废弃矿渣粉填充EPDM泡沫型复合材料的制备及其吸油特性

以三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)作为基体,金矿提纯后的废弃矿渣粉作为填料,利用熔融共混及模压发泡的方法,制备出一种泡沫型吸油复合材料。可以将这类材料直接漂浮于含油废水表面使用。研究了填料和发泡剂(AC)的用量对复合材料吸油率的影响,并讨论了复合材料的保油率。得出填料含量为10 phr(每百克份数),AC含量为4 phr是复合材料的最佳配比。对比不同复合材料的吸油速率,结果表明:非泡沫型复合材料的吸油率比交联EPDM的吸油率提高了101.46%;泡沫型复合材料比非泡沫型复合材料的吸油率再次提高389.82%。分析了在温度、pH值等条件改变时泡沫型复合材料吸油率的变化,并从EPDM自身结构、交联剂DCP及废弃矿渣粉的添加等方面对复合材料的吸油机理进行了分析。

泡沫型吸油复合材料的制备及其吸油性

为解决污水中的油类污染问题,采用环保无毒的三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)作为基体,金矿提纯后的废弃矿渣粉作为填料,利用熔融共混及模压发泡的方法,制备出一种低价、高效的泡沫型吸油复合材料(废弃矿渣粉/EPDM).研究了填料、交联剂(DCP)和发泡剂(AC)的用量对复合材料吸油率的影响,讨论了相应复合材料的保油率,并从EPDM自身结构、交联剂DCP及废弃矿渣粉的添加量等方面对复合材料的吸油机理进行了分析.实验结果表明:废弃矿渣粉含量为10phr,DCP含量为2phr,AC含量为4phr是复合材料的最佳配比.非泡沫型复合材料的吸油率比交联EPDM的吸油率提高了101.46%;泡沫型复合材料比非泡沫型复合材料的吸油率再次提高389.82%.

Ash-and-Slag Wastes of Energy Sector as Raw Material for Production of Rare-Earth Metals and Alumina

The results to develop a complex technology of co-extraction of germanium and gallium from the ash-and-slag wastes of coal combustion in Ukraine were presented. Based on the study of phase changes occurring in initial raw materials as a result of its processing, it was proposed to carry out a preliminary enrichment of the raw materials in order to produce secondary sublimates. Their further processing involves a combination of leaching soluble material with distillation of germanium in the form of tetrachloride. The resulting acidic solutions are trended to the gallium extraction. Optimum conditions of carrying out of processes are recommended.The chemical and phase composition of the resulting dump products and solutions have been defined. On the basis of it ways of their processing for the purpose of reception of alumina and building materials are recommended.