The age-structure of natural population of Zoysia japonica in Xiuyan County of Liaoning Province was studied by generational method. The results showed that the highest tiller age class was three, but 1st age class ti...The age-structure of natural population of Zoysia japonica in Xiuyan County of Liaoning Province was studied by generational method. The results showed that the highest tiller age class was three, but 1st age class tillers held dominant posi-tion with proportions over 95% in each month during the growing seasons. The 2nd age class and 3rd age class tillers were minority in the population. So Z. japonica population was an expanding population. The zero age class buds on the rhizomes were dominant in buds age structures. The proportion of buds to tillers on quantity in each month was about 30% to 40% and reached the highest at the end of September. The increasing of buds proportion before dormancy guaranteed the quantity of tillers in the next spring. The biomass of 1st age class tillers changed with time. The biomass kept increasing from April to July and reached the highest at the end of July and then decreased.展开更多
Patients older than 65 years are the fastest growing segment of the cancer population. It is estimated that within 20 years over 75% of cases and 85% of deaths from colorectal cancer (CRC) will be in this setting. Con...Patients older than 65 years are the fastest growing segment of the cancer population. It is estimated that within 20 years over 75% of cases and 85% of deaths from colorectal cancer (CRC) will be in this setting. Concerns about cancer treatment in the elderly relate to comorbidities, which increase proportionally with age, physiological changes associated with aging which may influence drug metabolism and toxicity, and diminishing life expectancy, which particularly impacts decisions surrounding the benefits of adjuvant therapies. Over the last 10 years, significant improvements in the treatment of advanced CRC with combination therapy have been made. The randomized trials which have defined these improvements did not exclude elderly patients. However, the median age of patients in these trials has generally been approximately 60 years. Thus, it appears that some degree of selection is involved with younger and presumably fitter patients being the subjects in most of the pivotal trials. The availability of new molecularly targeted agents and newly improved existing agents has expanded the range of treatment options available. This variety gives greater flexibility in dealing with different subsets of patients, such as the elderly. However, some fit elderly patients seem to tolerate combination therapy reasonably well, while studies on unfit elderly subjects are needed.展开更多
For two decades, in France, an increasing number of activities and tourist services have been increasingly designed and structured to meet the needs and expectations of people with disabilities. This is as a result of...For two decades, in France, an increasing number of activities and tourist services have been increasingly designed and structured to meet the needs and expectations of people with disabilities. This is as a result of initiatives taken by many tourism and leisure operators, as well as actors from the medico-social worker＇s sector. There has also been the establishment of a national campaign, entrusted by the delegated Ministry of Tourism to the Tourism and Handicaps Association （ATH）. The campaign aims firstly, to make tourism accessible to customers with special needs, and secondly, to promote accessibility through the awarding of a certification label. Recently, a new label which defends accessibility in a specific area called ＂destination for all＂ has been created. This new label shows the evolution of accessibility from an ecological and systemic perspective which seems more practical and operational to respond to the daily needs and life of people with disabilities.展开更多
Neoarchaeology in America began in the 1950s, which challenged the traditional archaeology. Neoarehaeologists focused their attention on cultural ecology, used advanced scientific techniques such as computer and 14C d...Neoarchaeology in America began in the 1950s, which challenged the traditional archaeology. Neoarehaeologists focused their attention on cultural ecology, used advanced scientific techniques such as computer and 14C dating, and applied new theory and method in the study of archaeological data. This approach was a revolution in the history of archaeology.展开更多
The genesis of intermediate-silicic intrusive rocks and their enclaves in Tongling are closely related to Fe, Cu mineralization, which may provide petrologic informa- tion on lithospheric dynamics in this region. Tong...The genesis of intermediate-silicic intrusive rocks and their enclaves in Tongling are closely related to Fe, Cu mineralization, which may provide petrologic informa- tion on lithospheric dynamics in this region. Tongguanshan quartz diorite and its enclaves, representatives of the Meso- zoic intermediate-silicic intrusive rocks in the Tongling area, were studied using approaches of petrography, electron microprobe mineral chemistry and the LA-ICPMS zircon U-Pb dating. The chemical compositions of pyroxene and amphibole in pyroxene-amphibole cumulate, quartz-diorite host rock from Tongguanshan show correlative variations. The Al contents of the minerals in pyroxene-amphibole cu- mulate are higher than those in the host rocks, indicating that the cumulate crystals were crystallized before the em- placement of host magma. The consistent mineral chemical compositions between the Tongguanshan quartz diorite and the microgranular diorite enclave indicate that the enclave and host rock were crystallized under similar conditions and therefore are closely genetically related. The LA-ICPMS zircon U-Pb dating suggests that the crystallization age of Tongguanshan quartz diorite is 137.5±1.1 Ma, consistent with the previous dates by different methods. However, the present U-Pb dating also revealed the presence of late- Archean relict cores, demonstrating that older lower crustal materials were involved in the generation of Mesozoic mag- matic rocks in this area. Furthermore, the dating results show that the crystallization age of the microgranular diorite enclave is 137.5 ±2.4 Ma, the same as the crystallization age of the host magma. By integrating the previous Sr-Nd-Pb isotope data, it is also discussed the petrogenesis of quartz diorite and its enclaves in Tongguanshan.展开更多
基金This study was supported by the NKBRSF (G1999043407-1) Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KZCX2-406+3 种基金 SCXZD0101) NKTRDP (2001BA510B-07 2002BA516A20) and Education Committee Projects of Liaong Province (990121400
文摘The age-structure of natural population of Zoysia japonica in Xiuyan County of Liaoning Province was studied by generational method. The results showed that the highest tiller age class was three, but 1st age class tillers held dominant posi-tion with proportions over 95% in each month during the growing seasons. The 2nd age class and 3rd age class tillers were minority in the population. So Z. japonica population was an expanding population. The zero age class buds on the rhizomes were dominant in buds age structures. The proportion of buds to tillers on quantity in each month was about 30% to 40% and reached the highest at the end of September. The increasing of buds proportion before dormancy guaranteed the quantity of tillers in the next spring. The biomass of 1st age class tillers changed with time. The biomass kept increasing from April to July and reached the highest at the end of July and then decreased.
