演出空间论:皮影戏艺术的“平轴”与“竖轴”

一切演出艺术无不有局限性。皮影戏的局限性既明确,又不能摆脱,这个局限就是影窗(亮子)。然而,恰恰是影窗,赋予影人以艺术生命,使之立于传统艺术之林,熠熠生辉。影窗的存在,构成了皮影戏平轴、竖轴的二维空间,二维成像的影人只能在同是二维的影窗上游弋。按理说,二维不能构成“空间”,但是对于皮影戏而言,不但可以,甚至是必须的。

平轴螺旋管流中的泥沙起旋

通过对水平轴圆管螺旋流水力特性的试验研究 ,以及对不同粒径组泥沙在局部起旋器产生沿程衰减螺旋流中不同运动状态的观察和量测及分析研究 ,探讨了泥沙由推移转变成“旋移”所要求的水力条件 ,为研究螺旋流高浓度输送提供了一定的技术指标。

平轴旋流中均匀悬粒质量沿极限轨迹圆半径的分布

本文建立了平轴旋流中均匀悬粒质量平衡律的极坐标基本方程式，并在文［１］条件下得到了当离心速度μ与径向紊动扩散系数ε都为常数或线性函数两种情况平衡时悬粒质量沿极限轨迹圆半径的分布。

世界体系网络化：全球产业分工的未来发展

产业分工在区域范围内和区域范围外的深化与变革,不仅塑造着全球经济的新发展,而且影响着世界格局的变迁。以东亚一体化为样本的"开放区域主义"为区域范围和全球范围内的产业分工发展提供了新的理论支撑,"平轴模式"与"双核模式"是产业分工在东亚区域的实践新样式",四环模式"与"网络模式"是产业分工在区域间合作与全球建构进程中呈现出的新思路。中国积极参与产业分工的区域化与全球化进程,以区域合作为基础,努力与世界其他国家一起构造基于区域间主义的全球分工合作网络框架,进而塑造更为合理与合作的国际关系新体系。

ZnO Films Synthesized by Solid-Source Chemical Vapor Deposition with c-Axis Parallel to Substrate

ZnO films with c -axis parallel to the substrate are reported.ZnO films are synthesized by solid-source chemical vapor deposition,a novel CVD technique,using zinc acetate dihydrate (solid) as the source material.The properties are characterized by X-ray diffraction,atomic force microscopy and transmission spectra.The parallel oriented ZnO films with mixed orientation for (100) and (110) planes are achieved on glass at the substrate temperature of 200℃ and the source temperature of 280℃,and a qualitative explanation is given for the forming of the mixed orientation.AFM images show that the surface is somewhat rough for the parallel oriented ZnO films.The transmission spectrum exhibits a high transmittance of about 85% in the visible region and shows an optical band gap about 3.25eV at room temperature.

Pseudolella major sp. nov.(Axonolaimidae, Nematoda) from the intertidal zone of the East China Sea

A new species of free-living nematode, Pseudolella major sp. nov. is described from the intertidal mudflats of Ximen Island in the East China Sea. Pseudolella major sp. nov. is characterized as follows： body length -1 300 μm; short cephalic setae, 2-3μm long; amphidial fovea loop-shaped with elongated ventral branch; ventral branch 50-60 μm long and extending past the base of buccal cavity; buccal cavity cylindrical with arching or spherical base; three heavy outwardly-curving odontia with blunt tips located at anterior of buccal cavity; pharynx short with posterior bulb; ventral gland cell elongate oval-shaped, located posterior to pharyngo-intestinal junction; excretory pore situated at the level of the middle of buccal cavity; tail conical to cylindrical; spicules arched, with double-cephalate proximal end; gubemaculum with a strong dorsal caudal apophysis.

