Si based single electron transistor (SET) is fabricated successfully on p type SIMOX substrate,based on electron beam (EB) lithography,reactive ion etching (RIE) and thermal oxidation.In particular,using thermal oxi...Si based single electron transistor (SET) is fabricated successfully on p type SIMOX substrate,based on electron beam (EB) lithography,reactive ion etching (RIE) and thermal oxidation.In particular,using thermal oxidation and etching off the oxide layer,a one dimensional Si quantum wire can be converted into several quantum dots inside quantum wire in connection with the source and drain regions.The differential conductance (d I ds /d V ds ) oscillations and the Coulomb staircases in the source drain current ( I ds ) are shown clearly dependent on the source drain voltage at 5 3K.The I ds V gs (gate voltage) oscillations are observed from the I ds V gs characteristics as a function of V gs at different temperatures and various values of V ds .For a SET whose total capacitance is about 9 16aF,the I ds V gs oscillations can be observed at 77K.展开更多
Based on the orthodox theory,a model of a single electron transistor （SET） of metallic tunneling junctions is built using the master equation method. Several parameters of the device, such as capacitance, resistance...Based on the orthodox theory,a model of a single electron transistor （SET） of metallic tunneling junctions is built using the master equation method. Several parameters of the device, such as capacitance, resistance and temperature,are input into the model and thus the I-V curves are attained. These curves are consistent with those from other experiments; therefore, the model is verified. However, there still exists a difference between simulated results and experimental results,mainly comes from the stationary case of the master equation. In other words, precision of simulated results would be increased if the transient case of the master equation is considered. Moreover, the current increases exponentially at higher drain voltages, which is due to the fact that the barrier suppression is caused by the image charge potential.展开更多
Using the quantum theory for a mesoscopic circuit based on the discretenes of electric charges, the finitedifference Schrodinger equation of the non-dlssipative mesoscopic inductance and capacity coupling circuit is a...Using the quantum theory for a mesoscopic circuit based on the discretenes of electric charges, the finitedifference Schrodinger equation of the non-dlssipative mesoscopic inductance and capacity coupling circuit is achieved. The Coulomb blockade effect, which is caused by the discreteness of electric charges, is studied. Appropriately choose the components in the circuits, the finlte-dlfference Schrodinger equation can be divided into two Mathieu equations in representation.＂ With the WKBJ method, the currents quantum fluctuations in the ground states of the two circuits are calculated. The results show that the currents quantum zero-point fluctuations of the two circuits are exist and correlated.展开更多
Setting out from the categories of totality and histori（ci）sm in Kosik＇s Dialectics of the Concrete, we look at the relationship between theory and praxis： empty, abstract totality versus concrete, reified and ali...Setting out from the categories of totality and histori（ci）sm in Kosik＇s Dialectics of the Concrete, we look at the relationship between theory and praxis： empty, abstract totality versus concrete, reified and alienated practice （Lukacs, Habermas, Honneth）; a bad totality, in which the real polydimensional subject is replaced by the one-dimensional, mythologized, fetishized, and economistically reduced ＂subject＂ of consummation （Marcuse, Baudrillard）. The dialectics of concrete totality implies a marxistic critique of the ethical and juristic universalism, in the context of the ＂positive＂ side of globalization and political unilateralism, as a concrete, militant, hegemonistic, post-colonial, and neo-imperial practice （Apel, Habermas, Chomsky, Zinoviev）; globalization as totali（tari）zation, the ＂last man,＂ the ＂end of history,＂ and the ＂end＂ of dialectics in its neo-liberal, eschatological, empty ideological ＂realization＂ （Hegel, Marx, Fukuyama, Arendt）; the totality of the （invariable） being as a pseudo-concrete and pseudo-dialectical ontologistic speculation （Heidegger）： A ＂return＂ to a concrete history and a return of the ＂positive＂ dialectics as a critical awareness, mind, and method in the discourse ＂game＂ of human＇s cognitive, creative, and practical powers. The assumption of Kosik＇s humanism is a synchrony of nature and history in the ＂absolute＂ totality of human＇s concrete existence （Lukacs, Goldmann, Adorno, Sartre, Kosik）.展开更多
