To investigate whether changes of amino acid neurotransmitter releases in the rostral ventrolateral medulla （rVLM） were related to acupuncture and to the antihypertensive effect of melatonin （Mel） microinjected in...To investigate whether changes of amino acid neurotransmitter releases in the rostral ventrolateral medulla （rVLM） were related to acupuncture and to the antihypertensive effect of melatonin （Mel） microinjected into the anterior hypothalamic area （AHA） of rats with stress-induced hypertension （SIH）, as well as to compare and analyze the relationship between the both antihypertensive mechanisms of acupuncture and of Mel in the AHA. Methods： Animal model of SIHR was made by electric foot shocks combined with noises. Electroacupuncture （EA） was used and “Zusanli” acupoint of both side was selected. The technique of drug microinjection into the brain was used to observe the change of blood pressure （BP）, and synchronously, brain microdialysis was performed for collecting dialysate samples, and then the concentration of amino acid neurotransmitters in the dialysate samples was determined by high performance liquid chromatography combined with fluorescent detection （HPLC-FD）. Results： After the animal received stress treatment, the BP elevated, synchronously, the release of glutamate （Glu） in the rVLM increased, and when EA was performed, the elevated BP of the rats with SIH decreased, simultaneously, the release of Glu in the rVLM decreased also. After Mel was microinjected of into the AHA of the SIHR, the elevated BP attenuated, meanwhile, the release of Glu decreased, and those of γ-aminobutyric acid （GABA） and taurine （Tau） increased in the rVLM.Administration of bicuculline, an antagonist of GABAA receptor, into the rVLMprior to microinjection of Mel imo the AHA could partially block the depressor effect of Mel in the AHA. Conclusion： The decrease in the release of Glu in the rVLM contributes to the antihypertensive effect of both acupuncture and Mel in the AHA in the rats with SIH, and the increase in the release of GABA and Tau in the rVLM is also im0ortam to Mel in the AHA.展开更多
The brainstem is a major site in the central nervous system involved in the processing of the cardiovascular reflexes such as the baroreflex and the peripheral chemoreflex. The nucleus tractus solitarius and the rostr...The brainstem is a major site in the central nervous system involved in the processing of the cardiovascular reflexes such as the baroreflex and the peripheral chemoreflex. The nucleus tractus solitarius and the rostral ventrolateral medulla are 2 important brainstem nuclei, and they play pivotal roles in autonomic cardiovascular regulation. Angiotensin II is one of the neurotransmitters involved in the processing of the known that one of the mechanisms by which angiotensin II exerts cardiovascular reflexes within the brainstem. It is well- its effect is via the activation of pathways that generate reactive oxygen species （ROS）. In the central nervous system, ROS are reported to be involved in several pathological dis- eases such as hypertension, heart failure and sleep apnea. However, little is known about the role of ROS in the processing of the cardiovascular reflexes within the brainstem. The present review mainly discussed some recent findings documenting a role for ROS in the processing of the baroreflex and the peripheral chemoreflex in the brainstem.展开更多
Objective：To investigate the mechanism of the reversal effect of acupuncture on the fall of blood pressure induced by angiotensin （1-7）[Ang-（1 7）] in the caudal ventrolateral medulla （CVLM） of rats. Methods： A...Objective：To investigate the mechanism of the reversal effect of acupuncture on the fall of blood pressure induced by angiotensin （1-7）[Ang-（1 7）] in the caudal ventrolateral medulla （CVLM） of rats. Methods： Ang-（1-7） and its selective receptor antagonist （DAla7）, Ang（1-7） and Ang（779） were microinjected into the CVLM respectively to induce the change of blood pressure, during which, the concentrations of amino acid neurotransmitters were detected by means of microdialysis and high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）combined with fluorescent detector, on the other hand, the effects of electro-acupuncture （EA） on the level of blood pressure and the concentrations of amino acid neurotransmitters were also observed. Results： Unilateral microinjection of Ang（1 7） into the CVLM could decrease the blood pressure （BP）, which was accompanied by an increase in the release of Glu and a decrease in the release of Tau in the same site; Whereas microinjection of Ang-779 into the CVLM could elevate BP, which was accompanied by a decrease in the release of Glu and an increase in the release of Tau; EA at acupoint Zusanli （ST 36） for 20 min could inhibit the fall of blood pressure induced by microinjection of Ang-（1-7） into the CVLM and the elevation of blood pressure induced by microinjection of Ang-779 into the CVLM, and in the meantime, it could inhibit the changes of the release of Glu and Tau induced by microinjection of Ang-（1-7） and Ang-779 into the CVLM. Conclusion： The reversal effect of EA on the fall or elevation of blood pressure induced by microinjection of Ang-（1-7） or Ang-779 into the CVLM might be related to the changes of Glu and Tau release.展开更多
文摘我科自1995年3月～2000年12月行显微手术切除延髓腹侧脑膜瘤9例,效果满意,现报告如下.
