2016年车市怎样走? 用差异化倒逼供应端创新有效需求

2015年汽车市场,7、8月跌至冰点,随后跌幅收窄,逐月爬升,11月升至近20%,前11月累计增幅低增3.34%。再过几天,年度车市就要收官,预计年度汽车销量定格在2425万辆左右。2016年是中国"十三五"开局之年,也是中国经济进入深度调整和转型的关键之年。这年汽车市场将会怎样运行?习近平总书记已经十分清晰地指明:发展新能源汽车是我国从汽车大国迈向汽车强国的必由之路。中共中央制定的《第十三个五年规划的建议》中提出,生产方式和生活方式"

Simulation and optimization for airdrop adaptability of overweight equipment

Airbag buffer process was analyzed with the aid of aerodynamic and thermodynamic methods.Based on the current structure of the airbag,the terminal velocity was too high.Therefore,the research on the diameter and height of the airbag was done and the feasible design area was found.With the optimized structure parameters,the airbag buffer experiment under normal conditions was conducted.Furthermore,the residual height and internal pressure of the airbag as well as the terminal velocity and acceleration of the airdrop were obtained.The experiment results show that the optimized airbag is feasible for 20 t cargo airdrop.

对于物理竞赛中电阻Y-Δ等效变换的推导及规律总结

电阻的Y形联结是指三个电阻的一端联结在一个公共节点上,而另一端分别与外电路的三个不同的节点相连,又称星形联结,如图1所示;电阻的Δ形联结是指将三个电阻首尾相连,形成一个三角形,三角形的三个顶点与外电路的三个节点相连,就构成（delta）联结,又称三角形联结,如图2所示。利用电阻Y-Δ等效变换可以达到简化电路的目的,提高竞赛解题效率,为了增强学生对于等效变换的理解,现进行简单的推导。

教师在他心中

教师在他心中王金华，黄兆林，王俊文年终岁尾，人们经常看到一位４０多岁的中年人出现在偏僻的乡村中、小学仔细地查看着每一幢校舍，并向教师们问寒问暖。教师们感动地说：每当逢年过节，或者困难的时候，他总是首先想到我们，帮助我们解决实际困难。他就是江苏省响水县...

德国成功用纳米反应器生产汽油

瑞士鲍尔-希尔内（Paul Scherrer）研究所和苏黎世联邦理工大学（ETH）在德国早先技术的基础上,在实验室成功研制一种微型化学反应器,用这种反应器未来人们能更环保和更经济地生产汽油和柴油。反应器由仅仅几个纳米大小的沸石晶体构成,研究人员改变晶体结构,经过两个步骤就能生产出燃料。

Stress verification of a TLP under extreme wave environment

Stress response of a tension leg platform （TLP） in extreme environments was investigated in this paper. A location on one of the gussets was selected as the object point, where directional stresses were numerically simulated and also experimentally verified by a strain gage. Environmental loading and the platform＇s structural strength were analyzed in accordance with industrial standards, utilizing linear wave theory and the finite element method （FEM）. The fast Fourier transform technique was used to calculate the stress response amplitude operators （RAO） from the records of measurements. A comparison was performed between the stress RAO of the numerical simulation and that of the actual measurements. The results indicated that the stress RAO of the numerical simulation fitted well with measured data at specified wave headings with different periods.

储蓄联网的线路维护

储蓄联网的线路维护工商银行厦门市分行计算中心张进兵我行储蓄通存通兑联网是于１９９１年９月份开通的，采用集中分布式的网络结构，数据分布在各个储蓄所，而通讯控制则集中在中心机房。如图所示。中心机房采用紫金３８６，各储蓄所，有用３８６的，亦有２８６。调制解...

装载机液力油温度表显示异常的原因及改进措施

液力传动油温度过高,会造成装载机工作无力、液力传动油氧化、润滑功能降低,从而导致变速器轴承及齿轮的非正常磨损。因此,装载机在作业过程中,液力传动油温度表指示的准确与否非常重要。本文对装载机液力传动油温度表显示异常的原因进行分析,并提出改进措施。1.故障现象1台新设计的装载机进行性能试验,在行驶、作业30min后。

Dynamic Analysis Method of Offshore Jack-up Platforms in Regular and Random Waves

A jack-up platform, with its particular structure, showed obvious dynamic characteristics under complex environmental loads in extreme conditions. In this paper, taking a simplified 3-D finite element dynamic model in extreme storm conditions as research object, a transient dynamic analysis method was proposed, which was under both regular and irregular wave loads. The steps of dynamic analysis under extreme conditions were illustrated with an applied case, and the dynamic amplification factor （DAF） was calculated for each response parameter of base shear, overturning moment and hull sway. Finally, the structural response results of dynamic and static were compared and analyzed. The results indicated that the static strength analysis of the Jack-up Platforms was not enough under the dynamic loads including wave and current, further dynamic response analysis considering both computational efficiency and accuracy was necessary.

