膝关节平衡力线手法治疗内翻型膝骨关节炎的研究

目的:观察运用膝部平衡力线技术治疗内翻型骨性膝关节炎的临床疗效。方法:选择河南省洛阳正骨医院东花坛院区颈肩腰腿痛治疗中心收治的单侧KOA患者40例,采用随机数字表法随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组20例。两组均给予KOA基础疗法,包括优值牵引法、中药熏蒸、口服筋骨痛消丸及功能锻炼。对照组在KOA基础疗法上予常规推拿手法,3次/周。治疗组在KOA基础疗法基础上采用膝关节平衡力线手法,包括膝关节整体平衡手法和膝关节内外平衡手法。两组均连续治疗两周。结果:治疗组临床痊愈5例,显效10例,有效4例,无效1例,有效率为95.00%(19/20);对照组临床痊愈4例,显效7例,有效7例,无效2例,有效率为90.00%(18/20)。两组疗效对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后,两组西安大略和麦克斯特大学骨关节炎指数评分的总分、疼痛评分、僵硬评分、关节功能评分降低,且治疗组低于对照组(P<0.05);Lysholm评分升高,且治疗组高于对照组(P<0.05);治疗组胫骨角更接近正常值,且其改善程度优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:运用膝部平衡力线技术治疗骨性膝关节炎,能提升患者的膝关节功能和软组织张力,对下肢力线平衡的改善效果优于传统按摩手法。

基于平脊理论治疗膝关节骨性关节炎异常下肢力线临床观察

目的观察平脊理论指导下的治疗方案(平衡力线手法配合基础治疗)对早中期膝关节骨性关节炎(KOA)患者患肢下肢力线的改善情况。方法选取河南省洛阳正骨医院(河南省骨科医院)住院的KOA患者80例,随机分为试验组和对照组,每组40例。对照组采用膝关节骨性关节炎常规推拿手法治疗;试验组采用平脊疗法理论体系指导的膝关节平衡力线手法治疗。治疗后评价2组临床疗效。结果试验组治疗前后患膝胫股角(FTA)和胫骨内翻角(TP.TSA)变化差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但对照组治疗前后患膝变化差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论平脊理论指导下的治疗方案(平衡力线手法配合基础治疗)对早中期KOA患者的异常下肢力线有较好的治疗作用。

鲍铁周教授治疗膝骨关节炎的“三原则,四方法”理念经验总结

鲍铁周教授长期从事中医骨伤颈肩腰腿痛的非手术治疗,针对膝骨关节炎提出了“三原则,四方法”的诊治理念,即以动静平衡、内外平衡、整体平衡三个原则作为指导思想,运用优值牵引、手法松解、辨证用药、个性化功能锻炼四个非手术疗法为施治方案,临床治疗膝骨关节炎取得显著疗效。

Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics of Dark Energy on Cosmic Apparent Horizon

In recent several years,some works have been done on cosmic thermodynamics.The apparent horizonwas regarded as the key characteristic supersurface where thermodynamics can be built on perfectly.However,if theirreversible process is considered,the proper position for building thermodynamics will not be the apparent horizonanymore.The new position is related to dark energy state equation and the irreversible process parameters.

Tungsten removal from molybdate solutions using chelating ion-exchange resin:Equilibrium adsorption isotherm and kinetics

The equilibrium adsorption isotherm and kinetic of the sorption process for W and Mo on macro chelating resin D403 were investigated on single Na2 Mo O4 and Na2WO4 solutions.The sorption isotherm results show that the adsorption process of W obeys the Freundlich model very well whereas the exchange process with Mo approximately follows the Henry model.The kinetic experiments show that the intraparticle diffusion process was the rate-determining step for W sorption on the resin,and the corresponding activation energy is calculated to be 21.976 k J/mol.

Equilibrium and kinetics of copper ions removal from wastewater by ion exchange

The removal of copper ions from wastewater by ion exchange has been studied using an iminodiacetate resin.The capacity of the resin for the copper ions has been determined to be 2.30 mmol·g^(-1) by measuring the equilibrium isotherm at 25 °C and initial pH value of 3.5 where the final equilibrium p H value is 5. An analysis of equilibrium isotherm models showed that the best fit model was the Langmuir–Freundlich. The kinetics of the ion exchange process have been investigated and four kinetic models have been tested namely: Ritchie model, pseudo-second order model, pseudo-first order model and the Elovich model. The pseudo-second order model provides the best fit to the kinetic data.

