胶凝原油初始应力递增过程的力学模型

考虑胶凝原油具有蠕变与松弛特性,将Maxwell线性黏弹性体与幂律流体元件进行并联,得到机械比拟模型。在幂律流体元件应力项中引入与应变相关的损伤因子,Maxwell黏弹性体剪切应力项中引入完整性因子,得到胶凝原油初始应力递增阶段的描述公式。分别对大庆原油、南阳原油进行恒剪切速率试验测试,利用模型公式拟合初始应力递增阶段的试验数据,计算胶凝原油应力松弛过程。结果表明:拟合效果良好,模型参数不随剪切测试条件改变,能够反映胶凝原油的物性特征。该模型可以表述胶凝原油的松弛特性;应变幅值越大,结构损伤越明显,对应的剪切模量数值越小,符合胶凝原油的真实流变特性。

构造成矿非线性动力学:1.递增应力流变学模型

本文提出了构造成矿作用动力学研究的递增应力流变学方法。利用该方法将构造变形、应力、流体流动、地球化学反应及成岩成矿作用等多过程耦合起来，可以从多种地质过程的耦合与反馈作用对构造成矿的动力学演化过程进行１～３维数值模拟。模拟的主要内容是在各种过程耦合作用下，以下描述构造成矿体系的主要变量的时空演化：（１）与成矿流体的形成和性质有关的变量，如地层中矿物（包括成矿物质）的溶解速率、流体中各组分的浓度与饱和度、流体温度、压力、离子强度等；（２）与构造变形和流体运移有关的各变量，如应力与变形速率、岩石孔隙度、构造（断裂）渗透率等；（３）与沉淀成矿有关的变量，如矿物（金瞩矿物和脉石矿物）的成核速率、各矿物的沉淀量等；（４）上述各有关变量间的时空耦合关系，如断裂渗透率时空演化与流体流动、汇聚和成矿的耦合关系等。

Nonlinear Recording Holography Capable of Doubly Increasing Stress Pattern

When recording a hologram,we should control the exposure amount which is in nonlinear area of the characteristic curve of complex amplitude transmittance t-exposure H,the hologram can diffract some higher-order diffracted photograph.The amount of diffracted order has something to do with the recording angle betweenobject beam and reference beam,is concerned with the ship of transmission curve.Theintensity distribution of the higher-order diffracted beam is modulated by the change of phase difference.If the phase difference increased a time,the number of diffracted fringes also increased a time,it is similar to a fringe multipler,that it is obvious to increase the precision of interferometry.Nonlinear recording of double exposure method is discussed,and the formula of intensity distribution of second order diffracted photography,and experimental results are given.