseasonalised but were initially normalised by logarithmic transformation only, while autocorrelation functions for i = 1, 2 365 estimated ＂over realisations＂ have their coefficients significantly different from other coefficients.
基金supported by the China National 973 Program (Grant No. 2003CB214602)
文摘Segmental perforation is widely used for horizontal wells. However,the flow of fluid in porous media is a complex problem. Using the Fourier transform,principle of potential superposition,trigonometric function transform,asymptotic analyses,a pressure solution of a pseudo steady-state flow model in 3D circular-boxed media has been established. Comparing with the productivity of vertical wells,an equivalence radius model can be obtained. Based on the model,a method of evaluating the productivity of segmental perforation horizontal well is presented by means of principle of superposition. It shows that the equivalence radius is different for various positions of horizontal wells; the output of both ends of horizontal wells is greater than the others under the same length of perforation interval; it is more important to obtain high productivity by increasing the length of perforation interval than enlarging the spacing between perforation intervals. The result of this research can be used to ascertain the yield of each perforated interval.
