Uniaxial compressive behavior of equal channel angular pressing Al at wide temperature and strain rate range

Uniaxial compressive experiments of ultrafine-grained Al fabricated by equal channel angular pressing(ECAP) method were performed at wide temperature and strain rate range. The influence of temperature on flow stress, strain hardening rate and strain rate sensitivity was investigated experimentally. The results show that both the effect of temperature on flow stress and its strain rate sensitivity of ECAPed Al is much larger than those of the coarse-grained Al. The temperature sensitivity of ultrafine-grained Al is comparatively weaker than that of the coarse-grained Al. Based on the experimental results, the apparent activation volume was estimated at different temperatures and strain rates. The forest dislocation interactions is the dominant thermally activated mechanism for ECAPed Al compressed at quasi-static strain rates, while the viscous drag plays an important role at high strain rates.

基于构件冗余度均衡化的单层网壳结构优化研究

为实现单层网壳结构构件冗余度的均衡分布,减小构件间的重要性差异,提高结构抵抗荷载作用的能力。将基于灵敏度分析的构件冗余度评价方法应用到单层网壳结构中,以衡量构件在结构中的重要性;而后根据构件冗余度系数值的大小,将结构构件划分为重要构件、一般构件和次要构件三个不同层次的构件集合,实现结构构件的分类控制;在此基础上以构件的截面参数为优化变量,将结构构件的冗余度标准差与各层次构件的冗余度标准差之和最小化定义为目标函数,基于粒子群算法优化结构构件的截面参数。结果表明:构件的冗余度系数可以准确地反映构件在结构中的重要性及其破坏后对结构的影响程度,减小构件间的冗余度差异,可以实现结构构件截面尺寸的合理分布,有效提升结构的整体性能和极限承载力。

Effect of processing parameters on flow behaviors and microstructure during high temperature deformation of GH4586 superalloy

The apparent activation energy for deformation(Q)and strain rate sensitivity(m)of GH4586 superalloy are calculated and the variation trend is reasonably explained by the microstructure observations.Constitutive modelling of this superalloy is established and the processing maps at different strains are constructed.The results show that the Q value is in the range of 751.22−878.29 kJ/mol.At a temperature of 1060°C,strain rate of 0.001 s^(−1),and strain of 0.65,the m value of GH4586 superalloy reaches a maximum of 0.42.The optimal processing parameter of GH4586 superalloy is at a deformation temperature of 1050°C and a strain rate of 0.001 s^(−1).The domains of flow instability notably expand with increasing strain during high temperature deformation of GH4586 superalloy.

Energy consumption in rock fragmentation at intermediate strain rate

In order to determine the relationship among energy consumption of rock and its fragmentation, dynamic strength and strain rate, granite, sandstone and limestone specimens were chosen and tested on large-diameter split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) equipment with half-sine waveform loading at the strain rates ranging from 40 to 150 s- 1. With recorded signals, the energy consumption, strain rate and dynamic strength were analyzed. And the fragmentation behaviors of specimens were investigated. The experimental results show that the energy consumption density of rock increases linearly with the total incident energy. The energy consumption density is of an exponent relationship with the average size of rock fragments. The higher the energy consumption density, the more serious the fragmentation, and the better the gradation of fragments. The energy consumption density takes a good logarithm relationship with the dynamic strength of rock. The dynamic strength of rock increases with the increase of strain rate, indicating higher strain rate sensitivity.

Mechanical properties of cement mortar in sodium sulfate and sodium chloride solutions

To investigate the mechanical properties of cement mortar in sodium sulfate and sodium chloride solutions, uniaxial compression test and ultrasonic test were performed. Test results show that the relative dynamic elastic modulus, the mass variation,and the compressive strength of cement mortar increase first, and then decrease with increasing erosion time in sodium sulfate and sodium chloride solutions. The relative dynamic elastic moduli and the compressive strengths of cement mortars with water/cement ratios of 0.55 and 0.65 in sodium sulfate solution are lower than those in sodium chloride solution with the same concentration at the420 th day of immersion. The compressive strength of cement mortar with water/cement ratio of 0.65 is more sensitive to strain rate than that with water/cement ratio of 0.55. In addition, the strain-rate sensitivity of compressive strength of cement mortar will increase under attacks of sodium sulfate or sodium chloride solution.

Size-dependent mechanical properties and deformation mechanisms in Cu/NbMoTaW nanolaminates

High entropy alloys(HEAs)have attracted extensive attention due to their excellent properties in harsh environments.Here,we introduced the HEA NbMoTaW into the laminated structure to synthesize the Cu/HEA nanolaminates(NLs)with equal layer thickness h spanning from 5 to 100 nm,and comparatively investigated the size dependent mechanical properties and plastic deformation.The experimental results demonstrated that the hardness of Cu/HEA NLs increased with decreasing h,and reached a plateau at h≤50 nm,while the strain rate sensitivity m unexpectedly went through a maximum with reducing h.The emergence of maximum m results from a transition from the synergetic effect of crystalline constituents to the competitive effect between crystalline Cu and amorphous-like NbMoTaW.Microstructural examinations revealed that shear banding caused by the incoherent Cu/HEA interfaces occurred under severe deformation,and the soft Cu layers dominated plastic deformation of Cu/HEA NLs with large h.