Single neuron network PI control of high reliability linear induction motor for Maglev

The paper deals with a new model of linear induction motor (LIM) to improve the reliability of the system. Based on the normal equation circuit of LIM considering the dynamic end effect, an equivalent circuit model with compensation of large end effect is constructed when the end effect force at synchronism is of braking character. The equivalent circuit model is used for secondary-flux oriented control of LIM. Single neuron network PI unit for LIM servo-drive is also discussed. The effectiveness of mathematical model for drive control is verified by simulations.

Terminal Effect of Drop Coalescence on Single Drop Mass Transfer Measurements and Its Minimization

For the mass transfer to single drops during the stage of steady buoyancy-driven motion, experimental measurement is complicated with the terminal effect of additional mass transfer during drop formation and coalescence at the drop collector. Analysis reveals that consistent operating conditions and experimental procedure are of critical significance for minimizing the terminal effect of drop coalescence on the accuracy of mass transfer measurements. The novel design of a totally-closed extraction column is proposed for this purpose, which guarantees that the volumetric rate of drop phase injection is exactly equal to that of withdrawal of drops. Tests in two extraction systems demonstrate that the experimental repeatability is improved greatly and the terminal effect of mass transfer during drop coalescence is brought well under control.

Cu(Ⅰ)-catalyzed cascade reaction of N-tosylhydrazones with 3-butyn-1-ol:A new synthesis of tetrahydrofurans

The Cu(I)‐catalyzed cascade coupling/cyclization reaction of N‐tosylhydrazones with 3‐butyn‐1‐ol has been explored. This new strategy represents a simple platform for the synthesis of tetrahydrofurans in moderate to good yields.

Two-Phased Method for Detecting Evasive Network Attack Channels

With the rapid developments of information technology,various industries become much more dependent on networks.Driven by economic interests and the game between countries reflected by growing cyberspace confrontations,evasive network attacks on information infrastructures with high-tech,high concealment and longterm sustainability become severe threats to national security.In this paper,we propose a novel two-phased method for the detection of evasive network attacks which exploit or pretend to be common legal encryption services in order to escape security inspection.Malicious communications which camouflage themselves as legal encryption application are identified in the SSL'session structure verification phase firstly,and then by serverside X.509 certificate based anomaly detection,suspicious attack behaviors are further distinguished effectively.Experiment results show that our method is very useful for detecting the network activities of certain unknown threats or new malwares.Besides,the proposed method can be applied to other similar services easily.

A Tri-Port MIMO Antenna Designed for Micro/Pico Cell Applications with Self-Decoupled Structure

A tri-port MIMO antenna designed for Micro/Pico-Cell application is proposed.It is based on printed elements with X-shaped arms,which are oriented to 0°,120° and240° in the azimuth plane.The arms of these elements are connected,with which a selfdecoupled structure is formed.The mutual coupling between adjacent elements is below-15 dB.Meanwhile,it size is compact and bidirectional radiation patterns with around 4dBi Gain and 92° 3dB beam width is achieved,which can provide good pattern diversity and full azimuth coverage in real applications.

Analysis and formulation of spur gear stresses with different tip modifications

Spur gears are widely used in the power transmission mechanism of several machines.Due to the transmitted torque,spur gears experience high stresses which could cause gear tooth failure by surface pitting or root fracture.Tip relief and other gear profile modification have been considered for reducing the induced stresses in the gear tooth.In this work,the influence of tip relief on stresses on a pair of identical spur gear was analyzed using commercial FEA software ANSYS,and formulae for estimating contact and bending stresses were derived.Three cases of gear sets were analyzed;a non-modified pair and another two sets with linear and parabolic tip relief profiles.The non-modified gear set frictionless contact stress was validated against the calculated AGMA pitting resistance,Hertzian contact stress and a reported contact stress value in the literature.The four methods agreed well with each other.Similarly,bending stress was also compared with the AGMA bending strength and Lewis bending stress for validation.Then,friction coefficient was varied from 0.0 to 0.3 with increment of 0.1.The gear contact stress increased up to 11%relative to the frictionless case,whereas bending stress decreased by 6%.Linear tip relief modification was carried out for increasing normalised tip relief values of 0.25 to 1.0 with increment of 0.25.The gear frictionless contact and bending stresses decreased by a maximum of 4%and 2%,respectively.Frictional contact stress increased by up to 7.1%and the bending stress is almost identical with the frictionless case.Parabolic tip relief was also carried out with similar normalised tip relief values.Frictionless contact stress decreased by 5%while frictional contact stress increased by up to 11.5%and the bending stress is also almost identical with the frictionless case.Finally,four formulae were introduced for estimating the contact and bending stresses for a tip modified spur gear.

