As well as shock wave and bubble pulse loading, cavitation also has very significant influences on the dynamic response of surface ships and other near-surface marine structures to underwater explosive loadings. In th...As well as shock wave and bubble pulse loading, cavitation also has very significant influences on the dynamic response of surface ships and other near-surface marine structures to underwater explosive loadings. In this paper, the acoustic-structure coupling method embedded in ABAQUS is adopted to do numerical analysis of underwater explosion considering cavitation. Both the shape of bulk cavitation region and local cavitation region are obtained, and they are in good agreement with analytical results. The duration of reloading is several times longer than that of a shock wave. In the end, both the single computation and parallel computation of the cavitation effect on the dynamic responses of a full-scale ship are presented, which proved that reloading caused by cavitation is non-ignorable. All these results are helpful in understanding underwater explosion cavitation effects.展开更多
Port site hernia develops through a fascial or peritoneal layer that was inadequate or not repaired. It is a rare complication of laparoscopic surgery which may lead to serious problems. Here,we present a 77-year-old ...Port site hernia develops through a fascial or peritoneal layer that was inadequate or not repaired. It is a rare complication of laparoscopic surgery which may lead to serious problems. Here,we present a 77-year-old female,diagnosed with a small bowel hernia through a 10-mm port site. We had performed ten cases of laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy before this case. The patient complained of left lower abdominal pain with a palpable mass. Abdominal CT showed an incarcerated small bowel hernia and the patient underwent segmental resection of the strangulated small bowel through a minimally extended port site incision.展开更多
The major papilla of Vater is usually located in the second portion of the duodenum, to the posterior medial wall. Sometimes the mouth of the biliary duct is located in other areas. Drainage of the common bile duct in...The major papilla of Vater is usually located in the second portion of the duodenum, to the posterior medial wall. Sometimes the mouth of the biliary duct is located in other areas. Drainage of the common bile duct into the pylorus is extremely rare. A 73-year old man, with a history of duodenal ulcer, was admitted to hospital with the diagnosis of cholangitis. Dilatation of the extrahepatic biliary duct was observed by abdominal ultrasonography, and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) was performed. No area suggesting the presence of the papilla of Vater was found within the second duodenal portion. Finally the major papilla was located in the theoretical pyloric duct. Cholangiography was performed and choledocholithiasis was found in the biliary tree. The patient underwent dilatation of the papilla with a balloon tyre and removal of a 7 mm stone using a Dormia basket, which solved the problem without further complications. This anomaly increased the difficulty of performing therapeutic interventions during ERCR This alteration in anatomy may increase the risk of complications during papillotomy, with a theoretically higher risk of perforation. Dilatation using a balloon was the chosen therapeutic technique both in our case and in the literature, due to its low rate of complications.展开更多
Fistula between digestive tract and airway is one of the complications after esophagectomy with lymph node dissection. A case of esophagotracheal fistula secondary to esophagitis 9 years after esophagectomy and gastri...Fistula between digestive tract and airway is one of the complications after esophagectomy with lymph node dissection. A case of esophagotracheal fistula secondary to esophagitis 9 years after esophagectomy and gastric pull-up for treatment of esophageal carcinoma is described. It was successfully treated with transposition of a pedicled pectoralis major muscle flap.展开更多
The solid-phase extraction using Pd-Al2O3 as the stationary phase was employed to pre-separate the sulfur compounds in straight-run diesel. The isolating effect was evaluated quantitatively by gas chromatography with ...The solid-phase extraction using Pd-Al2O3 as the stationary phase was employed to pre-separate the sulfur compounds in straight-run diesel. The isolating effect was evaluated quantitatively by gas chromatography with a sulfur chemiluminescence detector to harvest a satisfactory result. The identification of the structure of sulfur compounds by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with the time-of-flight mass spectrometry indicated that cyclo-sulfides, benzothiophenes, dibenzothiophenes, dihydro-benzothiophenes and tetrahydro-dibenzothiophenes were included in straightrun diesel obtained from the Arab medium crude(AM). A total of 259 individual compounds were detected and their molecular structures were identified. The analytical method was approved as an effective way to characterize the composition of sulfur compounds, which reduced the interference of other compounds, facilitated the data presentation and provided more detailed information about molecular composition of sulfur compounds.展开更多
