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Dynamics of Nonlinear Waves in(2+1)-Dimensional Extended Boiti-Leon-Manna-Pempinelli Equation

Based on the Hirota bilinear method,this study derived N-soliton solutions,breather solutions,lump solutions and interaction solutions for the(2+1)-dimensional extended Boiti-Leon-Manna-Pempinelli equation.The dynamical characteristics of these solutions were displayed through graphical,particularly revealing fusion and ssion phenomena in the interaction of lump and the one-stripe soliton.

High-order generalized screen propagator migration based on particle swarm optimization

Various migration methods have been proposed to image high-angle geological structures and media with strong lateral velocity variations; however, the problems of low precision and high computational cost remain unresolved. To describe the seismic wave propagation in media with lateral velocity variations and to image high-angle structures, we propose the generalized screen propagator based on particle swarm optimization （PSO-GSP）, for the precise fitting of the single-square-root operator. We use the 2D SEG/EAGE salt model to test the proposed PSO-GSP migration method to image the faults beneath the salt dome and compare the results to those of the conventional high-order generalized screen propagator （GSP） migration and split-step Fourier （SSF） migration. Moreover, we use 2D marine data from the South China Sea to show that the PSO-GSP migration can better image strong reflectors than conventional imaging methods.

鲜为人知的东京大火灾

20世纪日本东京曾被大火吞没过两次,其中一次发生在关东大地震时,另一次发生在第二次世界大战期间。1923年,日本关东地区发生大地震,当时日本江户(今东京)城内百姓大多正在用火做午饭。地震波袭来时房倒屋塌,炉火点燃了塌落的建筑木结构件而引发火灾。据文献记载,全城120余处火灾同时发生,根本无法扑救。不多时,小范围的火灾相互连接成大片火灾。

A FICTITIOUS DOMAIN METHOD FOR DIRICHLET PROBLEM AND ITS APPLICATIONS TO GENER ALIZED STOKES PROBLEM

This paper discusses a fictitious domain method for the linear Dirichlet problem and its applications to the generalized Stokes problem. This method treats Dirichlet boundary condit ion via a Lagrange multiplier technique and is well suited to the no-slip bound ary condition in viscous flow problems. In order to improve the accuracy of solu tions, meshes are refined according to the a posteriori error estimate. The mini -element discretization is applied to solve the generalized Stokes problem. Fin ally, some numerical results to validate this method are presented for partial d ifferential equations with Dirichlet boundary condition.

Study on Characters of Hard Seeds of Amphicarpaea edgeworthii Benth. (Leguminosae) and Methods for Breaking Dormancy

[Objective] This study aimed to understand the characters of hard seeds of Amphicarpaea edgeworthii Benth. （Leguminosae） and explore the methods for break- ing dormancy. [Method] For both aerial and subterranean seeds of A. edgeworthii, the morphological characteristics were observed and the appropriate temperature for germination was explored. For aerial seeds of A. edgeworthii, the characters of hard seeds were studied, and concentrated sulfuric acid treatment, hot water soak treat- ment and mechanical damage treatment were compared to explore the methods for breaking seed dormancy. [Result] The aerial seeds were oblate and averaged 3.38 mm in length, 3.02 mm in width, 1.88 mm in thickness, 15.32 g in thousand grain weight, with a hard seed rate after of up to 98% natural maturation. The subter- ranean seeds were approximately oblate with a maximum diameter of 15 mm and a hundred grain weight of （50.08-58.26 g）; among all the treatments for breaking hardseededness, cutting seed coat treatment and concentrated sulfuric acid treatment for 20 minutes were the most effective methods, whereas hot water soak treatment was the least effective method; constant temperature between 20 and 30 ℃ was optimum for the germination of aerial seeds, and alternative temperature of 30/20 ℃ was most appropriate for the germination of subterranean seeds. [Conclusion] Cutting seed coat treatment and concentrated sulfuric acid treatment for 20 minutes were the most effective methods to break the hardseededness of A. edgeworthii.