一、对象与方法
1. 临床资料:本组男3例,女6例.年龄37～62岁,平均49.6岁.病程3个月～6.5年,平均25个月.表现为颈部疼痛6例,肢体感觉障碍5例,肢体肌力下降或肌肉萎缩5例,肌张力增高或出现病理征7例,小脑功能障碍4例,后组颅神经麻痹3例,呼吸困难3例.均行颅颈交界区MRI检查,肿瘤最大径2.5～4.4 cm 7例,大于4.5 cm 2例;肿瘤在T1像呈等信号或稍高信号,T2像呈高信号或等信号,增强后均明显强化;肿瘤与脑干有明显分界者6例,界面欠清者3例.
文摘To investigate whether changes of amino acid neurotransmitter releases in the rostral ventrolateral medulla （rVLM） were related to acupuncture and to the antihypertensive effect of melatonin （Mel） microinjected into the anterior hypothalamic area （AHA） of rats with stress-induced hypertension （SIH）, as well as to compare and analyze the relationship between the both antihypertensive mechanisms of acupuncture and of Mel in the AHA. Methods： Animal model of SIHR was made by electric foot shocks combined with noises. Electroacupuncture （EA） was used and “Zusanli” acupoint of both side was selected. The technique of drug microinjection into the brain was used to observe the change of blood pressure （BP）, and synchronously, brain microdialysis was performed for collecting dialysate samples, and then the concentration of amino acid neurotransmitters in the dialysate samples was determined by high performance liquid chromatography combined with fluorescent detection （HPLC-FD）. Results： After the animal received stress treatment, the BP elevated, synchronously, the release of glutamate （Glu） in the rVLM increased, and when EA was performed, the elevated BP of the rats with SIH decreased, simultaneously, the release of Glu in the rVLM decreased also. After Mel was microinjected of into the AHA of the SIHR, the elevated BP attenuated, meanwhile, the release of Glu decreased, and those of γ-aminobutyric acid （GABA） and taurine （Tau） increased in the rVLM.Administration of bicuculline, an antagonist of GABAA receptor, into the rVLMprior to microinjection of Mel imo the AHA could partially block the depressor effect of Mel in the AHA. Conclusion： The decrease in the release of Glu in the rVLM contributes to the antihypertensive effect of both acupuncture and Mel in the AHA in the rats with SIH, and the increase in the release of GABA and Tau in the rVLM is also im0ortam to Mel in the AHA.
文摘The brainstem is a major site in the central nervous system involved in the processing of the cardiovascular reflexes such as the baroreflex and the peripheral chemoreflex. The nucleus tractus solitarius and the rostral ventrolateral medulla are 2 important brainstem nuclei, and they play pivotal roles in autonomic cardiovascular regulation. Angiotensin II is one of the neurotransmitters involved in the processing of the known that one of the mechanisms by which angiotensin II exerts cardiovascular reflexes within the brainstem. It is well- its effect is via the activation of pathways that generate reactive oxygen species （ROS）. In the central nervous system, ROS are reported to be involved in several pathological dis- eases such as hypertension, heart failure and sleep apnea. However, little is known about the role of ROS in the processing of the cardiovascular reflexes within the brainstem. The present review mainly discussed some recent findings documenting a role for ROS in the processing of the baroreflex and the peripheral chemoreflex in the brainstem.
基金Supported by the National Nature Science Foundation(30340071)
文摘Objective：To investigate the mechanism of the reversal effect of acupuncture on the fall of blood pressure induced by angiotensin （1-7）[Ang-（1 7）] in the caudal ventrolateral medulla （CVLM） of rats. Methods： Ang-（1-7） and its selective receptor antagonist （DAla7）, Ang（1-7） and Ang（779） were microinjected into the CVLM respectively to induce the change of blood pressure, during which, the concentrations of amino acid neurotransmitters were detected by means of microdialysis and high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）combined with fluorescent detector, on the other hand, the effects of electro-acupuncture （EA） on the level of blood pressure and the concentrations of amino acid neurotransmitters were also observed. Results： Unilateral microinjection of Ang（1 7） into the CVLM could decrease the blood pressure （BP）, which was accompanied by an increase in the release of Glu and a decrease in the release of Tau in the same site; Whereas microinjection of Ang-779 into the CVLM could elevate BP, which was accompanied by a decrease in the release of Glu and an increase in the release of Tau; EA at acupoint Zusanli （ST 36） for 20 min could inhibit the fall of blood pressure induced by microinjection of Ang-（1-7） into the CVLM and the elevation of blood pressure induced by microinjection of Ang-779 into the CVLM, and in the meantime, it could inhibit the changes of the release of Glu and Tau induced by microinjection of Ang-（1-7） and Ang-779 into the CVLM. Conclusion： The reversal effect of EA on the fall or elevation of blood pressure induced by microinjection of Ang-（1-7） or Ang-779 into the CVLM might be related to the changes of Glu and Tau release.
