某大型条形封闭煤仓的网架安装技术

惠州荃湾煤炭码头建设2座大型条形封闭煤仓,单座长500 m、跨度118 m,上部展开约7.45万m^2的网架+檩条+高强压型钢板结构。网架采用正放四角锥双层三心圆柱面弧形网壳结构,主次檩条双层先后布置。结合项目特点及现场条件,为加快安装效率、提高安装精度,网架采用整体顶升工艺、分条分块顶吊工艺和高空散装工艺相结合进行安装。檩条采用地面预拼成榀、高空榀装工艺。通过对网壳上部结构进行全面、系统、全过程应力自动监测,同步进行网壳施工测量,确保安装质量和安全。可为水运工程类似项目提供范例和经验借鉴。

Integrated real-time roof monitoring

CSIRO has recently developed a real-time roof monitoring system for under-groundcoal mines and successfully tried the system in gate roads at Ulan Mine.The systemintegrated displacement monitoring,stress monitoring and seismic monitoring in onepackage.It included GEL multianchor extensometers,vibrating wire uniaxial stress meters,ESG seismic monitoring system with microseismic sensors and high-frequency AE sensors.The monitoring system automated and the data can be automatically collected by acentral computer located in an underground nonhazardous area.The data are then transferredto the surface via an optical fiber cable.The real-time data were accessed at anylocation with an Internet connection.The trials of the system in two tailgates at Ulan Minedemonstrate that the system is effective for monitoring the behavior and stability of roadwaysduring Iongwall mining.The continuous roof displacement/stress data show clearprecursors of roof falls.The seismic data (event count and locations) provide insights intothe roof failure process during roof fall.

基于锚索格构梁支护结构的高边坡健康监测研究与分析

在陇南山区,边坡工程安全问题日益突出,对边坡工程进行监测预警尤为必要。该文依托舟曲灾后重建项目某高边坡加固工程实例,建立了一套综合立体的边坡自动化监测系统。通过对边坡应力、位移的监测与分析,发现了边坡在施工和运营阶段的一些变化特征和规律:边坡支护初期,应力、位移变化的幅度较大;随着支护结构与边坡内部岩体的相互调整,二者变化趋于平稳。该边坡支护结束至今:最大位移变化速度为0.24mm/d﹤0.5mm/d,监测点最大位移累积变化量小于10mm,最大加速度为0.31mm/d2;格构梁的受力与变形也均处于弹性范围之内;边坡内部水平位移变化也较小。综合各项监测结果可以得出,锚索格构梁可以对该边坡起到有效的加固效果,该边坡在运营阶段处于稳定状态。该试验对今后同类边坡的加固设计与监测分析具有一定的参考价值。