美凤蝶和玉斑凤蝶幼期形态记述及生物学初步观察

记述了美凤蝶和玉斑凤蝶的幼期形态特征、成虫和幼虫的主要习性。在四川峨眉,美凤蝶实验种群1年主要发生3代,以滞育蛹越冬;成虫访花,卵散产;幼虫5龄,分散栖息,以芸香科柑橘属植物为寄主。在西双版纳国家级自然保护区关坪管理站,玉斑凤蝶实验种群1年发生5代,以滞育蛹越冬;成虫访花,卵散产;幼虫5龄,分散栖息,以芸香科柑橘属和花椒属植物为寄主。建议在规模化养殖中,以柚和甜橙作为美凤蝶的寄主植物,以温州蜜柑和甜橙作为玉斑凤蝶的寄主植物。

丽蛱蝶、文蛱蝶和斑珍蝶幼期形态记述及生物学初步观察

记述了丽蛱蝶、文蛱蝶和斑珍蝶等3个珍贵观赏蝶种的幼期形态特征、成虫和幼虫的主要习性。在西双版纳国家级自然保护区关坪管理站，丽蛱蝶实验种群1年发生6代，以滞育成虫越冬，成虫以腐烂水果和树液为补充营养，卵散产，幼虫5龄，分散栖息，有假死习性；文蛱蝶1年发生4代，以成虫越冬，成虫访花，也食发酵水果汁液，卵聚产，幼虫5龄，有群集性；斑珍蝶1年发生4代，以3～5龄幼虫越冬，成虫访花，卵聚产，幼虫6龄，有群集性。长叶西番莲为丽蛱蝶的新发现寄主，三开瓢为文蛱蝶和斑珍蝶的新发现寄主。

褐斑凤蝶和斑凤蝶幼期形态特征记述及生物学初步观察

记述了褐斑凤蝶(Chilasa agestor(Gray))和斑凤蝶(C. clytia(Linnaeus))的幼期形态特征、成虫和幼虫的主要习性。在四川峨眉,褐斑凤蝶1年1代,以滞育蛹越夏、越冬;成虫发生期在春季,访花;卵散产,幼虫5龄,分散栖息;以樟(Cinnamoneum camphora(Linn.)Presl)和楠木(Phoebe zhennan S. Lee et F. N. Wei)为寄主。在西双版纳国家级自然保护区关坪管理站,斑凤蝶实验种群1年发生5代,以蛹越冬;成虫访花,卵散产,幼虫5龄,分散栖息,末龄幼虫有鲜艳的警戒色;以玉兰叶木姜子(Litsea magnoliifoliaYoung et P.H.Huang)和潺槁木姜子(Litsea glutinosa(Lour.)C.B.Rob.)为寄主。

嵩山3种蛱蝶幼期形态的区别

斐豹蛱蝶、曲纹银豹蛱蝶和云豹蛱蝶3种蛱蝶的幼期形态比较相似,通过观察研究其形态特征,将幼期的这3种蛱蝶进行相互区分。

Descriptions of first-instar nymphs of the mealybugs Antonina tesquorum Danzig and Nesticoccus sinensis Tang(Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae) with a key to known species in the genus Antonina

The microscopic morphologies of first-instar nymphs of Antonina tesquorum Danzig and Nesticoccus sinensis Tang are described and illustrated in detail for the first time. The relationship between A.tesquorum and A. graminis is discussed. A key to known species of the genus Antonina in the world is provided based on first-instar nymph morphology.

Ontogenetic development in the morphology and behavior of loach(Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) during early life stages

Loach （Misgurnus anguillicaudatus） is a commercially important fish in China and an ideal aquaculture species. However, culturists experience high larval and juvenile mortality during mass production. To provide insight into ways to improve larviculture techniques, we describe the morphological characteristics and behavior of loach during the larval and early juvenile stages. Yolksae larvae ranged from 2.8 to 4.0 mm body length （BL） between days 0 to 4; preflexion larvae ranged from 3.6 to 5.5 mm BL between days 4 to 6; flexion larvae ranged from 4.8 to 8.1 mm BL between days 5 and 14; and post-flexion larvae ranged from 7. l to 15.7 mm BL between days 11 to 27; the minimum length and age of juveniles was 14.1 mm BL and 23 d, respectively. Loach are demersal from hatch through to the early juvenile stages. A suite of morphological characteristics （e.g., external gill filament and ventral mouth opening） and behavioral traits have developed to adapt to demersal living. We observed positive allometric growth in eye diameter, head length, head height, and pectoral fin length during the early larval stages, reflecting the priorities in the development of the organs essential for survival. Our results provide a basis for developing techniques to improve the survival of larval and juvenile loach during mass production.

虎斑蝶实验种群生物学特征研究

[目的]记述了云南元江虎斑蝶Danaus genutia(Cramer)种群的全虫期形态特征、幼期发育历期、在云南昆明温室中的代生活史和生殖力、寄主范围、成虫及幼虫的行为习性,为该高观赏价值蝶种的规模化养殖提供依据。[方法]通过在气候箱内单虫饲养观察个体发育史,建立温室实验种群收集种群生活史资料,结合实验种群和野生个体观察了解幼虫和成虫习性;根据成虫对多种植物的同时选择产卵、成虫对单种植物的顺序选择产卵及幼虫取食和发育情况判定幼虫寄主植物。[结果]在25℃恒温条件下,虎斑蝶从卵到成虫羽化历时22~27 d;在温室自然变温条件下(16.5~36.4℃),雌成虫从卵发育至产卵需35~40 d;成虫雌雄性比为1:1.26,单雌平均产卵量为64.84粒;虎斑蝶元江种群的唯一确认寄主为鹅绒藤属的两种植物,青羊参Cynanchum otophyllum和峨眉牛皮消C.giraldii。[结论]虎斑蝶元江种群中存在明显的体表色斑多态性,这种警戒色多态性可能是地理种群间基因交流的结果,也可能是种群内的稳定多态性,有待进一步研究;除了萝藦科鹅绒藤属的2种植物,其他多种被文献报道为虎斑蝶寄主的植物被证明非元江虎斑蝶种群的寄主植物。

中国粉蚧属一新纪录种(半翅目,蚧总科,粉蚧科)

菲律宾粉蚧Pseudococcus philippinicus Williams,2004为中国新纪录种。重描了雌成虫的形态特征,首次记述了各龄若虫的形态特征,绘制了各龄的形态特征图,拍摄了各虫龄的外形照片。最后,还编制了粉蚧属中国已知种类检索表。