Research on the path of building a good Party conduct since the reform and opening up

The construction of the good Party conduct is a great project for the Chinese Communist Party to realize its great dream and realistic pursuit. Since the reform and opening up, the four generations of the leading collectives have emphasized the focus of the construction of the Party conduct from the unique perspectives, promoted the standardization of the ＂institutional construction＂, promoted the construction of the ＂two major issues＂ to be scientific, and promoted the construction of＂anti-corruption and building a clean government＂ in detail. Since entering the new era ofXi Jinping, the new central leadership collective, on the basis of inheriting both the existing ideas and the existing achievements, puts forward the new problems of ＂four winds＂, explores the new paths, depicts the new blueprint including the ideal beliefs, the leadership power and the long effect mechanisms, and transforms them into the practical actions, to promote the construction of the new development of the Socialist Party conduct with Chinese characteristics.

Multiparty cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the Communist Party of China

China's political party system is different from two-party or multiparty systems of Western countries or one-party systems in some other countries. It is based on multiparty cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the CPC. There are at present nine political parties in China. They are, in addition to the CPC, the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang established in 1948, the Chinese Democratic League founded in 1941, the China National Democratic Construction Association founded in 1945, the China Association for Promoting Democracy established in 1945, the Chinese Peasants' and Workers' Demo- cratic Party established in 1930, the China Zhi Gong Party founded in 1925, the Jiu San Society established in 1945 and the Taiwan Democratie Self-Government League established in 1947.

元祐诉理、绍符复审及符崇反复

作为“元祐更化”的一个组成部分,高太后垂帘听政时期,曾搞过一次冤案诉理,为此专门设置了“诉理所”,接受了许多人的申诉,对有关案件做了重新审理和新的判决。宋哲宗亲政以后,否定“元祐更化”,从而也否定“元祐诉理”,同时审查了“元祐诉理”过程中否定神宗圣政的言论,对各案件及申诉人做了新的判处。宋徽宗初年,推行折中政治,否定了绍圣、元符年间的判处,又重新判处。崇宁年间蔡京当政,重新肯定绍圣、元符年间的处置。分析考察对“元祐诉理”的否定、肯定、再否定的过程,可以深化对北宋后期政治的认识,也可以从一个方面解答“元祐党籍”中为什么纳入了许多非元祐党人的疑问。