Objective:Placement of self expanding metallic stents(SEMS) is invariably associated with complications and often necessitates their removal usually by rigid bronchoscope.There have been few reports published on use o...Objective:Placement of self expanding metallic stents(SEMS) is invariably associated with complications and often necessitates their removal usually by rigid bronchoscope.There have been few reports published on use of flexible bronchoscope(FB) for the removal.This article summarizes the indications,methods and complications of SEMS removal by FB.Methods:We reviewed our experience with removal of SEMS using FB retrospectively.The clinical data on 29 patients with average age of(39.0±13.2) years was analyzed who underwent removal of SEMS using FB between April 2002 and August 2008.Results:Thirty-seven procedures were performed in 29 consecutive patients to remove 37 stents.The average duration of stent placement was(55± 94.7) d(0-472 d).Twenty-two procedures(59.4%) were performed under local anesthesia.The percentage of procedures under general anesthesia was 13%(3/24),67%(4/6) and 100%(7/7) for the short-term(≤30 d),medium-term(31-90 d) and long-term(>90 d) of stents placement,respectively.Indications for stents removal included migration in 15(40.6%),scar restenosis in 11(29.7%),airway shaping in 5(13.5%),stent fracture in 2(5.4%),stent incomplete expansion in 2(5.4%),improper size in 1(2.7%),mucus plugging with chest pain in 1(2.7%).And 85.7% of long-term stents were removed due to scar restenosis.The total success rate was 92%.There was no significant difference in success rate between the uncovered and covered group(82.3% and 100%,P>0.05).Complications were encountered in 13 patients,bleeding being the most common(53.8%).Conclusion:Operation by FB may be an alternative method to remove SEMS effectively and safely based on the proper anesthesia chosen.展开更多
Hemoptysis,especially the massivehemoptysis caused by bronchiectasis is acommon,but emergent and critical diseases inclinic.Injection of Herba Houttuyniae extractinto Kongzui(LU 6)was performed to treathemoptysis acco...Hemoptysis,especially the massivehemoptysis caused by bronchiectasis is acommon,but emergent and critical diseases inclinic.Injection of Herba Houttuyniae extractinto Kongzui(LU 6)was performed to treathemoptysis according to the theory oftraditional Chinese medicine and the展开更多
Major complications of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) include pancreatitis, hemorrhage, cholangitis, and duodenal perforation. The occurrence of free air in the peritoneal cavity post- ERCP is a...Major complications of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) include pancreatitis, hemorrhage, cholangitis, and duodenal perforation. The occurrence of free air in the peritoneal cavity post- ERCP is a rare event (< 1%), which is usually the result of duodenal or ductal perforation related to therapeutic ERCP with sphincterotomy. We describe for the first time a different aetiology of pneumoperitoneum, in an 84-year-old woman with pancreatic cancer and a large hepatic metastasis, after ERCP with common bile duct stent deployment. Our patient developed, pneumoperitoneum due to air leakage from rupture of intrahepatic bile ducts and Glisson’s capsule in the area of a peripheral large hepatic metastasis. The potential mechanism underlying this complication might be post- ERCP pneumobilia and increased pressure of intrahepatic bile ducts leading to rupture of intrahepatic bile ducts in the liver metastatic mass owing to neoplastic tissue friability. This case indicates the need for close clinical and radiological observation of patients with hepatic masses (primary or metastatic) subjected to ERCP. In such patients, avoidance of excessive air insufflation during ERCP and/or placement of a nasogastric tube for bowel decompression immediately after ERCP might be a reasonable strategy to prevent such unusual complications.展开更多