In the 40s and the 50s of the last century existed a largely shared conviction amongst the majority of social scientists in the US regarding the explanation of the theoretical philosophical roots of National Socialism...In the 40s and the 50s of the last century existed a largely shared conviction amongst the majority of social scientists in the US regarding the explanation of the theoretical philosophical roots of National Socialism. Contrarily to European writers, who searched its philosophical origins in irrational philosophical traditions, in the US, they relied upon the perception that Hegel＇s Philosophy of State was the most relevant ideological basis of National Socialism. Hegel＇s idea for the need of a strong state, seemed to clearly support the hypothesis. Herbert Marcuse, exiled in the United States, bad to confront himself with this conviction that academic colleague shared. This theoretical hypothesis was in tune to the Zeitgeist and the political context, in which anticommunism was growing stronger by the day and where the cold war was developing. Associating Hegel and National Socialism implied, for most of the hypothesis defenders yet another vantage point： it could discredit also Marx, for the tights links between his philosophical thinking and Hegel＇s one. For Marcuse this hypothesis was even more problematic knowing that in Germany, national socialist philosophers had rejected Hegel from the very first day their party came to power. In this article we try to analyze Marcuse＇s respective philosophical argument. The point of departure of this reconstruction is the philosophical interpretation of Hegel＇s theory of the State. Further than the historical context, the debate on Hegel and his theory of the State, is very relevant for today＇s debates, dominated by neoliberal ideologies, which often are starting from similar theoretical errors than the mentioned. In both cases exists a lack of understanding of the classic bourgeois content within the concept of the State, based on the French Revolution.展开更多
Taking Zhuoyu reservoir in Shannan of Tibet as the test site,the authors collected soil samples for laboratory analysis,and devised infiltration-clogging equipment for laboratory test to research the effect of cloggin...Taking Zhuoyu reservoir in Shannan of Tibet as the test site,the authors collected soil samples for laboratory analysis,and devised infiltration-clogging equipment for laboratory test to research the effect of clogging process on permeability of loose dam foundation of plateau reservoir.Through laboratory test,the soil can cause clogging effect by itself,and the effect of clogging is relative to the water pressure.The clogging effect can be caused obviously by adding fine particles,and the clogging effect of the particles with 0.063-0.25 mm diameter is best,which verifies the rationality of the optimal diameter interval.It provides the realistic significance for the anti-seepage of the plateau reservoir dam foundation.展开更多
This paper deals with the problems encountered while translating the book of short novels M. L., a gyilkos （The Murderer L. M.）, written by the contemporary Hungarian author Lazlo Marton （b. 1959）. One of the most...This paper deals with the problems encountered while translating the book of short novels M. L., a gyilkos （The Murderer L. M.）, written by the contemporary Hungarian author Lazlo Marton （b. 1959）. One of the most important reasons why the translator of this book （who also happens to be the author of this paper） has chosen to translate into Serbian this particular book, and not some other, more famous work of Marton, lies in the thematic, geocultural, and historical parallels with the Serbian context, which form the main fabular line of these short stories. The other, from the perspective of this paper, even more relevant reason for this translational choice can be found in the non-everyday challenge that Marton＇s hardly translatable style and language pose to the translator. This kind of a situation almost requires that the translator sacrifices formal fidelity to the original text and tries to find more creative solutions; in other words, it suggests choosing the principle of the so-called dynamic equivalence over the formal equivalence principle. In this respect, a special problem is the need to translate the so-called ＂talking names＂, a narrative trick with a great tradition in Hungarian literature. The aim of this paper is to try to answer, with the use of a representative corpus of examples, the following question： Is it possible and where can we draw limits in this author-translation related field of play, and what should be the level of consistency allowed to the translator, i.e., to what extent can he/she become the ＂coauthor＂of the translated work？展开更多