Stress Analysis of the Subsea Dynamic Riser BaseProcess Piping

Thesubsea dynamic riser base （SDRB） is an important piece of equipment for the floating production platform mooring system.One end is connected to the rigid pipeline, carrying a rigid pipeline thermal expansion load and the other end is connected to a flexible riser, carrying the dynamic load of the flexible riser, so its function is a transition connection between the flexible riser and the rigid pipeline which fixes the flexible riser on the seabed. On the other hand. as a typical subsea product, the design will satisfythe requirements of the standards for subsea products. By studying the stress analysisphilosophy of the topside piping and subsea pipeline, a physical model and procedure for piping stress analysis of the SDRB have been established.The conditions of the adverse design load have been considered, and a combination of the static load from the rigid pipeline and the dynamic load flexibility has also been optimized. And a comparative analysis between the AMSE, DNV and API standards for piping stress with the checking rules has been done.Because theSDRB belongs to the subsea pipeline terminal product, the use of DNV standards to check its process piping stress is recommended. Finally, the process piping stress of the SDRB has been calculated, and the results show that the jacket pipe and the carrier pipe stress of the SDRB process piping satisfy the DNV standards as a whole.The bulkhead cannot be accurately simulated by the AutoPIPE software which uses the FEA software ANSYS inthe detailed analysis, but the checking results will still meet the requirements of the DNV standards.

A method for constraining the end effect of EMD based on sequential similarity detection and adaptive filter

Aimed at the problem of the end effect when using empirical mode decomposition(EMD),a method for constraining the end effect of EMD is proposed based on sequential similarity detection and adaptive filter.The method divides the signal into many wavelets,and it changes the initial wavelet length to select the best initial wavelet that has the minimum error and maximum number of matching seed wavelets,and the wavelet slopes are used for pre-matching and secondary matching to speed up the matching speed.Then,folded self-adaptive threshold is used to select multiple seed wavelets,and finally the end waveform is predicted and expanded according to the adaptive filter method.The proposed method is used to analyze the non-stationary nonlinear simulation signal and experimental signal,and it is compared with the mirror extension and RBF extension methods.The orthogonality index and similarity index of the EMD results of the extended signal after the proposed method are better than those of the other methods.The results show that the proposed method can better constrain the end effect,and has certain validity,accuracy and stability in solving the end effect problem.

Stomatal Conductance, Growth and Yield of Pelargonium sidoides DC. in Response to Watering Frequency and Terminal Water Stress

Water is an important factor affecting growth, yield and distribution of different species. Plant response to water deficit can be in the form of physiological disorders, such as reduction in transpiration or assimilating partitioning to root growth. Sustainable use of water has become a priority in agriculture and thus innovative irrigation management practices are critical. The study aimed at investigating how watering frequency and terminal water stress influence growth of Pelargonium sidoides, an important medicinal plant in Southern Africa. The trial was a randomized complete block design with three replicates, and treatment factors were watering frequency （everyday, twice and once a week） and terminal water stress （no watering four weeks before harvesting, no watering two weeks before harvesting and no terminal stress）. There was an interacting effect of watering frequency and terminal water stress on biomass and fresh root yield. More frequent watering resulted in significantly higher biomass and fresh root yield, compared to other treatments. Watering everyday with terminal or no terminal water stress resulted in higher fresh root yield, compared to other watering treatments with terminal water stress. Plant height and leaf area were significantly affected by watering frequency and terminal water stress, respectively. A significant drop in stomatal conductance of plants watered everyday was observed 240 d after treatment implementation, such that there was no significant difference across all the three watering frequency treatments. In conclusion, farmers can save on irrigation costs by reducing watering frequency, as there was no significant difference on dry root yield.

Remote-Controlled Ambidextrous Robot Hand Concept

In the development of robotic limbs, the side of members is of importance to define the shape of artificial limbs and the range of movements. It is mainly significant tbr biomedical applications concerning patients suffering arms or legs injuries, fn this paper, the concept of an ambidextrous design lbr robot hands is introduced. The fingers can curl in one xvay or another, to imitate either a right hand or a left hand. The advantages and inconveniences of different models have been investigated to optimise the range and the maximum force applied by fingers. Besides, a remote control interthce is integrated to the system, allowing both to send comrnands through internet and to display a video streaming of the ambidextrous hand as feedback. Therefore, a robotic prosthesis could be used for the first time in telerehabilitation. The main application areas targeted are physiotherapy alter strokes or management of phantom pains/br amputees by/earning to control the ambidextrous hand. A client application is also accessible on Facehook social network, making the robotic limb easily reachable for the patients. Additionally the ambidextrous hand can be used tbr robotics research as well as artistic performances.