This study investigates the heterogeneous structure and its influence on drag coefficient for concurrent-up gas-solid flow. The energy-minimization multi-scale (EMMS) model is modified to simulate the variation of str...This study investigates the heterogeneous structure and its influence on drag coefficient for concurrent-up gas-solid flow. The energy-minimization multi-scale (EMMS) model is modified to simulate the variation of structure parameters with solids concentration, showing the tendency for particles to aggregate to form clusters and for fluid to pass around clusters. The global drag coefficient is resolved into that for the dense phase, for the dilute phase and for the so-called inter-phase, all of which can be obtained from their respective phase-specific structure parameters. The computational results show that the drag coefficients of the different phases are quite different, and the global drag coefficient calculated from the EMMS approach is much lower than that from the correlation of Wen and Yu. The simulation results demonstrate that the EMMS approach can well describe the heterogeneous flow structure, and is very promising for incorporation into the two-fluid model or the discrete particle model as the closure law for drag coefficient.展开更多
FOREIGN body migration into the lung is a rare complication that can cause various symptoms. In adults, however, foreign body deposited in the luna can be tolerated and remain undetected fora long time. Delayed diagno...FOREIGN body migration into the lung is a rare complication that can cause various symptoms. In adults, however, foreign body deposited in the luna can be tolerated and remain undetected fora long time. Delayed diagnosis and subsequent delayed treatment is usually associated with atypical complications. In this article, we describe a case of foreign body migration into the tracheobronchial tree. After a long time delay diagnosis, the foreign body was ultimately removed by operation.展开更多
[ Objective] To explore the effect of expansion temperature on the release of seven kinds of Hoffmann components (CO, NNK, NH3, HCN,, BaP, crotonaldehyde and phenol) from the mainstream smoke of cigarette. [ Method]...[ Objective] To explore the effect of expansion temperature on the release of seven kinds of Hoffmann components (CO, NNK, NH3, HCN,, BaP, crotonaldehyde and phenol) from the mainstream smoke of cigarette. [ Method] The release amount of seven kinds of Hoffmann com-ponents from the mainstream smoke of cigarettes which were prepared from the cut tobacco treated under different expansion temperatures was de-termined. [ Result] Under the same expansion model, the temperature change produced certain impact on the release amount of NH~, phenol and BAP, while had no significant influence on that of CO, NNK, HCN and crotonaldehyde; under CO2 expansion model, the release amount of seven Hoffmann components was small; the reduction of expansion temperature was good for lowering the harmful index of cigarette to a certain extent. [ Conclusion] The study provides basis for optimizing the technical parameters of producinq less harmful cigarette.展开更多
Air samples were collected simultaneously at Guiyu (an electronic waste recycling site), three urban sites in Hong Kong and two urban sites in Guangzhou, southeast China on August 20, 2004 and January 24, 2005, resp...Air samples were collected simultaneously at Guiyu (an electronic waste recycling site), three urban sites in Hong Kong and two urban sites in Guangzhou, southeast China on August 20, 2004 and January 24, 2005, respectively. Seventeen congeners of PCDD/Fs (polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins dibenzofurans) were measured. The results showed that the concentration of PCDD/Fs in Guiyu was 6,721 fg/m3, which was 1.5 times of Guangzhou and 3.1 times of Hong Kong sites. TEQ (total toxic equivalent) of Guiyu, Guangzhou and Hong Kong air samples were 598, 202 and 137 fg I-TEQ/m3, respectively. A clear seasonal variation of PCDD/Fs in the air was found in both Guangzhou and Hong Kong sites. The concentration of 2,3,7,8-TCDD (2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin) in Guiyu was 54 fg/m3, higher than the whole year standard of 30 fg/m3 imposed by USA (Indiana, Kansas and Washington). This was primarily due to the incomplete combustion of e-wastes (e.g., plastic chips, wire insulations, PVC (polyvinyl chloride polymer) materials and metal scraps).展开更多
We present the case of an elderly woman who developed a bowel perforation related to pneumatosis intestinalis, 33 years after a jejuno-ileal bypass for severe obesity. Final histological examination revealed the prese...We present the case of an elderly woman who developed a bowel perforation related to pneumatosis intestinalis, 33 years after a jejuno-ileal bypass for severe obesity. Final histological examination revealed the presence of dysplasia in the resected specimen. On the basis of our case and a review of the literature, we discuss the etiopathogenesis, the clinical aspects and the treatment of this rare condition.展开更多