Population growth has consequences for intense use of aquatic ecosystems. Samples were taken, between 2013 and 2014, in the reservoirs ＂Algodoeiro＂ and ＂Gloria＂ in Sergipe, Brazil. TSI （Trophic State Index） and ...Population growth has consequences for intense use of aquatic ecosystems. Samples were taken, between 2013 and 2014, in the reservoirs ＂Algodoeiro＂ and ＂Gloria＂ in Sergipe, Brazil. TSI （Trophic State Index） and WQI （Water Quality Index） were used. It was determined the parameters such as conductivity, dissolved oxygen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and chlorophyll. TSI has been applied, in ＂Algodoeiro＂, which was classified as mesotrophic. With the increase of rainfall in 2014, this reservoir changed its condition to eutrophic. ＂Gloria＂ reservoir was already classified in super-eutrophication. Regarding the WQI, the reservoirs were classified in Class IV, indicating a critically degraded condition.展开更多
The selectivity of gillnets for Oreochromis niloticus in Amerti reservoir （9°63′ N, 37°23′ E） was determined from gillnets with four mesh sizes （60, 80, 100 and 120 mm）. Four selectivity models （a nor...The selectivity of gillnets for Oreochromis niloticus in Amerti reservoir （9°63′ N, 37°23′ E） was determined from gillnets with four mesh sizes （60, 80, 100 and 120 mm）. Four selectivity models （a normal model assuming fixed spread, a normal model assuming that spread is proportional to mesh size, a lognormal model and a gamma model） were fitted to the data by using the share each length＇s catch total （SELECT） method. A total of 657 specimens of Oreochromis niloticus were caught （12.0-35.5 cm total length, TD. The sizes at first sexual maturity were 21.5 cm TL and 18.9 cm TL, respectively, for male and female Oreochromis niloticus. The lognormal selectivity curve provided the best fit to the data according to model deviance estimates with optimum selectivity of 16.66, 22.26, 27.78 and 33.38 cm TL for the 60, 80, 100 and 120 mm mesh sizes, respectively.展开更多
We investigate the charge transport in close-packed ultra-narrow （1.5 nm diameter） gold nanowires stabilized by oleylamine ligands. We give evidence of charging effects in the weakly coupled one-dimensional （1D） n...We investigate the charge transport in close-packed ultra-narrow （1.5 nm diameter） gold nanowires stabilized by oleylamine ligands. We give evidence of charging effects in the weakly coupled one-dimensional （1D） nanowires, monitored by the temperature and the bias voltage. At low temperature, in the Coulomb blockade regime, the current flow reveals an original cooperative multi-hopping process between 1D-segments of Au-NWs, minimising the charging energy cost. Above the Coulomb blockade threshold voltage and at high temperature, the charge transport evolves into a sequential tunneling regime between the nearest- nanowires. Our analysis shows that the effective length of the Au-NWs inside the bundle is similar to the 1D localisation length of the electronic wave function （of the order of 120 nm _＋ 20 nm）, but almost two orders of magnitude larger than the diameter of the nanowire. This result confirms the high structural quality of the Au-NW segments.展开更多
Background and objective:Acute liver failure(ALF)is a type of disease with high mortality and rapid progression with no specific treatment methods currently available.Glucocorticoids exert beneficial clinical effects ...Background and objective:Acute liver failure(ALF)is a type of disease with high mortality and rapid progression with no specific treatment methods currently available.Glucocorticoids exert beneficial clinical effects on therapy for ALF.However,the mechanism of this effect remains unclear and when to use glucocorticoids in patients with ALF is difficult to determine.The purpose of this study was to investigate the specific immunological mechanism of dexamethasone(Dex)on treatment of ALF induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS)/D-galactosamine(D-Ga IN)in mice.Methods:Male C57 BL/6 mice were given LPS and D-Ga IN by intraperitoneal injection to establish an animal model of ALF.Dex was administrated to these mice and its therapeutic effect was observed.Hematoxylin and eosin(H&E)staining was used to determine liver pathology.Multicolor flow cytometry,cytometric bead array(CBA)method,and next-generation sequencing were performed to detect changes of messenger RNA(m RNA)in immune cells,cytokines,and Kupffer cells,respectively.Results:A mouse model of ALF can be constructed successfully using LPS/D-Ga IN,which causes a cytokine storm in early disease progression.Innate immune cells change markedly with progression of liver failure.Earlier use of Dex,at 0 h rather than 1 h,could significantly improve the progression of ALF induced by LPS/D-Ga IN in mice.Numbers of innate immune cells,especially Kupffer cells and neutrophils,increased significantly in the Dex-treated group.In vivo experiments indicated that the therapeutic effect of Dex is exerted mainly via the glucocorticoid receptor(Gr).Sequencing of Kupffer cells revealed that Dex could increase m RNA transcription level of nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1(Nr4 a1),and that this effect disappeared after Gr inhibition.Conclusions:In LPS/D-Ga IN-induced ALF mice,early administration of Dex improved ALF by increasing the numbers of innate immune cells,especially Kupffer cells and neutrophils.Gr-dependent Nr4 a1 upregulation in Kupffer cells may be an important ALF effect regulated by Dex in this process.展开更多