文摘Patients older than 65 years are the fastest growing segment of the cancer population. It is estimated that within 20 years over 75% of cases and 85% of deaths from colorectal cancer (CRC) will be in this setting. Concerns about cancer treatment in the elderly relate to comorbidities, which increase proportionally with age, physiological changes associated with aging which may influence drug metabolism and toxicity, and diminishing life expectancy, which particularly impacts decisions surrounding the benefits of adjuvant therapies. Over the last 10 years, significant improvements in the treatment of advanced CRC with combination therapy have been made. The randomized trials which have defined these improvements did not exclude elderly patients. However, the median age of patients in these trials has generally been approximately 60 years. Thus, it appears that some degree of selection is involved with younger and presumably fitter patients being the subjects in most of the pivotal trials. The availability of new molecularly targeted agents and newly improved existing agents has expanded the range of treatment options available. This variety gives greater flexibility in dealing with different subsets of patients, such as the elderly. However, some fit elderly patients seem to tolerate combination therapy reasonably well, while studies on unfit elderly subjects are needed.
文摘For two decades, in France, an increasing number of activities and tourist services have been increasingly designed and structured to meet the needs and expectations of people with disabilities. This is as a result of initiatives taken by many tourism and leisure operators, as well as actors from the medico-social worker＇s sector. There has also been the establishment of a national campaign, entrusted by the delegated Ministry of Tourism to the Tourism and Handicaps Association （ATH）. The campaign aims firstly, to make tourism accessible to customers with special needs, and secondly, to promote accessibility through the awarding of a certification label. Recently, a new label which defends accessibility in a specific area called ＂destination for all＂ has been created. This new label shows the evolution of accessibility from an ecological and systemic perspective which seems more practical and operational to respond to the daily needs and life of people with disabilities.
文摘Neoarchaeology in America began in the 1950s, which challenged the traditional archaeology. Neoarehaeologists focused their attention on cultural ecology, used advanced scientific techniques such as computer and 14C dating, and applied new theory and method in the study of archaeological data. This approach was a revolution in the history of archaeology.
文摘The genesis of intermediate-silicic intrusive rocks and their enclaves in Tongling are closely related to Fe, Cu mineralization, which may provide petrologic informa- tion on lithospheric dynamics in this region. Tongguanshan quartz diorite and its enclaves, representatives of the Meso- zoic intermediate-silicic intrusive rocks in the Tongling area, were studied using approaches of petrography, electron microprobe mineral chemistry and the LA-ICPMS zircon U-Pb dating. The chemical compositions of pyroxene and amphibole in pyroxene-amphibole cumulate, quartz-diorite host rock from Tongguanshan show correlative variations. The Al contents of the minerals in pyroxene-amphibole cu- mulate are higher than those in the host rocks, indicating that the cumulate crystals were crystallized before the em- placement of host magma. The consistent mineral chemical compositions between the Tongguanshan quartz diorite and the microgranular diorite enclave indicate that the enclave and host rock were crystallized under similar conditions and therefore are closely genetically related. The LA-ICPMS zircon U-Pb dating suggests that the crystallization age of Tongguanshan quartz diorite is 137.5±1.1 Ma, consistent with the previous dates by different methods. However, the present U-Pb dating also revealed the presence of late- Archean relict cores, demonstrating that older lower crustal materials were involved in the generation of Mesozoic mag- matic rocks in this area. Furthermore, the dating results show that the crystallization age of the microgranular diorite enclave is 137.5 ±2.4 Ma, the same as the crystallization age of the host magma. By integrating the previous Sr-Nd-Pb isotope data, it is also discussed the petrogenesis of quartz diorite and its enclaves in Tongguanshan.