Allowable Generalized Quantum Gates

In this paper, we give the most general duality gates, or generalized quantum gates in duality quantum computers. Here we show by explicit construction that a n-bit duality quantum computer with d slits can be simulated perfectly with an ordinary quantum computer with n qubits and one auxiliary qudit. Using this model, we give the most general form of duality gates which is of the form ∑i=0^d-1piUi,and the pi ＇s are complex numbers with module less or equal to 1 and constrained by｜∑iPi｜≤1.

Duality theorem for smash coproduct over quantum groupoids

The duality theorem of generalized weak smash coproducts of weak module coalgebras and comodule coalgebras over quantum groupoids is studied.Let H be a weak Hopf algebra,C a left weak H-comodule coalgebra and D a left weak H-module coalgebra.First,a weak generalized smash coproduct C×lH D over quantum groupoids is defined and the module and comodule structures on it are constructed.The weak generalized right smash coproduct C×rL D is similar.Then some isomorph-isms between them are obtained.Secondly,by introducing some concepts of a weak convolution invertible element,a weak co-inner coaction and a strongly relative co-inner coaction,a sufficient condition for C×rH D to be isomorphic to Cv D is obtained,where v∈WC（C,H）and the coaction of H on D is right strongly relative co-inner.Finally,the duality theorem for a generalized smash coproduct over quantum groupoids,（C×lH H）×lH H≌Cv（H×lH H）,is obtained.

Tripartite Arbitrary Two-Qutrit Quantum State Sharing

A tripartite scheme for securely sharing an arbitrary unknown two-qutrit state is proposed, where two generalized Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger （GHZ） states serve as the quantum channel linking the three legitimate parties. The quantum information （i.e., the arbitrary unknown two-qutrit state） from the sender can be split in such a way that it can be reconstructed deterministically by any agent via a proper unitary operation provided that both agents collaborates together. Moreover, the generalization of the tripartite scheme to more-party case is also outlined.

Duality Computing in Quantum Computers

In this letter,we propose a duality computing mode,which resembles particle-wave duality property whena quantum system such as a quantum computer passes through a double-slit.In this mode,computing operations arenot necessarily unitary.The duality mode provides a natural link between classical computing and quantum computing.In addition,the duality mode provides a new tool for quantum algorithm design.

Quantum Entropy of Black Hole with Internal Global Monopole

Using the generalized uncertainty relation, the new equation of state density is obtained, and then the entropy of black hole with an internal global monopole is discussed. The divergence that appears in black hole entropy calculation through original brick-wall model is overcome. The result of the direct proportion between black hole entropy and its event horizon area is drawn and given. The result shows that the black hole entropy must be the entropy of quantum state near the event horizon.

Generalized regular points of a C^1 map between Banach spaces

Let f be a C^1 map between two Banach spaces E and F. It has been proved that the concept of generalized regular points of f, which is a generalization of the notion of regular points of f, has some crucial applications in nonlinearity and global analysis. We characterize the generalized regular points of f using the three integer-valued （or infinite） indices M（x0）, Mc（x0） and Mr（x0） at x0 ∈ E generated by f and by analyzing generalized inverses of bounded linear operators on Banach spaces, that is, iff ＇（x0） has a generalized inverse in the Banach space B（E, F） of all bounded linear operators on E into F and at least one of the indices M（x0）, Mc（x0） and Mr（x0） is finite, then xo is a generalized regular point off if and only if the multi-index （M（x）, Me（x）, Mr（x）） is continuous at X0.

Constructing generalized Drinfel'd quantum double

Let H be a Hopf algebra and B an algebra with two linear maps δ, τ： H H→B. The necessary and sufficient conditions for the twisted crossed product B#^τδH equipped with the tensor product coalgebra structure to be a bialgebra are proved. Then, B#^τδH is a coquasitriangular Hopf algebra under certain conditions. This coquasitriangular Hopf algerbra generalizes some known cross products. Finally, as an application, an explicit example is given.

