Given is the experiment results in which the laser pulses of 1 046 nm and 532 nm are used to trigger the semi-insulation GaAs photoconductive semiconductor switch(PCSS) with an electrode distance of 4 mm. And made is ...Given is the experiment results in which the laser pulses of 1 046 nm and 532 nm are used to trigger the semi-insulation GaAs photoconductive semiconductor switch(PCSS) with an electrode distance of 4 mm. And made is an analysis of the switchs photovoltaic response characteristics under the high gain mode when the biased field is bigger than the Geng effect field. Also a theory is presented that the main reason for the photovoltaic pulse response delay is the transmission of charge domain, caused by the presence of EL2 energy level in the chip material. Finally, the transmission time of charge domain is calculated and a result that inosculates with the experiment is attained.展开更多
An 8-lump kinetic model was proposed to predict the yields of propylene, ethylene and gasoline in the catalytic pyrolysis process of Daqing atmospheric residue. The model contains 21 kinetic parameters and one for cat...An 8-lump kinetic model was proposed to predict the yields of propylene, ethylene and gasoline in the catalytic pyrolysis process of Daqing atmospheric residue. The model contains 21 kinetic parameters and one for catalyst deactivation. A series of experiments were carded out in a riser reactor over catalyst named LTB-2. The ki- netic parameters were estimated by using sub-model method, and apparent activation energies were calculated according to the Arrhenius equation： The predicted yields coincided well with the experimental values. It shows that the kinetic parameters estimated by using the sub-model method were reliable.展开更多
Our primary purpose of this work is to explicitly construct the general multiparite Einstein-Podolsky- Rosen （EPR） entangled state in multi-mode Fock space for a system with different masses of particles, which make...Our primary purpose of this work is to explicitly construct the general multiparite Einstein-Podolsky- Rosen （EPR） entangled state in multi-mode Fock space for a system with different masses of particles, which makes up a new quantum mechanical representation owing to completeness relation and orthogonal property. Its entanglement can be seen more clearly by analyzing its standard Schmidt decomposition. In addition, some applications of the multipartite entanglement are proposed including deriving the generalized Wigner operator and squeezing operator.展开更多
As a new type of structure which has never been built, submerged floating tunnel was studied mainly by numerical simulations. To further study the seismic response of a submerged floating tunnel, the first model exper...As a new type of structure which has never been built, submerged floating tunnel was studied mainly by numerical simulations. To further study the seismic response of a submerged floating tunnel, the first model experiment of submerged floating tunnel （SFT） under the earthquake was carried out on the unique underwater shaking table in China. The experimental results show that vertical excitation induces larger response than horizontal and different inclination degrees of the tether also cause different seismic responses. Subsequently, based on the fluid-structure interaction theory, the corresponding numerical model is established. And comparing the numerical results with the experimental results, those of shaking table test. Numerical model adopted is effective for it is shown that the numerical results are basically identical with dynamic response of SFT.展开更多
In order to solve the non-linear and high-dimensional optimization problems more effectively, an improved self-adaptive membrane computing(ISMC) optimization algorithm was proposed. The proposed ISMC algorithm applied...In order to solve the non-linear and high-dimensional optimization problems more effectively, an improved self-adaptive membrane computing(ISMC) optimization algorithm was proposed. The proposed ISMC algorithm applied improved self-adaptive crossover and mutation formulae that can provide appropriate crossover operator and mutation operator based on different functions of the objects and the number of iterations. The performance of ISMC was tested by the benchmark functions. The simulation results for residue hydrogenating kinetics model parameter estimation show that the proposed method is superior to the traditional intelligent algorithms in terms of convergence accuracy and stability in solving the complex parameter optimization problems.展开更多
Surplus-production models are widely used in fish stock assessment and fisheries management due to their simplicity and lower data demands than age-structured models such as Virtual Population Analysis. The CEDA (catc...Surplus-production models are widely used in fish stock assessment and fisheries management due to their simplicity and lower data demands than age-structured models such as Virtual Population Analysis. The CEDA (catch-effort data analysis) and ASPIC (a surplus-production model incorporating covariates) computer packages are data-fitting or parameter estimation tools that have been developed to analyze catch-and-effort data using non-equilibrium surplus production models. We applied CEDA and ASPIC to the hairtail (Trichiurus japonicus) fishery in the East China Sea. Both packages produced robust results and yielded similar estimates. In CEDA, the Schaefer surplus production model with log-normal error assumption produced results close to those of ASPIC. CEDA is sensitive to the choice of initial proportion, while ASPIC is not. However, CEDA produced higher R 2 values than ASPIC.展开更多