Five cases of arytenoid dislocation after intubation under general anesthesia are reported in this article. The anatomical and anesthetic causes of this complication were studied restrospectively, and the methods of t...Five cases of arytenoid dislocation after intubation under general anesthesia are reported in this article. The anatomical and anesthetic causes of this complication were studied restrospectively, and the methods of treatment were discussed. The result showed that the incidence of arytenoid dislocation was about 0. 09% (5/5 826). Hoarseness, dysphonia and difficulty in feeding were the prevalent symptoms, and poor mobili- ty of the vocal fold was the most common sign. The treatment included closed reduction of the displaced arytenoid under local anesthesia, steroid and physical therapy. The possible causes of arytenoid dislocation were summarized as follows: (1) trauma produced by the blade tip of laryngoscope, (2) the use of stylet, (3) overstretching of aryepiglottic fold and vocal cord during laryngoscopy and intubation, and (4) cough- ing and movement of the endotracheal tube on the larynx during the endotracheal tube in place. It was sug- gested that correct technique and gentle manipulation during intubation could reduce the incidence of the complication. Timely postoperative follow-up and early reduction of arytenoid cartilage should be empha-sized in the diagnosis and treatment of the complication.展开更多
In order to optimize the electricity yield of CSP (concentrated solar power) plants, TES (thermal energy storage) systems are regarded as an essential component. Furthermore, for many electricity grid operators, i...In order to optimize the electricity yield of CSP (concentrated solar power) plants, TES (thermal energy storage) systems are regarded as an essential component. Furthermore, for many electricity grid operators, it is important to have spinning reserves in the grid and dispatchable power available, both offered by CSP-plants with integrated thermal energy storage. Enolcon is developing a new TES-system since several years. The system itself was designed to offer a principle simple and robust setup (with regard to execution and operation) and which is reducing the electricity costs of CSP-power plants by the consequent use of state of the art technology. Furthermore, such system shall be open to future developments of CSP-systems with regard to increasing steam temperatures and steam pressure. Such TES-system shall be commercially available for large scale application already in year 2014/2015. The key elements of the enolcon-TES are the open cycle using always ambient air with an air-air-heat exchanger and the arrangement of the storage material in such way to minimize the pressure losses and the own electricity consumption. The development is progressing in a structured way by studies, engineering works, TES-pilot plants, isothermal air flow test plant for the verification of the CFD-calculations, and since end of 2012 by the operation of a high temperature TES-module with all features of the large scale modules.展开更多
The Joule-Thomson effect reflects the interaction among constituent particles of macroscopic system.Forclassical ideal gas,the corresponding Joule-Thomson coefficient is vanishing while it is non-zero for ideal quantu...The Joule-Thomson effect reflects the interaction among constituent particles of macroscopic system.Forclassical ideal gas,the corresponding Joule-Thomson coefficient is vanishing while it is non-zero for ideal quantum gasdue to the quantum degeneracy.In recent years,much attention is paid to the unitary Fermi gas with infinite two-bodyscattering length.According to universal analysis,the thermodynamical law of unitary Fermi gas is similar to that ofnon-interacting ideal gas,which can be explored by the virial theorem P = 2E/3V.Based on previous works,we furtherstudy the unitary Fermi gas properties.The effective chemical potential is introduced to characterize the nonlinear levelscrossing effects in a strongly interacting medium.The changing behavior of the rescaled Joule-Thomson coefficientaccording to temperature manifests a quite different behavior from that for ideal Fermi gas.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: This article investigates the methods of achieving deep remission of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS: Increasing recognition of the concept of quality of care is contributing to the evolution of t...OBJECTIVE: This article investigates the methods of achieving deep remission of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS: Increasing recognition of the concept of quality of care is contributing to the evolution of treatment goals in patients with IBD from clinical response and remission (symptom control) toward deep remission. A change in the treatment goal requires a change in the treatment strategy. Optimization of conventional therapy, early treatment, use of the Lemann score, performance of double-balloon endoscopy, treatment using Traditional Chinese Medicine, and good communication between physicians and patients are needed to attain deep remission. RESULTS: The above-mentioned methods can help to achieve deep remission. CONCLUSION: Using the above methods, it will bepossible to improve the prognoses of patients with IBD by minimizing complications and bowel damage and thereby changing the course of the disease.展开更多