Adsorption Isotherm and Kinetics of Dibenzofuran on Granular Activated Carbons

The adsorption of dibenzofuran on three commercial granular activated carbons (ACs) was investigated by dynamic experiment to correlate the adsorption equilibrium and kinetics with the structure of activated carbons.Physical properties including surface area, average pore diameter, micropore area and micropore volume of the activated carbons were characterized by N2 adsorption experiment on ASAP2010. To calculate the adsorption parameters, adsorption isotherm data were fitted to the Langmuir equation, and adsorption kinetic data were fitted to the linear driving force (LDF) diffusion model. From the correlation results, it is concluded that the adsorption equilibrium and diffusion coefficient of dibenzofuran on activated carbon are controlled respectively by the total adsorbent surface area and the adsorbent pore diameter.

Equilibrium and kinetic data of adsorption and separation for zirconium and hafnium onto MIBK extraction resin

The equilibrium and kinetics of methyl isobutyl ketone(MIBK) extraction resin for adsorption and separation of zirconium and hafnium were studied under the different conditions of acidity,initial total concentrations of zirconium and hafnium and temperature.The equilibrium data of both zirconium and hafnium are found to follow the Freundlich adsorption isotherm,and the Freundlich isotherm constants(KF) are 3.53 and 0.64 mg/g,respectively.The equilibrium data of zirconium also fit the Langmuir adsorption isotherm,and the saturation adsorption capacity(Qmax) and the Langmuir isotherm constant(KL)are 75.93 mg/g and-0.012 7 L/g,respectively.The obtained kinetic data of both zirconium and hafnium are found to fit the HO pseudo-second-order kinetic model,and the rate constants of pseudo-second-order equation(k2) are-0.019 and 0.41 g/(mg·min),respectively.Column tests show that the MIBK extraction resin could be used as efficient adsorbent material for separating hafnium from zirconium.

Cadmium sorption from aqueous solutions onto Iranian sepiolite:Kinetics and isotherms

This work aims to investigate the efficiency of Fariman sepiolite from Iran as an adsorbent to remove Cd from aqueous solutions. The effects of different experimental factors such as the initial Cd concentration, contact time and the sorbent dose were investigated through a series of batch adsorption experiments. The results show that the adsorption capacity of sepiolite for Cd increases with the contact time, the initial concentration of Cd solutions and the sorbent dose. Sorption of Cd by Fariman sepiolite is rapid within the first hour of the experiment and then slowly increases until a pseudo equilibrium is approached at 8 h. The results also show that the time-dependent Cd sorption data are better described with pseudo second-order （7〉0.999） than that of pseudo first-order （r2〉0.971） kinetic model. Equilibrium isotherm studies show that the experimental data are better correlated by the Freundlich adsorption isotherm （7〉0.995） than the Langmuir （P〉0.825）. It is suggested that both adsorption and cation exchange reactions are responsible for the sorption of Cd by the sepiolite, and the mineral has a very good potential to remove Cd from aqueous solutions.

Equilibrium and kinetics of adsorption of Ca(Ⅱ) ions onto KCTS and HKCTS

The adsorption of Ca（ II ） ions from aqueous solution by ehitosan a-ketoglutaric acid （KCTS） and hydroxamated chitosan a-ketoglutaric acid （HKCTS） was studied in a batch adsorption system. The Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models were applied to describing the equilibrium isotherms, and isotherm constants were determined. The kinetics of the adsorption with respect to the initial Ca（II） ions concentration, temperature and pH was investigated. The pseudo-first-order and second-order kinetic models were used to describe the kinetic data and the rate constants were evaluated. The results show that the experimental data fit well to the Langmuir isotherms with a high correlation coefficient （R2）. The pseudo-second-order rate expression provides the best fitting kinetic model. The pseudo second-order kinetic model is indicated with the activation energy of 26.22 kJ/mol and 6.16 kJ/mol for KCTS and HKCTS, respectively. It is suggested that the overall rate of adsorption of Ca（ II ） ions is likely to be controlled by the chemical process.