A stabilized least-squares imaging condition with structure constraints

Conventional shot-gather migration uses a cross-correlation imaging condition proposed by Clarebout （1971）, which cannot preserve imaging amplitudes. The deconvolution imaging condition can improve the imaging amplitude and compensate for illumination. However, the deconvolution imaging condition introduces instability issues. The least-squares imaging condition first computes the sum of the cross-correlation of the forward and backward wavefields over all frequencies and sources, and then divides the result by the total energy of the forward wavefield. Therefore, the least-squares imaging condition is more stable than the classic imaging condition. However, the least-squares imaging condition cannot provide accurate results in areas where the illumination is very poor and unbalanced. To stabilize the least-squares imaging condition and balance the imaging amplitude, we propose a novel imaging condition with structure constraints that is based on the least-squares imaging condition. Our novel imaging condition uses a plane wave construction that constrains the imaging result to be smooth along geological structure boundaries in the inversion frame. The proposed imaging condition improves the stability of the imaging condition and balances the imaging amplitude. The proposed condition is applied to two examples, the horizontal layered model and the Sigsbee 2A model. These tests show that, in comparison to the damped least-squares imaging condition, the stabilized least-squares imaging condition with structure constraints improves illumination stability and balance, makes events more consecutive, adjusts the amplitude of the depth layers where the illumination is poor and unbalanced, suppresses imaging artifacts, and is conducive to amplitude preserving imaging of deep layers.

Simulation of rock deformation and mechanical characteristics using clump parallel-bond models

To properly simulate hard rock with a high ratio of the uniaxial compressive strength to tensile strength(UCS/TS) and realistic strength-failure envelope,the rock deformation and mechanical characteristics were discussed in detail when the particle simulation method with the clump parallel-bond model(CPBM) was used to conduct a series of numerical experiments at the specimen scale.Meanwhile,the effects of the loading procedure and crack density on the mechanical behavior of a specimen,which was modeled by the particle simulation method with the CPBM,were investigated.The related numerical results have demonstrated that:1) The uniaxial compressive strength(UCS),tensile strength(TS) and elastic modulus are overestimated when the conventional loading procedure is used in the particle simulation method with the CPBM; 2) The elastic modulus,strength and UCS/TS decrease,while Poisson ratio increases with the increase of the crack density in the particle simulation method with the CPBM; 3) The particle simulation method with the CPBM can be used to reproduce a high value of UCS/TS(>10),as well as a high friction angle and reasonable cohesion strength; 4) As the confining pressure increases,both the peak strength of the simulated specimen and the number of microscopic cracks increase,but the ratio of tensile cracks number to shear cracks number decreases in the particle simulation method with the CPBM; 5) Compared with the conventional parallel-bond model,the CPBM can be used to reproduce more accurate results for simulating the rock deformation and mechanical characteristics.

Impact of Kuroshio Extension dipole mode variability on the North Pacific storm track

An index of a large-scale Kuroshio Extension（KE） sea surface height dipole（KED） mode is constructed using satellite altimeter sea level anomaly observations from January 1993 to December 2015 based on previous work of the second author. It is found that the KED mode that undergoes a decadal variation from a negative phase（a positive-over-negative dipole, KED.） to a positive phase（a negative-over-positive dipole, KED＋） can affect the variability of the oceanic SST front and the North Pacific storm track. The results show that the oceanic SST fronts in the north of the KE region and in the KE region — referred to as the NSST and KSST fronts, respectively — are closely correlated with the KED mode. In the NSST front region, the SST front is stronger for KED. than for KED＋, and the opposite is the case in the KSST region. It is further revealed that the decadal phase transition of the KED mode can change the location and strength of the North Pacific storm track, with the North Pacific storm track being slightly weaker and moving more northwards as a whole during the KED. mode than during the KED＋ mode. The westerly wind associated with the storm track on the downstream side of the KE region intensifies and shifts northwards under KED. compared to KED＋.Furthermore, the transition of the KED mode gives rise to changes in the North Pacific storm track by changing the NSST and KSST fronts and meridional heat flux.