A combined ME composite structure is made of several cylindrical layered composites in series or parallel connection.Due to the cylindrical structure,the combined structure does not need more space.The characteristics...A combined ME composite structure is made of several cylindrical layered composites in series or parallel connection.Due to the cylindrical structure,the combined structure does not need more space.The characteristics of multi-resonance frequencies have been studied.Each resonance frequency of the structure can be adjusted by changing the cylinder diameter of the corresponding cylindrical layered composites.The number of resonance frequencies increases as the number of cylindrical layered composites increases.The multi-resonance frequencies behavior makes these cylindrical layered composite structures suitable for applications in multifuctional devices with multi-frequencies operation.展开更多
基金Foundation item:Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50921001), National Key Basic Research Special Foundation of China (Grant No. 2010CB832704), Scientific Project for High-tech Ships: Key Technical Research on the Semi-planning Hybrid Fore-body Trimaran, Doctoral Research Foundation of Liaoning Province (Grant No. 20091012).
文摘As well as shock wave and bubble pulse loading, cavitation also has very significant influences on the dynamic response of surface ships and other near-surface marine structures to underwater explosive loadings. In this paper, the acoustic-structure coupling method embedded in ABAQUS is adopted to do numerical analysis of underwater explosion considering cavitation. Both the shape of bulk cavitation region and local cavitation region are obtained, and they are in good agreement with analytical results. The duration of reloading is several times longer than that of a shock wave. In the end, both the single computation and parallel computation of the cavitation effect on the dynamic responses of a full-scale ship are presented, which proved that reloading caused by cavitation is non-ignorable. All these results are helpful in understanding underwater explosion cavitation effects.
文摘Port site hernia develops through a fascial or peritoneal layer that was inadequate or not repaired. It is a rare complication of laparoscopic surgery which may lead to serious problems. Here,we present a 77-year-old female,diagnosed with a small bowel hernia through a 10-mm port site. We had performed ten cases of laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy before this case. The patient complained of left lower abdominal pain with a palpable mass. Abdominal CT showed an incarcerated small bowel hernia and the patient underwent segmental resection of the strangulated small bowel through a minimally extended port site incision.
文摘The major papilla of Vater is usually located in the second portion of the duodenum, to the posterior medial wall. Sometimes the mouth of the biliary duct is located in other areas. Drainage of the common bile duct into the pylorus is extremely rare. A 73-year old man, with a history of duodenal ulcer, was admitted to hospital with the diagnosis of cholangitis. Dilatation of the extrahepatic biliary duct was observed by abdominal ultrasonography, and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) was performed. No area suggesting the presence of the papilla of Vater was found within the second duodenal portion. Finally the major papilla was located in the theoretical pyloric duct. Cholangiography was performed and choledocholithiasis was found in the biliary tree. The patient underwent dilatation of the papilla with a balloon tyre and removal of a 7 mm stone using a Dormia basket, which solved the problem without further complications. This anomaly increased the difficulty of performing therapeutic interventions during ERCR This alteration in anatomy may increase the risk of complications during papillotomy, with a theoretically higher risk of perforation. Dilatation using a balloon was the chosen therapeutic technique both in our case and in the literature, due to its low rate of complications.
文摘Fistula between digestive tract and airway is one of the complications after esophagectomy with lymph node dissection. A case of esophagotracheal fistula secondary to esophagitis 9 years after esophagectomy and gastric pull-up for treatment of esophageal carcinoma is described. It was successfully treated with transposition of a pedicled pectoralis major muscle flap.