Scheme for Generalized Quantum State Sharing of a Single-Qubit State in Cavity QED

An experimentally feasible scheme for generalized quantum state sharing of an arbitrary unknown single- qubit state in cavity QED is presented. Using a generalized Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger （GHZ） state as the quantum channel among the three parties, the quantum information （i.e. the single-qubit state） from the sender can be split in such a way that the information can be recovered if and only if both receivers collaborate. Moreover, the scheme is insensitive to both the effects of thermal field and cavity decay.

Pseudo-differential Operators and Generalized Lax Equations in Symbolic Computation

In this paper, the pseudo-differential operators and the generalized Lax equations in integrable systems are implemented in symbolic software Mathematica. A great deal of differential polynomials which appear in the procedure are dealt with by differential characteristic chain method. Using the program, several classical examples are given.

Representation of Phase Behavior of Ionic Liquids Using the Equation of State for Square-well Chain Fluids with Variable Range

An equation of state （EOS） for square-well chain fluids with variable range （SWCF-VR） developed based on statistical mechanics for chemical association was employed for the calculations of pressure-volume-temperature （pVT） and phase equilibrium of pure ionic liquids （ILs） and their mixtures. The new molecular parameters for 23 ILs were obtained by fitting their experimental density data over a wide temperature and pressure ranges. The mo- lecular parameters of ILs composed of homologous organic cation and an identical anion such as [Cxmim][NTf2] are good linear with respect to their molecular weight, indicating that the molecular parameters of homologous substances, subsequently p VT and vapor-liquid equilibria vapor-liquid equilibria （VLE） can be predicted using the generalized parameter when no experimental data were available. The new set of parameters were satisfactorily used for calculations of the property of solvent and ILs mixture and the solubility of gas in various ILs at low pressure only using one temperature-independent binary interaction parameter.

Row-action SAGE algorithm for PET image reconstruction

The one-block version of ordered subsets (OS) techniques was used to accelerate the convergent rate of the space-alternating generalized expectation-maximization (SAGE) algorithm. The new row-action SAGE (RA-SAGE) algorithm processed projections in sequentially orthogonal order which reduced the dependency among the projections and speeds up the convergences. Additionally, the over-relaxation parameter in the direction defined by the RA-SAGE algorithm was also applied to obtain fast convergence to a globally maximum likelihood (ML) solution. In experiments, the RA-SAGE algorithm and the classical SAGE algorithm were compared in the application to positron emission tomography (PET) image reconstruction. Simulation results showed that RA-SAGE had better performance than SAGE in both convergence and image quality.

Quantum Generalized Measurement and Deterministic Generation of Maximum Entangled Pure State

We propose the concept of the quantum generalized projector measurement （QGPM） for finite-dimensional quantum systems by studying the quantum generalized measurement. This research reveals a distinguished property of this quantum generalized measurement： no matter what the system state is prior to the measurement and what the result of the measurement occurs, the state of the system after the measurement can be collapsed into any specified pure state, i.e., the state of quantum system can be deterministically reduced to any specified pure state just by a single QGPM. Subsequently. QGPM can be used to deterministically generate the maximum entangled pure state for quantum systems. We give three concrete theoretic schemes of generating the maximum quantum entangled pure states for two 2-Jevel particles, three 2-level particles and two 3-Jevel particles, respectively.

Oscillating Solitons for （2＋1）-Dimensional Nonlinear Models

Using extended homogeneous balance method and variable separation hypothesis, we found new variable separation solutions with three arbitrary functions of the （2＋1）-dimensional dispersive long-wave equations, Based on derived solutions, we revealed abundant oscillating solitons such as dromion, multi-dromion, solitoff, solitary waves, and so on, by selecting appropriate functions.

Weighted Boundedness for Generalized Maximal andSingular Integral Operators in Orlicz-Morrey Spaces

In this paper,the weighted boundedness for the generalised maximal and singular integral operator in Orlicz-Morrey spaces are obtained.