State Modeling Based Prediction of Torsional Resonances for Horizontal-Axis Drive Train Wind Turbine

This paper focuses on the state space modeling approach and output torques prediction of torsional vibrations for variable speed wind turbines. The multi-body system model under study is mainly comprised of a wind turbine, a three stage planetary gear box and an induction generator. The masses-springs approach of shaft system differential equations is developed from Newton＇s law and Lagrange formulas. For an easy comprehension for electrical engineers and tutorial purpose, an electrical equivalent circuit of the system is proposed by using mechanical and electrical components similarities. Extensive numerical simulations are performed to investigate system mechanical resonances and impacts of damping factors on the system dynamic and stability.

Sheet metal hardening curve determined by laminated sample and its adaptability to sheet forming processes

The hardening curve for sheet metal can be determined from the load-displacement curve of tensile specimen with rectangular cross-section. Therefore,uniaxial compression test on cylinder specimen made from laminated sample is put forward. Considering the influence of anisotropy on hardening properties and the stress state in popular forming process,plane strain compression test on cubic specimen made from laminated sample was advanced. Results show that the deformation range of hardening curves obtained from the presented methods is wide,which meets the need for the application in sheet metal forming processes. In view of the characteristics of methods presented in the paper and the stress strain state of various forming processes,the adaptability of the two methods presented in this paper is given.

Two types of coaxial self-balancing robots

Two types of coaxial self-balancing robots(CSBR)were proposed,one can be used as a mobile robot platform for parts transporting in unmanned factory or as an inspector in dangerous areas,and the other can be used as a personal transporter ridden in cities.Mechanical designing and control structures as well as control strategies were described and compared in order to get a general way to develop such robots.A state feedback controller and a fuzzy controller were designed for the robot using DC servo motors and the robot using torque motors,respectively.The experiments indicate that the robots can realize various desired operations smoothly and agilely at the velocity of 0.6 m/s with an operator of 65 kg.Furthermore,the robustness of the controllers is revealed since these controllers can stabilize the robot even with unknown external disturbances.

Torsional vibration analysis of lathe spindle system with unbalanced workpiece

For the purpose of analyzing the torsional vibration caused by the gravitational unbalance torque arisen in a spindle system when it is machining heavy work piece,a 10-DOF lumped parameter model was made for the machine tool spindle system with geared transmission.By using the elementary method and Runge-Kutta method in Matlab,the eigenvalue problem was solved and the pure torsional vibration responses were obtained and examined.The results show that the spindle system cannot operate in the desired constant rotating speed as far as the gravitational unbalance torque is engaged,so it may cause bad effect on machining accuracy.And the torsional vibration increases infinitely near the resonant frequencies,so the spindle system cannot operate normally during these spindle speed ranges.

Static and Dynamic Study of a Wind Turbine Blade with Horizontal Axis

In this work the authors present a calculation process of the blades for wind turbine with horizontal axis. It is about a blade discretized by the finite element method （FEM） in order to determine the gyroscopic effect during its rotation at a high speed. A blade must have the maximum output and resist to aerodynamic loads distributed over its length, which are related to its geometrical characteristics and the speed of the wind. For that, the authors wrote the relations whom determine these loads according to the flow speed of the wind, then, the authors integrated them in the laws of structure mechanics to obtain the motion equations of the blade. This process was applied to a twisted blade with a length of 1.9 m, built out of pressed aluminum sheet with a profile of the type NACA; this profile gives the best aerodynamic output. This blade is an element of a three-bladed propeller for wind turbine of maximum power 5 kW. Finally, we visualized its deformations and then the authors checked its holding in service.

Dicroerisma (Actiniscales, Dinophyceae) in the open Pacific Ocean, a gymnodinioid dinoflagellate with an endoskeleton

This study is the first to describe and illustrate the dinoflagellate genus Dicroerisma in the open Pacific Sea and in the southern hemisphere. Eleven individuals ascribed to Dicroerisma psilonereiella were encountered in subsurface waters (>70 m depth) from 34°N to 33°S. Another specimen that differs from the type is also illustrated. These findings reveal that Dicroerisma is a widespread genus and that there is tentative existence of another species within the genus.