基金financially supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (2012CB224800)
文摘The solid-phase extraction using Pd-Al2O3 as the stationary phase was employed to pre-separate the sulfur compounds in straight-run diesel. The isolating effect was evaluated quantitatively by gas chromatography with a sulfur chemiluminescence detector to harvest a satisfactory result. The identification of the structure of sulfur compounds by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with the time-of-flight mass spectrometry indicated that cyclo-sulfides, benzothiophenes, dibenzothiophenes, dihydro-benzothiophenes and tetrahydro-dibenzothiophenes were included in straightrun diesel obtained from the Arab medium crude(AM). A total of 259 individual compounds were detected and their molecular structures were identified. The analytical method was approved as an effective way to characterize the composition of sulfur compounds, which reduced the interference of other compounds, facilitated the data presentation and provided more detailed information about molecular composition of sulfur compounds.
文摘Objective:Placement of self expanding metallic stents(SEMS) is invariably associated with complications and often necessitates their removal usually by rigid bronchoscope.There have been few reports published on use of flexible bronchoscope(FB) for the removal.This article summarizes the indications,methods and complications of SEMS removal by FB.Methods:We reviewed our experience with removal of SEMS using FB retrospectively.The clinical data on 29 patients with average age of(39.0±13.2) years was analyzed who underwent removal of SEMS using FB between April 2002 and August 2008.Results:Thirty-seven procedures were performed in 29 consecutive patients to remove 37 stents.The average duration of stent placement was(55± 94.7) d(0-472 d).Twenty-two procedures(59.4%) were performed under local anesthesia.The percentage of procedures under general anesthesia was 13%(3/24),67%(4/6) and 100%(7/7) for the short-term(≤30 d),medium-term(31-90 d) and long-term(>90 d) of stents placement,respectively.Indications for stents removal included migration in 15(40.6%),scar restenosis in 11(29.7%),airway shaping in 5(13.5%),stent fracture in 2(5.4%),stent incomplete expansion in 2(5.4%),improper size in 1(2.7%),mucus plugging with chest pain in 1(2.7%).And 85.7% of long-term stents were removed due to scar restenosis.The total success rate was 92%.There was no significant difference in success rate between the uncovered and covered group(82.3% and 100%,P>0.05).Complications were encountered in 13 patients,bleeding being the most common(53.8%).Conclusion:Operation by FB may be an alternative method to remove SEMS effectively and safely based on the proper anesthesia chosen.
文摘Hemoptysis,especially the massivehemoptysis caused by bronchiectasis is acommon,but emergent and critical diseases inclinic.Injection of Herba Houttuyniae extractinto Kongzui(LU 6)was performed to treathemoptysis according to the theory oftraditional Chinese medicine and the
文摘Major complications of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) include pancreatitis, hemorrhage, cholangitis, and duodenal perforation. The occurrence of free air in the peritoneal cavity post- ERCP is a rare event (< 1%), which is usually the result of duodenal or ductal perforation related to therapeutic ERCP with sphincterotomy. We describe for the first time a different aetiology of pneumoperitoneum, in an 84-year-old woman with pancreatic cancer and a large hepatic metastasis, after ERCP with common bile duct stent deployment. Our patient developed, pneumoperitoneum due to air leakage from rupture of intrahepatic bile ducts and Glisson’s capsule in the area of a peripheral large hepatic metastasis. The potential mechanism underlying this complication might be post- ERCP pneumobilia and increased pressure of intrahepatic bile ducts leading to rupture of intrahepatic bile ducts in the liver metastatic mass owing to neoplastic tissue friability. This case indicates the need for close clinical and radiological observation of patients with hepatic masses (primary or metastatic) subjected to ERCP. In such patients, avoidance of excessive air insufflation during ERCP and/or placement of a nasogastric tube for bowel decompression immediately after ERCP might be a reasonable strategy to prevent such unusual complications.
