左阿基米德序半群的自然序带(英文)

刻划了分别可分解为左阿基米德序半群、左单序半群的幂零扩张序半群和左单序半群的自然序带的序半群的特征。

求解带序相关设置时间的绿色流水线调度问题

文中提出一种基于分布估计算法(Estimation of Distribution Algorithm,EDA)的多目标优化算法,用于求解带序相关设置时间的绿色流水线调度问题,优化目标为最小化最大完工时间和总电价。首先,初始解均通过随机产生的方式以保持种群的多样性和分散性;其次,统计非劣解集中优良解的信息并通过概率矩阵对其进行学习并保留;同时,设计一种自适应学习速率来控制优良解信息在整个算法搜索过程中的引导作用;然后,构建自学习的局部搜索策略对非劣解进行深度探索;最后,仿真实验和算法对比表明,文中所提方法能够有效求解此问题,并具有良好稳定性。

阿其图乌拉地区下白垩统赛汉组层序地层与铀成矿远景预测

阿其图乌拉凹陷位于苏尼特隆起内,凹陷周缘铀源条件较好,通过实地工作及前人资料整理,研究该地区沉积相、沉积构造和测井相等特征,建立测井相、测井相标志。研究认为该地区下白垩统赛汉组发育浅水辫状河三角洲-滨浅湖沉积体系。层序地层分析可精细研究不同时期沉积充填序列,并可进行等时地层对比。通过标准层序地层分析,将赛汉组共分为4个体系域类型,分别为湖侵体系域、高位体系域、下降期体系域及低位体系域,其中高位体系域及下降期体系域具有铀储层好、岩石还原容量高的特点。矿化异常主要产于高位及下降期体系域内。通过各体系域"层序-氧化带-岩相古地理"编图,提出"层序地层-储层-氧化带预测技术",并圈定Ⅰ、Ⅱ号成矿远景区,并认为Ⅱ号成矿远景区辫状河前缘砂体具有铀储集性能好、还原容量高的特点,可先开展钻探验证工作。

渤海下第三系层序地层特征及油气分布规律初探

根据Vail的层序地层学理论，建立了渤海下第三系层序地层沉积模型，将下第三系分为3个层序，3个层序具有相同的结构，沉积环境，接触关系等特征，每个层序内有3个重要界面，分为4个体系域，体系域边界及体系特征可大范围追踪对比，渐新统的体系域又划分出准层序组，准层序。研究表明不同体系域的储层特征明显不同，油气分布与层序相带有关。

类型系统λω×≤的范畴论模型

类型系统一直是理论计算机科学的研究热点 ,特别是带高阶子类型的多态类型系统的研究在探讨面向对象技术形式化理论基础中起着重要作用 .不过至今为止人们还没有得到高阶子类型满意的语义模型 .λω× ≤fibration的基范畴是特殊的带序范畴 ,且有插入子 ,其 fibre范畴是带转换结构的笛卡儿封闭范畴 .λω× ≤

试论造山带层序地层的类型、特点和控制因素——以东昆仑三叠系为例

造山带地区的层序地层往往被视为禁区,以东昆仑三叠系为例,认为造山带除核部外,远离造山带核部地区基本具备了开展层序地层研究的条件,但造山带层序地层与克拉通相比具显著的不同:1)体系域的不完整;2)凝缩段常常缺乏;3)造山带海平面变化特征自始至终呈现剧烈的跳跃式。因而控制造山带海平面变化和层序地层的并不是全球海平面变化,而是区域构造作用和物源控制。从而对造山带层序地层不能套用稳定地区的层序地层模式,而需要从自身特征出发,因地制宜,建立起不同构造环境控制下的海平面变化模式。

Characteristics,classification and ordination of riparian plant communities in the Three-Gorges areas

Sixteen different vegetation types of grassland and shrubland were selected to study the component and diversity of plant species of riparian plant communities along main channel in the Three-Gorges areas. Species richness (s), Simpson index (D), and Shannon-Weiner index (H) were used to study the biodiversity and the hierarchical classification was carried out by the methods of TWINSPAN and DCA ordination. The results showed that the components of flora were complex and dominated by the temperate type in the riparian plant communities. Species diversity was not different between the communities, but Shannon-Weiner indexes of different layers in some grassland were significantly different. TWINSPAN and DCA indicated that riparian plant communities distributed along the gradient of moisture.