This paper investigates the scaled prediction variances in the errors-in-variables model and compares the performance with those in classic model of response surface designs for three factors.The ordinary least square...This paper investigates the scaled prediction variances in the errors-in-variables model and compares the performance with those in classic model of response surface designs for three factors.The ordinary least squares estimators of regression coefficients are derived from a second-order response surface model with errors in variables.Three performance criteria are proposed.The first is the difference between the empirical mean of maximum value of scaled prediction variance with errors and the maximum value of scaled prediction variance without errors.The second is the mean squared deviation from the mean of simulated maximum scaled prediction variance with errors.The last performance measure is the mean squared scaled prediction variance change with and without errors.In the simulations,1 000 random samples were performed following three factors with 20 experimental runs for central composite designs and 15 for Box-Behnken design.The independent variables are coded variables in these designs.Comparative results show that for the low level errors in variables,central composite face-centered design is optimal;otherwise,Box-Behnken design has a relatively better performance.展开更多
For further understanding of self-heating of coal, we tested the reactions of seven different ranks of coal under inert atmosphere. In the test, 50-gram of coal sample ranged from 0.18 mm to 0.38 mm was put into a spe...For further understanding of self-heating of coal, we tested the reactions of seven different ranks of coal under inert atmosphere. In the test, 50-gram of coal sample ranged from 0.18 mm to 0.38 mm was put into a special designed copper reaction vessel and let pure nitrogen to flow into the coal sample from the bottom at a rate of 100 mL/min. The programmed temperature enclosure was run at a programmed rate of 0.8 ~C/min. The concentration of the carbon oxides and the coal temperature were tested. The results show that the coal reactions under inert atmosphere can generate CO and C02. The reactions under inert atmosphere are affected by coal ranks, initial pore structure of coal and sulfur content. For low ranks of coal, the productions of carbon oxides are piecewise. The coal temperature is lower than the surrounding temperature throughout the reactions under inert atmosphere, but it rises quickly and reaches a crossing point temperature in the later stage under dry-air atmosphere. Based on the analysis, it indicates the self-reaction of initial active groups exists in the self-heating of coal besides the reactions in the two parallel reactions model. Spontaneous combustion of coal is due to both the oxidation heat accumulation and the chain reaction. A new reaction model of self-heating of coal was orooosed.展开更多
Give constrains of costs and technology in analysis,actual practice of 2D FEM is widely popular and demanded.In order to take advantage of 2D FEM to simulate 3D stress state,the concept of stress releasing ratio was g...Give constrains of costs and technology in analysis,actual practice of 2D FEM is widely popular and demanded.In order to take advantage of 2D FEM to simulate 3D stress state,the concept of stress releasing ratio was generally introduced to represent the 3D constraint effect.For example,the simulation analysis of tunnel excavation is based on the measured actual deformation to provide stress releasing ratio.In the engi- neering of open excavation,the construction is,most of the case,targeted on alluvial de- posit with relatively soft stratum.However,the 2D FEM simulation lacks a clear and ra- tional basis in how to represent the effects of 3D constraint.Thus,in order to investigate the problem above,the author analyzed same engineering using both 2D and 3D individu- ally,and compared the corresponding results.Based on the 3D analysis,factors including the relationship between the model's scope,stress releasing ratio,and construction condi- tion of 2D analysis were also examined.展开更多
文摘Given is the experiment results in which the laser pulses of 1 046 nm and 532 nm are used to trigger the semi-insulation GaAs photoconductive semiconductor switch(PCSS) with an electrode distance of 4 mm. And made is an analysis of the switchs photovoltaic response characteristics under the high gain mode when the biased field is bigger than the Geng effect field. Also a theory is presented that the main reason for the photovoltaic pulse response delay is the transmission of charge domain, caused by the presence of EL2 energy level in the chip material. Finally, the transmission time of charge domain is calculated and a result that inosculates with the experiment is attained.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （20490200）, Ministry of Education of the People＇s Republic of China （NCET-04-0109） and Department of Science ＆ Technology of Shandong Province （2006ZZ08）.
文摘An 8-lump kinetic model was proposed to predict the yields of propylene, ethylene and gasoline in the catalytic pyrolysis process of Daqing atmospheric residue. The model contains 21 kinetic parameters and one for catalyst deactivation. A series of experiments were carded out in a riser reactor over catalyst named LTB-2. The ki- netic parameters were estimated by using sub-model method, and apparent activation energies were calculated according to the Arrhenius equation： The predicted yields coincided well with the experimental values. It shows that the kinetic parameters estimated by using the sub-model method were reliable.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.10675108the Natural Science Foundation of the Education Department of Anhui Province under Grant No.KJ2007B377ZCthe Young University Teachers' Fund of Anhui Province under Grant No.2007jql155
文摘Our primary purpose of this work is to explicitly construct the general multiparite Einstein-Podolsky- Rosen （EPR） entangled state in multi-mode Fock space for a system with different masses of particles, which makes up a new quantum mechanical representation owing to completeness relation and orthogonal property. Its entanglement can be seen more clearly by analyzing its standard Schmidt decomposition. In addition, some applications of the multipartite entanglement are proposed including deriving the generalized Wigner operator and squeezing operator.
