Glucose homeostasis deficiency leads to a chronic increase in blood glucose concentration. In contrast to physiological glucose concentration, chronic super-physiological glucose concentration negatively affects a lar...Glucose homeostasis deficiency leads to a chronic increase in blood glucose concentration. In contrast to physiological glucose concentration, chronic super-physiological glucose concentration negatively affects a large number of organs and tissues. Glucose toxicity means a decrease in insulin secretion and an increase in insulin resistance due to chronic hyperglycemia. It is now generally accepted that glucose toxicity is involved in the worsening of diabetes by affecting the secretion of B-cells. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain the adverse effects of hyperglycemia. It was found that persistent hyperglycemia caused the functional decline of neutrophils. Infection is thus the main problem resulting from glucose toxicity in the acute phase. In other words, continued hyperglycemia is a life-threatening risk factor, not only in the chronic but also the acute phase, and it becomes a risk factor for infection, particularly in the perioperative period.展开更多
In the past decades,a persistent progression of diabetic vascular complications despite reversal of hyperglycemia has been observed in both experimental and clinical studies.This durable effect of prior hyperglycemia ...In the past decades,a persistent progression of diabetic vascular complications despite reversal of hyperglycemia has been observed in both experimental and clinical studies.This durable effect of prior hyperglycemia on the initiation and progression of diabetic vasculopathies was defined as"metabolic memory".Subsequently,enhanced glycation of cellular proteins and lipids,sustained oxidative stress,and prolonged inflammation were demonstrated to mediate this phenomenon.Recently,emerging evidence strongly suggests that epigenetic modifications may account for the molecular and phenotypic changes associated with hyperglycemic memory.In this review,we presented an overview on the discovery of metabolic memory,the recent progress in its molecular mechanisms,and the future implications related to its fundamental research and clinical application.展开更多
文摘Glucose homeostasis deficiency leads to a chronic increase in blood glucose concentration. In contrast to physiological glucose concentration, chronic super-physiological glucose concentration negatively affects a large number of organs and tissues. Glucose toxicity means a decrease in insulin secretion and an increase in insulin resistance due to chronic hyperglycemia. It is now generally accepted that glucose toxicity is involved in the worsening of diabetes by affecting the secretion of B-cells. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain the adverse effects of hyperglycemia. It was found that persistent hyperglycemia caused the functional decline of neutrophils. Infection is thus the main problem resulting from glucose toxicity in the acute phase. In other words, continued hyperglycemia is a life-threatening risk factor, not only in the chronic but also the acute phase, and it becomes a risk factor for infection, particularly in the perioperative period.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(91339103)
文摘In the past decades,a persistent progression of diabetic vascular complications despite reversal of hyperglycemia has been observed in both experimental and clinical studies.This durable effect of prior hyperglycemia on the initiation and progression of diabetic vasculopathies was defined as"metabolic memory".Subsequently,enhanced glycation of cellular proteins and lipids,sustained oxidative stress,and prolonged inflammation were demonstrated to mediate this phenomenon.Recently,emerging evidence strongly suggests that epigenetic modifications may account for the molecular and phenotypic changes associated with hyperglycemic memory.In this review,we presented an overview on the discovery of metabolic memory,the recent progress in its molecular mechanisms,and the future implications related to its fundamental research and clinical application.