基金Supported by the National Key Program for Developing Basic Sciences of China (No. G1999022103) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 20176059).
文摘This study investigates the heterogeneous structure and its influence on drag coefficient for concurrent-up gas-solid flow. The energy-minimization multi-scale (EMMS) model is modified to simulate the variation of structure parameters with solids concentration, showing the tendency for particles to aggregate to form clusters and for fluid to pass around clusters. The global drag coefficient is resolved into that for the dense phase, for the dilute phase and for the so-called inter-phase, all of which can be obtained from their respective phase-specific structure parameters. The computational results show that the drag coefficients of the different phases are quite different, and the global drag coefficient calculated from the EMMS approach is much lower than that from the correlation of Wen and Yu. The simulation results demonstrate that the EMMS approach can well describe the heterogeneous flow structure, and is very promising for incorporation into the two-fluid model or the discrete particle model as the closure law for drag coefficient.
文摘FOREIGN body migration into the lung is a rare complication that can cause various symptoms. In adults, however, foreign body deposited in the luna can be tolerated and remain undetected fora long time. Delayed diagnosis and subsequent delayed treatment is usually associated with atypical complications. In this article, we describe a case of foreign body migration into the tracheobronchial tree. After a long time delay diagnosis, the foreign body was ultimately removed by operation.
文摘[ Objective] To explore the effect of expansion temperature on the release of seven kinds of Hoffmann components (CO, NNK, NH3, HCN,, BaP, crotonaldehyde and phenol) from the mainstream smoke of cigarette. [ Method] The release amount of seven kinds of Hoffmann com-ponents from the mainstream smoke of cigarettes which were prepared from the cut tobacco treated under different expansion temperatures was de-termined. [ Result] Under the same expansion model, the temperature change produced certain impact on the release amount of NH~, phenol and BAP, while had no significant influence on that of CO, NNK, HCN and crotonaldehyde; under CO2 expansion model, the release amount of seven Hoffmann components was small; the reduction of expansion temperature was good for lowering the harmful index of cigarette to a certain extent. [ Conclusion] The study provides basis for optimizing the technical parameters of producinq less harmful cigarette.
文摘Air samples were collected simultaneously at Guiyu (an electronic waste recycling site), three urban sites in Hong Kong and two urban sites in Guangzhou, southeast China on August 20, 2004 and January 24, 2005, respectively. Seventeen congeners of PCDD/Fs (polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins dibenzofurans) were measured. The results showed that the concentration of PCDD/Fs in Guiyu was 6,721 fg/m3, which was 1.5 times of Guangzhou and 3.1 times of Hong Kong sites. TEQ (total toxic equivalent) of Guiyu, Guangzhou and Hong Kong air samples were 598, 202 and 137 fg I-TEQ/m3, respectively. A clear seasonal variation of PCDD/Fs in the air was found in both Guangzhou and Hong Kong sites. The concentration of 2,3,7,8-TCDD (2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin) in Guiyu was 54 fg/m3, higher than the whole year standard of 30 fg/m3 imposed by USA (Indiana, Kansas and Washington). This was primarily due to the incomplete combustion of e-wastes (e.g., plastic chips, wire insulations, PVC (polyvinyl chloride polymer) materials and metal scraps).
文摘We present the case of an elderly woman who developed a bowel perforation related to pneumatosis intestinalis, 33 years after a jejuno-ileal bypass for severe obesity. Final histological examination revealed the presence of dysplasia in the resected specimen. On the basis of our case and a review of the literature, we discuss the etiopathogenesis, the clinical aspects and the treatment of this rare condition.