态族带序结构的范畴

范畴的态族可以赋予一些结构,如Ab范畴,但在自然界中我们大量接触的是连续现象,作为现代分析的基础,连续是用序关系处理的.因此,本文赋予范畴的态族一个序结构,引进了带序范畴和正序函子,以此作为连续性的一种范畴描述.如范畴C带T_0拓扑,若(?)U_fg,(?)U_f,U_g,使得U_fg=U_f.U_g.则按开集的一种包含关系即构造出带拓扑的范畴上的序结构。

华北地层大区寒武纪早期地层统一划分与对比问题

基于华北地层大区数百条寒武纪早期地层剖面与安徽淮南地区基准层序(2组2亚组15段1个亚段)和带序(6个三叶虫带)的确切对比,编制了新的沉积分区图;依据有无猴家山组和馒头组下亚组是否完整,划分出5个沉积区;讨论了各区与基准层序—带序的对比;明确了各地方性岩石地层单位(五山组、李官组、碱厂组、辛集组、朱砂洞组、苏峪口组、五道淌组、昌平组、府君山组、老庄户组、水洞组、黑沟组等)的层位归属(具体至段),确认与寒武纪早期地层有关的3个沉积间断(皖北上升、豫陕上升和燕辽上升),归属于重新厘定的蓟县运动的3个期次。

Advances in DUS Test Technique for Coconut

As great progress has been made in the field of protection of new plant varieties, more attention is paid to the standardization of DUS(Distinctness, Uniformity, and Stability) test procedure. For further studies of tropical plants as their importance in agriculture and germplasm, protection of coconut becomes more significant and thus DUS test technique of coconut is needed. In this essay, we analyzed the status quo of the DUS test guidelines by International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants(UPOV proj.3) and national DUS test guidelines in China, and provided some suggestions or promotions for improving the guidelines of DUS test in coconut.

Macroblock-level decoding and deblocking method and its pipeline implementation in H.264 decoder SOC design

This paper presents a macroblock-level (MB-level) decoding and deblocking method for supporting the flexible macroblock ordering (FMO) and arbitrary slice ordering (ASO) bit streams in H.264 decoder and its SOC/ASIC implementation. By searching the slice containing the current macroblock in the bit stream and switching slices correctly, MBs can be decoded in the raster scan order, while the decoding process can immediately begin as long as the slice containing the current MB is available. This architectural modification enables the MB-level decoding and deblocking 3-stage pipeline, and saves about 20% of SDRAM bandwidth. Implementation results showed that the design achieves real-time decoding of 1080HD (1920×1088@30 fps) at a system clock of 166 MHz.

Optimal bandwidth scheduling of networked control systems (NCSs) in accordance with jitter

Network-induced delay and jitter are key factors causing performance degradation and instability of NCSs (networked control systems). The relationships between the sampling periods of the control loops, network-induced delay and jitter were studied aimed at token-type networks. A jitter-dependent optimal bandwidth scheduling algorithm for NCSs is proposed, which tries to achieve a tradeoff between bandwidth occupancy and system performance. Simulation tests proved the effectiveness of this optimal scheduling algorithm.

Changes in Soil Properties of Paddy Fields Across a Cultivation Chronosequence in Subtropical China

Rice production plays a crucial role in the food supply of China and a better understanding of the changes in paddy soil fertility and the management effects is of practical importance for increasing rice productivity. In this study, field sampling in a typical red soil region of subtropical China, Jiangxi Province, was used to observe changes in the soil physical, chemical, and biological properties in a cultivation chronosequence of paddy fields. After cultivation, clay (< 0.002 mm) content in the soil…

Diagnostic utility of narrow-band imaging endoscopy for pharyngeal superfi cial carcinoma

