延迟退休背景下自雇型就业的健康效应与作用机制分析——来自CHARLS中老年劳动者的经验证据

目的:自雇型就业是未来中老年劳动力的主要就业方式,研究自雇型中老年劳动者的健康效应对延迟退休政策颁布和实施极具现实意义。方法:利用中国健康与养老调查数据,基于中介效应模型系统考察自雇型就业对于中老年劳动者健康影响效应以及作用机制。结论:受雇相对于自雇而言存在“健康庇护”现象,社会经济变量在中老年自雇型就业者健康影响渠道中发挥绝对性作用,睡眠时间、社交活动以及个人收入对身体功能障碍水平有显著性影响,尤其是对高龄和农业领域的中老年劳动者影响更为显著。建议:未来着力点在于完善个人健康行为、构建积极的老龄就业法律、公共服务体系和社会保障体系以及通过第三方健康支持保证群体身体健康,以期延迟中国人口红利消失速度,提升渐进式延迟法定退休年龄政策实施效果。

The Research of actual Effect of Delay Retirement on Youth Employment

Since China＇s reform and opening up, the life expectancy of the population has prolonged. As a result, the trend of population aging is becoming increasingly serious. The time was pushed back when young workers entered the labor market, while the phenomenon was common that the elderly who should have retired were still engaged in working. Therefore, the retirement age shall be subjected to an imperative delay. In the third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, the central government proposed the ＂formulation of gradual delay retirement scheme ＂, which triggered a widespread concern among all sectors in the society. Support and opposition to delay of retirement focus on the impact made by extension of retirement age on the employment. The youth employment, however, is still the issue of social concemThis paper makes a systematic study on the controversy of the relevant scholars, and makes a detailed investigation of the reasons behind the various viewpoints, which is beneficial to the judgment of the rationality between the two parties of the dispute, and then seeks the solution to the problem.

Delay retirement impact study of female workers

In recent years,our country entered the stage of population aging, and this trend continues to increase. Young population declining dependency ratios and the elderly support ratio is growing.Many phenomena are heralds the retirement policy must introduce.At the same time, the adjustment of the legal retirement age for women, is also a concern hot spot and a topic of heated academia discussion in politics. As the extension of life expectancy, especially women to longer life expectancy and the education of the extension of women＇s status, ability to work has been greatly improved. Based on the change of various factors, delay retirement age for women in China＇s reform is imperative. This paper studies from the perspective of social justice, to the reform of the current situation of the development in our country and foreign experience to research the method of combining the draw delay retirement outstanding aspects of influence on female workers. From a personal health, family factors, career, personal value Suggestions such as, in order to Perfect delay enterprise female worker retirement age policy scheme and implement supporting measures.

Delay retirement international comparison and reference

Delayed retirement is the current policy trend, but how to reduce the resistance of policy implementation, to ensure the smooth implementation of the policy, the government needs to consider the next issue. A few years or even ten years ago, some western countries are also facing the problem of aging population .In this paper, by referring to the experience of other countries, taking into account the situation of our country, the paper puts forward the following countermeasures and suggestions in the context of progressive retirement policy：. First, strengthen the incentive mechanism, so that workers gradually tend to work for a period of time; two, strengthen the pension insurance to pay more than the incentive oriented, which can delay the retirement pension in the appropriate level to be compensated, the development of the three pillar of the social endowment insurance system; three, standard retirement re employment policy.