This study analyzed gender stereotypes in American and Mexican magazine advertisements. The researchers conducted a content analysis of four major fashion magazines （i.e., Vogue, Cosmopolitan, People en Espahol, and ...This study analyzed gender stereotypes in American and Mexican magazine advertisements. The researchers conducted a content analysis of four major fashion magazines （i.e., Vogue, Cosmopolitan, People en Espahol, and Vanidades）, using KANG＇s （1997） scales of gender behaviors inspired by Goffman＇s （1979） gender studies. The researcher obtained findings by averaging the overall sum of each country＇s stereotypes by comparing them for any similarities or disparities. The results suggest a similar amount of gender stereotypes across both countries, specifically in the gender categories of ＂feminine touch＂, ＂licensed withdrawal＂, and ＂body display＂. Overall, findings from this study provide further implications for future researchers and marketers. Future researchers should further analyze gender behavior by conducting a longitudinal study of the various types of gender stereotypes at an international level. Additional implications and future research ideas are discussed throughout this research.展开更多
Hair has historically reflected material consequences in the Black community; thus, research has begun to investigate how the power/privilege matrix that is propagated throughout the media permeates society and impact...Hair has historically reflected material consequences in the Black community; thus, research has begun to investigate how the power/privilege matrix that is propagated throughout the media permeates society and impacts African-Arnerican women＇s perceptions of hair. This research joins the discussion by exploring how Black hair magazine advertisements influence Black women＇s hair decisions and their percepfious of what constitutes beautiful Black hair. Findings reveal that the images African-American women consume from Black hair magazine advertisements do impact what they consider to be beautiful and, subsequently, influence their day-to-day styling and hair care mechanisms, lending further support to the idea that the media serve as powerful sources of knowledge. This study culminates by theorizing about the constitutive meanings and importance of Black hair as conveyed through magazine advertisements and considers how Black women use social comparisons to make everyday hair decisions to achieve what they identify as good hair.展开更多
The effectiveness of celebrity endorsements has been a topic that has interested many advertising researchers. It has been long debated on which advertising method is most effective. The purpose of this study was to c...The effectiveness of celebrity endorsements has been a topic that has interested many advertising researchers. It has been long debated on which advertising method is most effective. The purpose of this study was to conclude whether or not advertising agencies and social cause organizations are obtaining the results of these studies and using them in magazine advertisement campaigns and which one of these advertisements is more prevalent in magazines. Advertisements were examined from two American magazines, W Magazine and Good Housekeeping. The results of the study showed that celebrtiy endoresments have been featured in magazine advertisements more in recent years that products are endorsed by celebrities more than social causes and a majority of these endoresments are for products that affect a consumer＇s self-image.展开更多
Pazhou village, which is a small village located in the southeast edge of Guangzhou, naming is because of the village resembles shape of Pipa. In periods of Song and Yuan Dynasty, it had become important geographical ...Pazhou village, which is a small village located in the southeast edge of Guangzhou, naming is because of the village resembles shape of Pipa. In periods of Song and Yuan Dynasty, it had become important geographical indication and port wharf of Guangzhou, because it is located in the main waterway. In Ming Dynasty, Pazhou Tower had become the symbol of the country in local area which was built by Guangzhou gentry. After Qing dynasty, with the raise of Ancient Huangpu Harbor, Pazhou village had a greater influence. Pazhou Tower and Temple had become well-known scenic local attractions, which was one of the ＂Eight Top Scenic Spots in Guangzhou＂.展开更多
文摘This study analyzed gender stereotypes in American and Mexican magazine advertisements. The researchers conducted a content analysis of four major fashion magazines （i.e., Vogue, Cosmopolitan, People en Espahol, and Vanidades）, using KANG＇s （1997） scales of gender behaviors inspired by Goffman＇s （1979） gender studies. The researcher obtained findings by averaging the overall sum of each country＇s stereotypes by comparing them for any similarities or disparities. The results suggest a similar amount of gender stereotypes across both countries, specifically in the gender categories of ＂feminine touch＂, ＂licensed withdrawal＂, and ＂body display＂. Overall, findings from this study provide further implications for future researchers and marketers. Future researchers should further analyze gender behavior by conducting a longitudinal study of the various types of gender stereotypes at an international level. Additional implications and future research ideas are discussed throughout this research.
文摘Hair has historically reflected material consequences in the Black community; thus, research has begun to investigate how the power/privilege matrix that is propagated throughout the media permeates society and impacts African-Arnerican women＇s perceptions of hair. This research joins the discussion by exploring how Black hair magazine advertisements influence Black women＇s hair decisions and their percepfious of what constitutes beautiful Black hair. Findings reveal that the images African-American women consume from Black hair magazine advertisements do impact what they consider to be beautiful and, subsequently, influence their day-to-day styling and hair care mechanisms, lending further support to the idea that the media serve as powerful sources of knowledge. This study culminates by theorizing about the constitutive meanings and importance of Black hair as conveyed through magazine advertisements and considers how Black women use social comparisons to make everyday hair decisions to achieve what they identify as good hair.
文摘The effectiveness of celebrity endorsements has been a topic that has interested many advertising researchers. It has been long debated on which advertising method is most effective. The purpose of this study was to conclude whether or not advertising agencies and social cause organizations are obtaining the results of these studies and using them in magazine advertisement campaigns and which one of these advertisements is more prevalent in magazines. Advertisements were examined from two American magazines, W Magazine and Good Housekeeping. The results of the study showed that celebrtiy endoresments have been featured in magazine advertisements more in recent years that products are endorsed by celebrities more than social causes and a majority of these endoresments are for products that affect a consumer＇s self-image.
文摘Pazhou village, which is a small village located in the southeast edge of Guangzhou, naming is because of the village resembles shape of Pipa. In periods of Song and Yuan Dynasty, it had become important geographical indication and port wharf of Guangzhou, because it is located in the main waterway. In Ming Dynasty, Pazhou Tower had become the symbol of the country in local area which was built by Guangzhou gentry. After Qing dynasty, with the raise of Ancient Huangpu Harbor, Pazhou village had a greater influence. Pazhou Tower and Temple had become well-known scenic local attractions, which was one of the ＂Eight Top Scenic Spots in Guangzhou＂.