AIM: To investigate the endoscopic features of pharyngeal superfi cial carcinoma and evaluate the utility of narrow-band imaging (NBI) for this disease. METHODS: In the present prospective study, 335 patients underwent conventional white light (CWL) en-doscopy and non-magnifi ed/magnifi ed NBI endoscopy, followed by an endoscopic biopsy, for 445 superfi cial lesions in the oropharynx and hypopharynx. The macroscopic appearance of superfi cial lesions was categorized as either elevated (< 5 mm in height), flat, or depressed (not ulcerous). Superficial carcinoma (SC) was defi ned as a superfi cial lesion showing high-grade dysplasia or squamous cell carcinoma on histology. The color, delineation, and macroscopic appearances of the lesions were evaluated by CWL endoscopy. The ratio of the brownish area/intervascular brownish epithelium (IBE), as well as microvascular proliferation, dilation, and irregularities, was determined by non-magnifi ed/ magnifi ed NBI endoscopy. An experienced pathologist who was unaware of the endoscopic fi ndings made the histological diagnoses. By comparing endoscopic fi ndings with histology, we determined the endoscopic features of SC and evaluated the diagnostic utility of NBI. RESULTS: The 445 lesions were divided histologically into two groups: a non-SC group, including non-neoplasia and low-grade dysplasia cases, and an SC group. Of the 445 lesions examined, 333 were classified as non-SC and 112 were classif ied as SC. There were no significant differences in age, gender, or the location of the lesions between the patients in the two groups. The mean diameter of the SC lesions was signif icantly greater than that of non-SC lesions (11.0 ± 7.6 mm vs 4.6 ± 3.6 mm, respectively, P < 0.001). Comparisons of CWL endoscopy fi ndings for SC and non-SC lesions by univariate analysis revealed that the incidence of redness (72% vs 41%, respectively, P < 0.001) and a flat or depressed type of lesion (58% vs 44%, respectively, P = 0.013) was significantly higher in the SC group. Using non-magnifi ed NBI endoscopy, the incidence of a brownish area was signifi cantly higher for SC lesions (79% vs 57%, respectively, P < 0.001). On magnifi ed NBI endoscopy, the incidence of IBE (68% vs 33%, P < 0.001) and microvascular proliferation (82% vs 51%, P < 0.001), dilation (90% vs 76%, P =0.002), and irregularity (82% vs 31%, P < 0.001) was also signifi cantly higher for the SC compared with the non-SC lesions. Multivariate analysis revealed that the incidence of redness (P = 0.022) on CWL endoscopy and IBE (P < 0.001) and microvascular irregularities (P < 0.001) on magnif ied NBI endoscopy was signif icantly higher in SC than non-SC lesions. Redness alone exhibited signifi cantly higher sensitivity and signifi cantly lower specifi city for the diagnosis of SC compared with redness plus IBE and microvascular irregularities (72% vs 52%, P = 0.002; and 59% vs 92%, P < 0.001, respectively). The accuracy of redness plus IBE and irregularities for the diagnosis of SC was signifi cantly greater than using redness alone (82% vs 62%, respectively, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Redness, IBE, and microvascular irregularities appear to be closely related to SC lesions. Magnifi ed NBI endoscopy may increase the diagnostic accuracy of CWL endoscopy for SC.

Comparative Analysis of Mitochondrial Control Region Sequence from Three Flatfish Species(Pleuronectidae)

The 5’-end of the mitochondrial control region sequences of three flatfishes (Pleuronectiformes: Pleuronectidae) were amplified and sequenced. These sequences were compared with those of other three Pleuronectids species retrieved from GenBank. A phylogenetic tree was constructed based on the partial control region sequences. The results of phyloge- netic analysis are consistent with those of conventional systematics. Compared to previous studies, the structure of the 5’-end of mitochondrial control region was analyzed. The terminal associated sequence motif and its complementary motif were i- dentified at the 5’-end of the sequences. A conserved sequence block, named as CM5’d, was identified in the 5’-end of con- trol region sequences in all Pleuronectids. Another central conserved sequence block, named as CSB-F, was detected in the central conserved blocks.

左阿基米德序半群的带（英文）

本文刻画了左阿基米德序半群的带,给出了左阿基米德带同余的构造方法.作为结果的应用,还刻画了多类特殊类型的左阿基米德序半群的带.

Enhancing Rice Productivity and Soil Nitrogen Using Dual-Purpose Cowpea-NERICARice Sequence in Degraded Savanna

ISFM （integrated soil fertility management） involving annual sequencing of dual-purpose early-maturing first crop of cowpeas with biomass incorporation before seeding second crop of early-maturing NERICA （New Rice for Africa） was evaluated to enhance rice productivity and soil-nitrogen. Five dual-purpose early-maturing cowpea cultivars and local cultivar （Katche） were seeded early in the wet season in five farmers＇ fields at Ouake （9046＇ N, 1°35′ E, highly degraded-savanna）, Benin. After pod harvest, cowpea residues were minimally worked into the soil using minimum tillage with hand-hoe and seeded with early-maturing, resilient NERICA8 rice that received either 20 kg N/ha or zero-N. Cowpea grain yield averaged 0.1-0.3 Mg/ha, and mean aboveground cowpea biomass produced and recycled was 0.54-0.64 Mg/ha among best cultivars （IT97-568-11 and IT89KD-288）. NERICA8 seeded after cowpea cv. IT97-568-11 and supplied with 20N gave the greatest grain yield of about 2.0 Mg/ha, accounting for 500% heavier grains than fallow-rice rotation with zero-N. Mineral-N dynamics monitored under NERICA8 in year 2 showed that previous IT97-568-11 plots had the highest mineral-N at tillering which persisted till panicle initiation stage. The adoption of an ISFM comprising annual cowpea-NERICA sequence by smallholder rice farmers could enhance productivity and improve N-supply in fragile savannas.

