The effects of exercise on decision-making performance have been studied using a wide variety of cognitive tasks and exercise interventions. Although the current literature supports a beneficial influence of acute exe...The effects of exercise on decision-making performance have been studied using a wide variety of cognitive tasks and exercise interventions. Although the current literature supports a beneficial influence of acute exercise on cognitive performance, the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon have not yet been elucidated. We review studies that used single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation （TMS） to probe the excitability of motor structures during whole-body exercise and present a framework to account for the facilitating effects of acute exercise on motor processes. Recent results suggest that, even in the absence of fatigue, the increase in corticospinal excitability classically reported during submaximal and exhausting exercises may be accompanied by a reduction in intracortical inhibition. We propose that reduced intracortical inhibition elicits an adaptive central mechanism that counteracts the progressive reduction in muscle responsiveness caused by peripheral fatigue. Such a reduction would render the motor cortex more sensitive to upstream influences, thus causing increased corticospinal excitability. Furthermore, reduction of intracortical inhibition may account for the more efficient descending drive and for the improvement of reaction time performance during exercise. The adaptive modulation in intracortical inhibition could be implemented through a general increase in reticular activation that would further account for enhanced sensory sensitivity.展开更多
本文研究了BINGO 9000型半潜式钻井平台甲板、舱室的布置,设计了全船的火/气探测回路和火/气监测与报警系统的监测软件.着重介绍了钻井平台区域的火/气探测器的布置,火/气探测回路和监测界面的设计以及数据库程序模块和应急关断系统设计...本文研究了BINGO 9000型半潜式钻井平台甲板、舱室的布置,设计了全船的火/气探测回路和火/气监测与报警系统的监测软件.着重介绍了钻井平台区域的火/气探测器的布置,火/气探测回路和监测界面的设计以及数据库程序模块和应急关断系统设计.在Windows2000操作系统平台和Vi sual C++开发环境下,开发了火/气监测与报警系统软件,这个监测软件不仅具有火灾探测、气体泄漏探测报警功能,还具有逻辑判断表决功能,可根据所探测的有险情区域,将触发信号送至应急关断系统,对该险情区域的已知助燃设备及消防设备进行自动控制.本文设计的可视化监控软件,可以实现全船的火/气状态监测.展开更多
文摘The effects of exercise on decision-making performance have been studied using a wide variety of cognitive tasks and exercise interventions. Although the current literature supports a beneficial influence of acute exercise on cognitive performance, the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon have not yet been elucidated. We review studies that used single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation （TMS） to probe the excitability of motor structures during whole-body exercise and present a framework to account for the facilitating effects of acute exercise on motor processes. Recent results suggest that, even in the absence of fatigue, the increase in corticospinal excitability classically reported during submaximal and exhausting exercises may be accompanied by a reduction in intracortical inhibition. We propose that reduced intracortical inhibition elicits an adaptive central mechanism that counteracts the progressive reduction in muscle responsiveness caused by peripheral fatigue. Such a reduction would render the motor cortex more sensitive to upstream influences, thus causing increased corticospinal excitability. Furthermore, reduction of intracortical inhibition may account for the more efficient descending drive and for the improvement of reaction time performance during exercise. The adaptive modulation in intracortical inhibition could be implemented through a general increase in reticular activation that would further account for enhanced sensory sensitivity.
文摘本文研究了BINGO 9000型半潜式钻井平台甲板、舱室的布置,设计了全船的火/气探测回路和火/气监测与报警系统的监测软件.着重介绍了钻井平台区域的火/气探测器的布置,火/气探测回路和监测界面的设计以及数据库程序模块和应急关断系统设计.在Windows2000操作系统平台和Vi sual C++开发环境下,开发了火/气监测与报警系统软件,这个监测软件不仅具有火灾探测、气体泄漏探测报警功能,还具有逻辑判断表决功能,可根据所探测的有险情区域,将触发信号送至应急关断系统,对该险情区域的已知助燃设备及消防设备进行自动控制.本文设计的可视化监控软件,可以实现全船的火/气状态监测.