A square graphene single electron transistor （SET） was defined with two side gates, and its transport was studied at low temperature at T = 2 K. At zero magnetic field, Coulomb blockade oscillations were clearly obs...A square graphene single electron transistor （SET） was defined with two side gates, and its transport was studied at low temperature at T = 2 K. At zero magnetic field, Coulomb blockade oscillations were clearly observed near the Dirac point of this device. At high magnetic field, in the quantum Hall regime, we observed ballistic tunneling of the carders through the graphene SET, contrary to the Coulomb blockades observed while approaching the vicinity of the Dirac point.展开更多
文摘Si based single electron transistor (SET) is fabricated successfully on p type SIMOX substrate,based on electron beam (EB) lithography,reactive ion etching (RIE) and thermal oxidation.In particular,using thermal oxidation and etching off the oxide layer,a one dimensional Si quantum wire can be converted into several quantum dots inside quantum wire in connection with the source and drain regions.The differential conductance (d I ds /d V ds ) oscillations and the Coulomb staircases in the source drain current ( I ds ) are shown clearly dependent on the source drain voltage at 5 3K.The I ds V gs (gate voltage) oscillations are observed from the I ds V gs characteristics as a function of V gs at different temperatures and various values of V ds .For a SET whose total capacitance is about 9 16aF,the I ds V gs oscillations can be observed at 77K.
文摘Based on the orthodox theory,a model of a single electron transistor （SET） of metallic tunneling junctions is built using the master equation method. Several parameters of the device, such as capacitance, resistance and temperature,are input into the model and thus the I-V curves are attained. These curves are consistent with those from other experiments; therefore, the model is verified. However, there still exists a difference between simulated results and experimental results,mainly comes from the stationary case of the master equation. In other words, precision of simulated results would be increased if the transient case of the master equation is considered. Moreover, the current increases exponentially at higher drain voltages, which is due to the fact that the barrier suppression is caused by the image charge potential.
基金The project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 10405009 and Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province of China under Grant No. 103143
文摘Using the quantum theory for a mesoscopic circuit based on the discretenes of electric charges, the finitedifference Schrodinger equation of the non-dlssipative mesoscopic inductance and capacity coupling circuit is achieved. The Coulomb blockade effect, which is caused by the discreteness of electric charges, is studied. Appropriately choose the components in the circuits, the finlte-dlfference Schrodinger equation can be divided into two Mathieu equations in representation.＂ With the WKBJ method, the currents quantum fluctuations in the ground states of the two circuits are calculated. The results show that the currents quantum zero-point fluctuations of the two circuits are exist and correlated.
文摘Setting out from the categories of totality and histori（ci）sm in Kosik＇s Dialectics of the Concrete, we look at the relationship between theory and praxis： empty, abstract totality versus concrete, reified and alienated practice （Lukacs, Habermas, Honneth）; a bad totality, in which the real polydimensional subject is replaced by the one-dimensional, mythologized, fetishized, and economistically reduced ＂subject＂ of consummation （Marcuse, Baudrillard）. The dialectics of concrete totality implies a marxistic critique of the ethical and juristic universalism, in the context of the ＂positive＂ side of globalization and political unilateralism, as a concrete, militant, hegemonistic, post-colonial, and neo-imperial practice （Apel, Habermas, Chomsky, Zinoviev）; globalization as totali（tari）zation, the ＂last man,＂ the ＂end of history,＂ and the ＂end＂ of dialectics in its neo-liberal, eschatological, empty ideological ＂realization＂ （Hegel, Marx, Fukuyama, Arendt）; the totality of the （invariable） being as a pseudo-concrete and pseudo-dialectical ontologistic speculation （Heidegger）： A ＂return＂ to a concrete history and a return of the ＂positive＂ dialectics as a critical awareness, mind, and method in the discourse ＂game＂ of human＇s cognitive, creative, and practical powers. The assumption of Kosik＇s humanism is a synchrony of nature and history in the ＂absolute＂ totality of human＇s concrete existence （Lukacs, Goldmann, Adorno, Sartre, Kosik）.