Sedimentary environments controlled by tectonics and induced differential subsidence:A perspective in the Permian Liangshan and Qixia Formations,northwestern Sichuan Basin,China

Based on field observation,core description and well logging analysis,the tectonic-sedimentary framework of the Liangshan and Qixia Formations in the northwestern Sichuan Basin,China is deeply discussed.Two long-term sequence cycles were identified,denoted as LSC1 and LSC2,respectively.The sequence stratigraphic framework was established,suggesting the Liangshan Formation to be not isochronously deposited.Paleogeomorphy before deposition of LSC1 was reconstructed by the impression method.LSC1 was featured by thin,low-energy shoal deposits in the high topography,and thick inter-shoal sea and open sea deposits in the low topography.Meanwhile,paleogeomorphy before deposition of LSC2 was reconstructed using the residual thickness method,which was demonstrated to have primary high-energy,thick shoal deposits in the high topography,and thin inter-shoal and open sea deposits in the low topography.The results show that differential tectonic subsidence has already taken place during the Qixia Period,and thus the Dongwu Movement should occur earlier than previously expected.Meanwhile,pre-depositional paleogeomorphy has obvious controlling effects on the sequence stratigraphic filling and sedimentary facies distribution.Results of this study were expected to provide practical guidance to fine characterization of the sedimentary evolution process and prediction of high-quality reservoir distribution.

Order of sphalerite and galena precipitation: A case study from lead-zinc deposits in southwest China

Most of the lead and zinc deposits in Southwest China, are characterized by mineral zoning, which is especially true for the Huize and Zhaotong deposits. The mineral assemblage zoning is consistent for both horizontal and vertical zoning, from the base(center) of the ore body to the top(outermost), the mineral zones are as follows. I-1: coarse-grained pyrite and a little puce sphalerite;I-2: brown sphalerite, galena, and ferro-dolomite;I-3: galena, sandy beige and pale yellow sphalerite, and calcite;and I-4: fine-grained pyrite, dolomite, and calcite. Among them, sphalerite is the landmark mineral of different zoning. From I-1 to I-3, the color of sphalerite changes from dark to light, its crystalline size changes from coarse to fine, and its structure changes from disseminated to veinlet. This mineral zoning is seen not only on a microscopic scale, but is also clear on a mesoscopic and macroscopic scale. It is caused by the order of the sphalerite and galena precipitation. We studied the metallic minerals and fluid inclusions using a thermodynamic phase diagram method, such as lgfO2–lgfS2, pH–lgfO2, pH–lg[Pb^2+] and pH–lg[HS^-], discussed the constraints on the order of the sphalerite and galena precipitation in the migration and precipitation process of lead and zinc under different pH values, oxygen fugacity, sulfur fugacity, and ionic activity. We also explain the formation mechanism and propose that the main controlling factor of the order of the sphalerite and galena precipitation is sulfur fugacity.

Phylogenetic Relationships Among Species Subgroups in the Drosophila saltans Group (Diptera: Drosophilidae): Can Morphology Solve a Molecular Conflict?

Proper phylogenetic reconstruction is crucial for understanding many evolutionary phenomena. In spite of the great success of molecular phylogenetics, DNA signal still may be limited by some intrinsic constraints such as codon usage bias. The phylogenetic relationships between the five species subgroups of the Drosophila saltans group are a good example of conflicting molecular phylogenies drawn from different genes due to an ancestral substitutional shift. Here, forty morphological characters were analyzed using the same set of species used in previous molecular studies, with at least a single representative of each subgroup. The cladistic analysis was in disagreement with most of the previous hypotheses in placing the sturtevanti subgroup as an early branch, whereas the four remaining subgroups form a well supported clade that can be further subdivided into two sister clades： one containing the cordata and the elliptica subgroups, whereas the second includes the parasaltans and the saltans subgroups. The molecular evolution （codon usage bias） of the saltans group were revised in light of the present finding. The analysis highlights the important role of morphology in phylogeny reconstruction and in understanding molecular evolutionary phenomena.