Controlling Nonlinear Dynamics in Continuous Crystallizers

Crystallization is used to produce vast quantities of materials. For several applications, continuous crystallization is often the best operation mode because it is able to reproduce better crystal size distributions than other operation modes. Nonlinear oscillation in continuous industrial crystallization processes is a well-known phenomenon leading to practical difficulties such that control actions are necessary. Nonlinear oscillation is a consequence of the highly nonlinear kinetics, different feedbacks between the variables and elementary processes taking place in crystallizers units, and the non-equilibrium thermodynamic operation. In this paper the control of a continuous crystallizer model that displays oscillatory behavior is addressed via two practical robust control approaches： （i） modeling error compensation, and （ii） integral high order sliding mode control. The controller designs are based on the reduced-order model representation of the population balance equations resulting after the application of the method of moments. Numerical simulations show good closed-loop performance and robustness properties

Adaptive trajectory tracking control of two-wheeled self-balance robot

Wheeled mobile robot is one of the well-known nonholonomic systems. A two-wheeled sell-balance robot is taken as the research objective. This paper carried out a detailed force analysis of the robot and established a non-linear dynamics model. An adaptive tracking controller for the kinematic model of a nonhotonomic mobile robot with unknown parameters is also proposed. Using control Lyapunov function （CLF）, the controller＇s global asymptotic stability has been proven. The adaptive trajectory tracking controller decreases the disturbance in the course of tracking control and enhances the real-time control characteristics. The simulation result indicated that the wheeled mobile robot tracking can be effectively controlled.

The uncertain analysis of micro agricultural project investment

We conduct uncertain analysis of micro agricultural project, including the break-even analysis of single product micro agricultural project, the boundary break-even points analysis of the double product micro agricultural project. We find out the critical point and the critical line of the break-everL We analyze the ability to resist risk. This analyses help the micro agricultural project＇s investors to price reasonably, forecast the earnings and make the correct decision.

Liquidus and phase equilibria in CaO-SiO2-5%MgO-20%Al2O3-TiO2 system

The single hot thermocouple technique （SHTT） and high temperature equilibrium technique were combined to investigate the phase diagram of the CaO-SiO2-5%MgO-20%AlzO3-TiO2 system. The 1300 ℃ to 1500 ℃ liquidus lines are calculated according to the thermodynamic equations based on the pseudo-melting temperatures measured by the single hot thermocouple technique. The phase equilibria relationships are experimentally determined at 1400 ℃ using the high temperature equilibria technique followed by X-ray fluorescence （XRF）, X-ray diffraction（XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy （EDX） analysis. The liquid phase（L）, melilite solid solution phase （（C2MSz,C2AS）ss）, diopside phase（CMS2） and perovskite phase （CaO·TiO2） are found. Coupled with the liquidus lines and equilibria results, the phase diagram is constructed for the specified region of the CaO-SiO2-5%MgO-20%Al2O3-TiO2 system.

Experimental Study on Stress Relaxation and Creep Properties of Human Thoracolumbar Vertebral Bodies and Intervertebral Discs

Objective:Underwater shock can produce extremely high accelerations, resulting in severe human injuries on shipboard, and human thoraco lumbar spines are prone to suffer from injuries by ship shock motion. To observe the viscoelasticity of thoracolumbar of young fresh cadavers, and to provide biomechanical parameters for both research and clinical practice. Materials and Methods:5 fresh young male cadavers (aged 22 to 31 years) were provided, and 15 thoracolumbar spinal anatomies of 5 samples were harvested within 1 hour of death. WE-10A universal testing machine was used for creep and relaxation tests.Results:Stress relaxation and creep deformation equations are derived from the biomechanics model and the measured and simulated curves are compared. The creep in vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs exhibited significantly changes in the first 5 min and 10 min, respectively. The stress rapidly decreased in the first 2 min, and then gradually went balance during the relaxation process. Conclusion:The change in creep rate is significant at early stage,and gradually slows down.This indicates that the differences between internal pressure and local pressure are decreased until balance. The simulated curve derived from equation coincides with the experimental data to a large degree, which states that the equation is rational and reliable.

Modeling of microbial growth bioprocesses： Equilibria and stability analysis

The paper addresses the analysis of nonlinear dynamical models of some microbial growth processes. Equilibrium points, stability analysis, and structural properties are studied for different bioprocesses with various kinetics structures. First, a simple micro- organism growth process on a single limiting substrate is widely analyzed. Second, a microbial growth process combined with an enzyme-catalyzed reaction is investigated. The analysis shows that these kinds of bioprocesses have multiple equilibria, stable or unstable, operational or non-operational. The partition of nonlinear model in linear and nonlinear parts via some structural properties leads to kinetic decoupling and facilitates the equilibria and stability analysis. The performed research is useful for model reduction and for the design of observers and control algorithms. To illustrate the study results, several numerical simulations are provided.