文摘In the 40s and the 50s of the last century existed a largely shared conviction amongst the majority of social scientists in the US regarding the explanation of the theoretical philosophical roots of National Socialism. Contrarily to European writers, who searched its philosophical origins in irrational philosophical traditions, in the US, they relied upon the perception that Hegel＇s Philosophy of State was the most relevant ideological basis of National Socialism. Hegel＇s idea for the need of a strong state, seemed to clearly support the hypothesis. Herbert Marcuse, exiled in the United States, bad to confront himself with this conviction that academic colleague shared. This theoretical hypothesis was in tune to the Zeitgeist and the political context, in which anticommunism was growing stronger by the day and where the cold war was developing. Associating Hegel and National Socialism implied, for most of the hypothesis defenders yet another vantage point： it could discredit also Marx, for the tights links between his philosophical thinking and Hegel＇s one. For Marcuse this hypothesis was even more problematic knowing that in Germany, national socialist philosophers had rejected Hegel from the very first day their party came to power. In this article we try to analyze Marcuse＇s respective philosophical argument. The point of departure of this reconstruction is the philosophical interpretation of Hegel＇s theory of the State. Further than the historical context, the debate on Hegel and his theory of the State, is very relevant for today＇s debates, dominated by neoliberal ideologies, which often are starting from similar theoretical errors than the mentioned. In both cases exists a lack of understanding of the classic bourgeois content within the concept of the State, based on the French Revolution.
基金Supported by Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41072197)
文摘Taking Zhuoyu reservoir in Shannan of Tibet as the test site,the authors collected soil samples for laboratory analysis,and devised infiltration-clogging equipment for laboratory test to research the effect of clogging process on permeability of loose dam foundation of plateau reservoir.Through laboratory test,the soil can cause clogging effect by itself,and the effect of clogging is relative to the water pressure.The clogging effect can be caused obviously by adding fine particles,and the clogging effect of the particles with 0.063-0.25 mm diameter is best,which verifies the rationality of the optimal diameter interval.It provides the realistic significance for the anti-seepage of the plateau reservoir dam foundation.
文摘This paper deals with the problems encountered while translating the book of short novels M. L., a gyilkos （The Murderer L. M.）, written by the contemporary Hungarian author Lazlo Marton （b. 1959）. One of the most important reasons why the translator of this book （who also happens to be the author of this paper） has chosen to translate into Serbian this particular book, and not some other, more famous work of Marton, lies in the thematic, geocultural, and historical parallels with the Serbian context, which form the main fabular line of these short stories. The other, from the perspective of this paper, even more relevant reason for this translational choice can be found in the non-everyday challenge that Marton＇s hardly translatable style and language pose to the translator. This kind of a situation almost requires that the translator sacrifices formal fidelity to the original text and tries to find more creative solutions; in other words, it suggests choosing the principle of the so-called dynamic equivalence over the formal equivalence principle. In this respect, a special problem is the need to translate the so-called ＂talking names＂, a narrative trick with a great tradition in Hungarian literature. The aim of this paper is to try to answer, with the use of a representative corpus of examples, the following question： Is it possible and where can we draw limits in this author-translation related field of play, and what should be the level of consistency allowed to the translator, i.e., to what extent can he/she become the ＂coauthor＂of the translated work？
文摘Population growth has consequences for intense use of aquatic ecosystems. Samples were taken, between 2013 and 2014, in the reservoirs ＂Algodoeiro＂ and ＂Gloria＂ in Sergipe, Brazil. TSI （Trophic State Index） and WQI （Water Quality Index） were used. It was determined the parameters such as conductivity, dissolved oxygen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and chlorophyll. TSI has been applied, in ＂Algodoeiro＂, which was classified as mesotrophic. With the increase of rainfall in 2014, this reservoir changed its condition to eutrophic. ＂Gloria＂ reservoir was already classified in super-eutrophication. Regarding the WQI, the reservoirs were classified in Class IV, indicating a critically degraded condition.