基金Projects(51108224,51179026) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘As a new type of structure which has never been built, submerged floating tunnel was studied mainly by numerical simulations. To further study the seismic response of a submerged floating tunnel, the first model experiment of submerged floating tunnel （SFT） under the earthquake was carried out on the unique underwater shaking table in China. The experimental results show that vertical excitation induces larger response than horizontal and different inclination degrees of the tether also cause different seismic responses. Subsequently, based on the fluid-structure interaction theory, the corresponding numerical model is established. And comparing the numerical results with the experimental results, those of shaking table test. Numerical model adopted is effective for it is shown that the numerical results are basically identical with dynamic response of SFT.
基金Projects(61203020,61403190)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(BK20141461)supported by the Jiangsu Province Natural Science Foundation,China
文摘In order to solve the non-linear and high-dimensional optimization problems more effectively, an improved self-adaptive membrane computing(ISMC) optimization algorithm was proposed. The proposed ISMC algorithm applied improved self-adaptive crossover and mutation formulae that can provide appropriate crossover operator and mutation operator based on different functions of the objects and the number of iterations. The performance of ISMC was tested by the benchmark functions. The simulation results for residue hydrogenating kinetics model parameter estimation show that the proposed method is superior to the traditional intelligent algorithms in terms of convergence accuracy and stability in solving the complex parameter optimization problems.
基金Supported by the Special Research Fund of Ocean University of China(No. 201022001)
文摘Surplus-production models are widely used in fish stock assessment and fisheries management due to their simplicity and lower data demands than age-structured models such as Virtual Population Analysis. The CEDA (catch-effort data analysis) and ASPIC (a surplus-production model incorporating covariates) computer packages are data-fitting or parameter estimation tools that have been developed to analyze catch-and-effort data using non-equilibrium surplus production models. We applied CEDA and ASPIC to the hairtail (Trichiurus japonicus) fishery in the East China Sea. Both packages produced robust results and yielded similar estimates. In CEDA, the Schaefer surplus production model with log-normal error assumption produced results close to those of ASPIC. CEDA is sensitive to the choice of initial proportion, while ASPIC is not. However, CEDA produced higher R 2 values than ASPIC.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.70871087 and No.70931004)
文摘This paper investigates the scaled prediction variances in the errors-in-variables model and compares the performance with those in classic model of response surface designs for three factors.The ordinary least squares estimators of regression coefficients are derived from a second-order response surface model with errors in variables.Three performance criteria are proposed.The first is the difference between the empirical mean of maximum value of scaled prediction variance with errors and the maximum value of scaled prediction variance without errors.The second is the mean squared deviation from the mean of simulated maximum scaled prediction variance with errors.The last performance measure is the mean squared scaled prediction variance change with and without errors.In the simulations,1 000 random samples were performed following three factors with 20 experimental runs for central composite designs and 15 for Box-Behnken design.The independent variables are coded variables in these designs.Comparative results show that for the low level errors in variables,central composite face-centered design is optimal;otherwise,Box-Behnken design has a relatively better performance.
基金Financial supports for this research provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50927403)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.2011RC06)the Jiangsu Natural Science Foundation (No.BK2009004)
文摘For further understanding of self-heating of coal, we tested the reactions of seven different ranks of coal under inert atmosphere. In the test, 50-gram of coal sample ranged from 0.18 mm to 0.38 mm was put into a special designed copper reaction vessel and let pure nitrogen to flow into the coal sample from the bottom at a rate of 100 mL/min. The programmed temperature enclosure was run at a programmed rate of 0.8 ~C/min. The concentration of the carbon oxides and the coal temperature were tested. The results show that the coal reactions under inert atmosphere can generate CO and C02. The reactions under inert atmosphere are affected by coal ranks, initial pore structure of coal and sulfur content. For low ranks of coal, the productions of carbon oxides are piecewise. The coal temperature is lower than the surrounding temperature throughout the reactions under inert atmosphere, but it rises quickly and reaches a crossing point temperature in the later stage under dry-air atmosphere. Based on the analysis, it indicates the self-reaction of initial active groups exists in the self-heating of coal besides the reactions in the two parallel reactions model. Spontaneous combustion of coal is due to both the oxidation heat accumulation and the chain reaction. A new reaction model of self-heating of coal was orooosed.
文摘Give constrains of costs and technology in analysis,actual practice of 2D FEM is widely popular and demanded.In order to take advantage of 2D FEM to simulate 3D stress state,the concept of stress releasing ratio was generally introduced to represent the 3D constraint effect.For example,the simulation analysis of tunnel excavation is based on the measured actual deformation to provide stress releasing ratio.In the engi- neering of open excavation,the construction is,most of the case,targeted on alluvial de- posit with relatively soft stratum.However,the 2D FEM simulation lacks a clear and ra- tional basis in how to represent the effects of 3D constraint.Thus,in order to investigate the problem above,the author analyzed same engineering using both 2D and 3D individu- ally,and compared the corresponding results.Based on the 3D analysis,factors including the relationship between the model's scope,stress releasing ratio,and construction condi- tion of 2D analysis were also examined.