Bearing Test for Gbps Broadband Wireless System

In this paper,we propose a wireless channel testing method and construct the test platform for the Gbps broadband wireless system.The proposed method is implemented to evaluate the transmission performance according to the acquired field test results.The results have shown that the proposed channel test algorithm is valid and efficient,which can continuously show the variation of system throughput,frame loss rate and latency.

Unified expression for failure of reinforced concrete members in bridge

Reinforced concrete structural elements with box section are commonly used in the horizontal and vertical structure of bridges. The reinforced concrete structure in bridge often failed under the combined forces of bending, axial load, shear and torsion caused by wind and earthquake. It is very important to study the mechanism of RC box section structures subjected to a combi-nation of forces. A theoretical study and deduction of the unified expression for failure of reinforced concrete members with box section under combined bending, shear, axial force and torsion were carried out with stress equilibrium assumption. Comparison of theoretical analysis results with experimental results showed that the unified expression for failure of reinforced concrete members with box section can be used for static calculation of such structure members.

Influence of CXCR4/SDF-1 axis on E-cadherin/β-catenin complex expression in HT29 colon cancer cells

AIM： To study the influence of CXCR4/stromal cell- derived factor-1 （SDF-1） axis on E-cadherin/β-catenin complex expression in HT29 colon cancer ceils and its underlying mechanisms. METHODS： Effect of SDF-1 on E-cadherin/β-catenin expression was detected by immunocytochemistry. E-cadherin and/3-catenin mRNA expression levels were measured by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. SDF-l-induced phosphorylation of phosphati- dylinositol 3-kinase （PI3K）/AKT and β-catenin was detected by Western blotting. RESULTS： The E-cadherin and β-catenin mRNA ex-pression levels in HT29 cells were lower 48 h after incubated with SDF-1 at the concentrations of 20 and 40 ng/mL （P 〈 0.05）. SDF-l-induced significant phosphorylation of PI3K/AKT and β-catenin. AMD3100 and LY294002 inhibited the phosphorylation of PI3K/AKT and β-catenin. CONCLUSION： SDF-1 down-regulates the E-cadherin/ β-catenin complex expression in HT29 cells by decreasing mRNA synthesis and increasing β-catenin phosphorylation.

Airfoil effects on efficiency of 2 MW horizontal axis wind turbine blades

Optimization of airfoil characteristics such as lift and drag is essential for high efficiency wind turbine blade design. In this research, effects of airfoil lift and drag on blade power coefficients were investigated by using of wind turbine blade design software, PROPID. Firstly, a wind turbine blade of 2MW class was designed with DU-serics airfoils in the inner part and with aNACA series airfoil as a main airfoil in the outer part. Lift distribution was set to have near L/D maximum at each span station. Then, lift and drag curves were modified to observe effect of L/D variation. Drag and lift change with constant L/D on blade power coefficient was also studied for sensitivity investigation. Each case was optimized with Newtonian iteration incorporated in PROPID. High design lift coefficient results in less chord length and twist angle to maintain same aerodynamic load level. And, power coefficient wasn＇t improved much with high L/D. During the process, optimal inputs such as lift distribution, design lift and induction factors were suggested. As results, it was found that L/D maximization was important to obtain high efficiency. For the L/D maximization, lift maximization was important to minimize structural weight, but decreasing drag didn＇t affect the blade shape.

The process analysis and improvement of the slender and flat shaft of track recorder

A slender and flat shaft is a key part of the track recorder in marine vessels. However, the axial straightness of the shaft often exceeds standard measurements after it is machined. It has also been found that its precision does not last a long time. After thorough analysis of these problems the main reasons that affect machining quality are identified-and a process modification plan is put forward that meets design requirements of the shaft. The production and practice indicate that the precision of the shaft is stable for a long period and the quality of products improved substantially after new measures were employed, securing the e accuracy of the track recording of the marine vessel.