Some new innovative constructions and technologies for improvement of port structures are worked out and discussed. The aims of innovations are to increase structures＇ reliability, to decrease cost of construction an...Some new innovative constructions and technologies for improvement of port structures are worked out and discussed. The aims of innovations are to increase structures＇ reliability, to decrease cost of construction and maintenance, to simplify technology and cost of building. For these purposes either some main bearing elements or structures in whole are modified or improved. In particular different improved waterfront constructions as well as retaining walls and coastal protection （gravity, piled, sheet piling, etc.） for use in various soil conditions are outlined. One of them incorporates trapezoidal blocks forming columns, each block in the column contacts the others either with smaller or larger bases. Another design incorporates blocks that are constructed with holes ran through the centres of gravity of the blocks. Rigid cylinder element running through the holes of several adjacent blocks allows them to be joined forming large size units, The structure consisting of wedge form retaining wall is original but simple to construct, Some new designs based on perfection of sheet-piling walls （sheet piles with curvilinear cross-section having a form of semi-rings） are proposed for different applications. Proposals on modernization of some traditional structures and technologies are discussed.展开更多
The processes of globalization, the consequences of which are evident in all comers and at all levels of the contemporary world are linked to an increasing homogenization. Disciplines of architecture and urban design ...The processes of globalization, the consequences of which are evident in all comers and at all levels of the contemporary world are linked to an increasing homogenization. Disciplines of architecture and urban design contribute to that process, which is affecting the very definitions of place and identity. A desire to maintain and （re）create local identity within the context of that increasingly global world is connected to reviving of the past or to various interpretations of history, and preservation of the built environment of the place. This paper identifies peculiar processes of creation and maintenance of identity of place in the precincts of Tokyo Yanaka, Nezu and Sendagi, known as Yanesen. The authors argue that in Yanesen innovation appears as the byproduct of complex and creative responses to the threats of globalization, within a perpetual interplay of persistence and change. The paper opens a number of questions of where and how innovation in built environment can contribute to persistence of place identity.展开更多
There are some bad impacts from a critical land such as flood in rainy season and dryness in dry season. Long dryness could cause shortage of water for human consumption, industry and agriculture. Prevention has been ...There are some bad impacts from a critical land such as flood in rainy season and dryness in dry season. Long dryness could cause shortage of water for human consumption, industry and agriculture. Prevention has been made to avoid the both bad impacts by building hydraulic structures like reservoirs and ponds in order to reduce the peak flow during the rainy season and to store the water for use during the dry season. However, they gradually become full of sediment. This will make them work insufficiently and will cause high maintenance cost. Moreover, wells in agriculture field used as retention also suffer dryness to make crop failure. This study aims to develop a model of pond for conservation of land and water in non irrigated land. Community participation is crucial in order to solve the flood and dryness problems. The community, especially the farmers will participate actively in the implementation and maintenance of the model. There are benefits in using the pond model such as： （1） to control sediment transport to the rivers, reservoir or other hydraulic structures; （2） to reduce flood rate; （3） to increase ground water recharge; （4） to contain water for agriculture and （5） to control the fertility of land. The cost of making a unit of model （sedrainpond） of 1.5 m diameter and 1.5 meter depth is relatively cheap between $10 to $20 （US）, and the maintenance is done by the farmers. When the pond model becomes functional, besides containing water in the rainy season, the water can be used to sustain water for agriculture in the dry season to avoid any crop failure. When the pond becomes dry, the farmers can harvest the suspended load sediment such as clay or silt to spread onto their land to keep its fertility.展开更多
文摘Some new innovative constructions and technologies for improvement of port structures are worked out and discussed. The aims of innovations are to increase structures＇ reliability, to decrease cost of construction and maintenance, to simplify technology and cost of building. For these purposes either some main bearing elements or structures in whole are modified or improved. In particular different improved waterfront constructions as well as retaining walls and coastal protection （gravity, piled, sheet piling, etc.） for use in various soil conditions are outlined. One of them incorporates trapezoidal blocks forming columns, each block in the column contacts the others either with smaller or larger bases. Another design incorporates blocks that are constructed with holes ran through the centres of gravity of the blocks. Rigid cylinder element running through the holes of several adjacent blocks allows them to be joined forming large size units, The structure consisting of wedge form retaining wall is original but simple to construct, Some new designs based on perfection of sheet-piling walls （sheet piles with curvilinear cross-section having a form of semi-rings） are proposed for different applications. Proposals on modernization of some traditional structures and technologies are discussed.
文摘The processes of globalization, the consequences of which are evident in all comers and at all levels of the contemporary world are linked to an increasing homogenization. Disciplines of architecture and urban design contribute to that process, which is affecting the very definitions of place and identity. A desire to maintain and （re）create local identity within the context of that increasingly global world is connected to reviving of the past or to various interpretations of history, and preservation of the built environment of the place. This paper identifies peculiar processes of creation and maintenance of identity of place in the precincts of Tokyo Yanaka, Nezu and Sendagi, known as Yanesen. The authors argue that in Yanesen innovation appears as the byproduct of complex and creative responses to the threats of globalization, within a perpetual interplay of persistence and change. The paper opens a number of questions of where and how innovation in built environment can contribute to persistence of place identity.
文摘There are some bad impacts from a critical land such as flood in rainy season and dryness in dry season. Long dryness could cause shortage of water for human consumption, industry and agriculture. Prevention has been made to avoid the both bad impacts by building hydraulic structures like reservoirs and ponds in order to reduce the peak flow during the rainy season and to store the water for use during the dry season. However, they gradually become full of sediment. This will make them work insufficiently and will cause high maintenance cost. Moreover, wells in agriculture field used as retention also suffer dryness to make crop failure. This study aims to develop a model of pond for conservation of land and water in non irrigated land. Community participation is crucial in order to solve the flood and dryness problems. The community, especially the farmers will participate actively in the implementation and maintenance of the model. There are benefits in using the pond model such as： （1） to control sediment transport to the rivers, reservoir or other hydraulic structures; （2） to reduce flood rate; （3） to increase ground water recharge; （4） to contain water for agriculture and （5） to control the fertility of land. The cost of making a unit of model （sedrainpond） of 1.5 m diameter and 1.5 meter depth is relatively cheap between $10 to $20 （US）, and the maintenance is done by the farmers. When the pond model becomes functional, besides containing water in the rainy season, the water can be used to sustain water for agriculture in the dry season to avoid any crop failure. When the pond becomes dry, the farmers can harvest the suspended load sediment such as clay or silt to spread onto their land to keep its fertility.