文摘The selectivity of gillnets for Oreochromis niloticus in Amerti reservoir （9°63′ N, 37°23′ E） was determined from gillnets with four mesh sizes （60, 80, 100 and 120 mm）. Four selectivity models （a normal model assuming fixed spread, a normal model assuming that spread is proportional to mesh size, a lognormal model and a gamma model） were fitted to the data by using the share each length＇s catch total （SELECT） method. A total of 657 specimens of Oreochromis niloticus were caught （12.0-35.5 cm total length, TD. The sizes at first sexual maturity were 21.5 cm TL and 18.9 cm TL, respectively, for male and female Oreochromis niloticus. The lognormal selectivity curve provided the best fit to the data according to model deviance estimates with optimum selectivity of 16.66, 22.26, 27.78 and 33.38 cm TL for the 60, 80, 100 and 120 mm mesh sizes, respectively.
文摘We investigate the charge transport in close-packed ultra-narrow （1.5 nm diameter） gold nanowires stabilized by oleylamine ligands. We give evidence of charging effects in the weakly coupled one-dimensional （1D） nanowires, monitored by the temperature and the bias voltage. At low temperature, in the Coulomb blockade regime, the current flow reveals an original cooperative multi-hopping process between 1D-segments of Au-NWs, minimising the charging energy cost. Above the Coulomb blockade threshold voltage and at high temperature, the charge transport evolves into a sequential tunneling regime between the nearest- nanowires. Our analysis shows that the effective length of the Au-NWs inside the bundle is similar to the 1D localisation length of the electronic wave function （of the order of 120 nm _＋ 20 nm）, but almost two orders of magnitude larger than the diameter of the nanowire. This result confirms the high structural quality of the Au-NW segments.
基金Project supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LEZ20H260001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81700552)。
文摘Background and objective:Acute liver failure(ALF)is a type of disease with high mortality and rapid progression with no specific treatment methods currently available.Glucocorticoids exert beneficial clinical effects on therapy for ALF.However,the mechanism of this effect remains unclear and when to use glucocorticoids in patients with ALF is difficult to determine.The purpose of this study was to investigate the specific immunological mechanism of dexamethasone(Dex)on treatment of ALF induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS)/D-galactosamine(D-Ga IN)in mice.Methods:Male C57 BL/6 mice were given LPS and D-Ga IN by intraperitoneal injection to establish an animal model of ALF.Dex was administrated to these mice and its therapeutic effect was observed.Hematoxylin and eosin(H&E)staining was used to determine liver pathology.Multicolor flow cytometry,cytometric bead array(CBA)method,and next-generation sequencing were performed to detect changes of messenger RNA(m RNA)in immune cells,cytokines,and Kupffer cells,respectively.Results:A mouse model of ALF can be constructed successfully using LPS/D-Ga IN,which causes a cytokine storm in early disease progression.Innate immune cells change markedly with progression of liver failure.Earlier use of Dex,at 0 h rather than 1 h,could significantly improve the progression of ALF induced by LPS/D-Ga IN in mice.Numbers of innate immune cells,especially Kupffer cells and neutrophils,increased significantly in the Dex-treated group.In vivo experiments indicated that the therapeutic effect of Dex is exerted mainly via the glucocorticoid receptor(Gr).Sequencing of Kupffer cells revealed that Dex could increase m RNA transcription level of nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1(Nr4 a1),and that this effect disappeared after Gr inhibition.Conclusions:In LPS/D-Ga IN-induced ALF mice,early administration of Dex improved ALF by increasing the numbers of innate immune cells,especially Kupffer cells and neutrophils.Gr-dependent Nr4 a1 upregulation in Kupffer cells may be an important ALF effect regulated by Dex in this process.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 10874220)the Main Direction Program of Knowledge Innovation of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. KJCX2-YW- W30)the Natinal Basic Research Program of China from the MOST (Grant No. 2011CB932704)
文摘A square graphene single electron transistor （SET） was defined with two side gates, and its transport was studied at low temperature at T = 2 K. At zero magnetic field, Coulomb blockade oscillations were clearly observed near the Dirac point of this device. At high magnetic field, in the quantum Hall regime, we observed ballistic tunneling of the carders through the graphene SET, contrary to the Coulomb blockades observed while approaching the vicinity of the Dirac point.