文摘Five cases of arytenoid dislocation after intubation under general anesthesia are reported in this article. The anatomical and anesthetic causes of this complication were studied restrospectively, and the methods of treatment were discussed. The result showed that the incidence of arytenoid dislocation was about 0. 09% (5/5 826). Hoarseness, dysphonia and difficulty in feeding were the prevalent symptoms, and poor mobili- ty of the vocal fold was the most common sign. The treatment included closed reduction of the displaced arytenoid under local anesthesia, steroid and physical therapy. The possible causes of arytenoid dislocation were summarized as follows: (1) trauma produced by the blade tip of laryngoscope, (2) the use of stylet, (3) overstretching of aryepiglottic fold and vocal cord during laryngoscopy and intubation, and (4) cough- ing and movement of the endotracheal tube on the larynx during the endotracheal tube in place. It was sug- gested that correct technique and gentle manipulation during intubation could reduce the incidence of the complication. Timely postoperative follow-up and early reduction of arytenoid cartilage should be empha-sized in the diagnosis and treatment of the complication.
文摘In order to optimize the electricity yield of CSP (concentrated solar power) plants, TES (thermal energy storage) systems are regarded as an essential component. Furthermore, for many electricity grid operators, it is important to have spinning reserves in the grid and dispatchable power available, both offered by CSP-plants with integrated thermal energy storage. Enolcon is developing a new TES-system since several years. The system itself was designed to offer a principle simple and robust setup (with regard to execution and operation) and which is reducing the electricity costs of CSP-power plants by the consequent use of state of the art technology. Furthermore, such system shall be open to future developments of CSP-systems with regard to increasing steam temperatures and steam pressure. Such TES-system shall be commercially available for large scale application already in year 2014/2015. The key elements of the enolcon-TES are the open cycle using always ambient air with an air-air-heat exchanger and the arrangement of the storage material in such way to minimize the pressure losses and the own electricity consumption. The development is progressing in a structured way by studies, engineering works, TES-pilot plants, isothermal air flow test plant for the verification of the CFD-calculations, and since end of 2012 by the operation of a high temperature TES-module with all features of the large scale modules.
基金Supported in part by Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.10875050,10675052MOE of China under Grant No.IRT0624
文摘The Joule-Thomson effect reflects the interaction among constituent particles of macroscopic system.Forclassical ideal gas,the corresponding Joule-Thomson coefficient is vanishing while it is non-zero for ideal quantum gasdue to the quantum degeneracy.In recent years,much attention is paid to the unitary Fermi gas with infinite two-bodyscattering length.According to universal analysis,the thermodynamical law of unitary Fermi gas is similar to that ofnon-interacting ideal gas,which can be explored by the virial theorem P = 2E/3V.Based on previous works,we furtherstudy the unitary Fermi gas properties.The effective chemical potential is introduced to characterize the nonlinear levelscrossing effects in a strongly interacting medium.The changing behavior of the rescaled Joule-Thomson coefficientaccording to temperature manifests a quite different behavior from that for ideal Fermi gas.
文摘OBJECTIVE: This article investigates the methods of achieving deep remission of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS: Increasing recognition of the concept of quality of care is contributing to the evolution of treatment goals in patients with IBD from clinical response and remission (symptom control) toward deep remission. A change in the treatment goal requires a change in the treatment strategy. Optimization of conventional therapy, early treatment, use of the Lemann score, performance of double-balloon endoscopy, treatment using Traditional Chinese Medicine, and good communication between physicians and patients are needed to attain deep remission. RESULTS: The above-mentioned methods can help to achieve deep remission. CONCLUSION: Using the above methods, it will bepossible to improve the prognoses of patients with IBD by minimizing complications and bowel damage and thereby changing the course of the disease.
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2012AA030403)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51032003,11274198,51102148,51221291)+2 种基金Shandong Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.ZR2010AM025)the China Postdoctoral Research Foundation(Grant No.2013M530042)the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education(Grant No.2010000612003)
文摘A combined ME composite structure is made of several cylindrical layered composites in series or parallel connection.Due to the cylindrical structure,the combined structure does not need more space.The characteristics of multi-resonance frequencies have been studied.Each resonance frequency of the structure can be adjusted by changing the cylinder diameter of the corresponding cylindrical layered composites.The number of resonance frequencies increases as the number of cylindrical layered composites increases.The multi-resonance frequencies behavior makes these cylindrical layered composite structures suitable for applications in multifuctional devices with multi-frequencies operation.