城市供水系统安全一直是国内外学者研究的热点。建筑供水系统(building water supply system, BWSS)作为城市供水最后一个环节,其水质安全日益受到重视。新型条件致病菌之一的分枝杆菌作为氯消毒管网中的优势菌种,具有耐热、抗消毒剂的...城市供水系统安全一直是国内外学者研究的热点。建筑供水系统(building water supply system, BWSS)作为城市供水最后一个环节,其水质安全日益受到重视。新型条件致病菌之一的分枝杆菌作为氯消毒管网中的优势菌种,具有耐热、抗消毒剂的特征,能在建筑供水系统中长期生存,并通过空气、皮肤等途径侵入人体,引发人体健康隐患。相比于建筑给水系统,分枝杆菌在热水系统中更易繁殖。研究表明淋浴热水是导致非结核分枝杆菌疾病的感染源之一,分枝杆菌对人类健康产生的威胁不容忽视。对建筑供水系统中分枝杆菌的检测方法、存在水平及影响因素进行了探讨与分析,并总结了相关控制技术,为建筑供水水质安全标准的制定提供了一定参考。展开更多
Yantian District in Shenzhen is a water deficient area. Water shortage has become a major obstacle to its further economic progress. Consequently, rational exploitation of nontraditional water resources(NWR)has been n...Yantian District in Shenzhen is a water deficient area. Water shortage has become a major obstacle to its further economic progress. Consequently, rational exploitation of nontraditional water resources(NWR)has been naturally adopted to increase local available water volume. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the exploitation of two kinds of NWR, namely wastewater reuse and seawater utilization, in Yantian District, and assess the contribution of each mode to deal with the water crisis. Two different nontraditional water supply systems respectively based on the reclaimed water and sea water were presented, and the effects of each system were evaluated in terms of technology, economy and environment. The result shows that both wastewater reclamation and reuse (WRR) and direct utilization of seawater (DUS) are of great importance to cope with the tight water resource situation in the district. The data indicate that the fresh water saved by WRR system and DUS system is 29 and 17 million m3/a respectively. Moreover, the BOD, COD, NH3-N and T-P reduced by the WRR system are 870, 2900, 725 and 87 t/a, respectively. Considering the integrated effectiveness, the development of WRR system, which is of specific significance to exploiting new water resource and save natural fresh water supplied from distant water diversion project, is the preferred methods used to solve the water shortage problem in Yantian District and recover the water environment as well as maintain the sustainable development of the city zone.展开更多
A design of a solar-wind electrical hybrid system to supply space heating requirements for a 1,200 m^2 residential building in Amman-Jordan was implemented. The building heating requirements were estimated from existi...A design of a solar-wind electrical hybrid system to supply space heating requirements for a 1,200 m^2 residential building in Amman-Jordan was implemented. The building heating requirements were estimated from existing heating building data based on traditional heating design already adopted by engineering firms in Jordan. The traditional heating load was transferred into electrical load to be supplied by hybrid system. The hybrid system consists of a 75 kW vertical axis windmill and 140 solar modules. Because of the high cost of land in residential buildings, the hybrid system is to be installed on the building roof. The hybrid system and the conventional systems＇ cost were found to be compatible in four years period when oil prices reach $100 per barrel. As the international price of oil rises above $100 per barrel, the proposed hybrid system becomes more economical than the already existing hot water heating system.展开更多
文摘城市供水系统安全一直是国内外学者研究的热点。建筑供水系统(building water supply system, BWSS)作为城市供水最后一个环节,其水质安全日益受到重视。新型条件致病菌之一的分枝杆菌作为氯消毒管网中的优势菌种,具有耐热、抗消毒剂的特征,能在建筑供水系统中长期生存,并通过空气、皮肤等途径侵入人体,引发人体健康隐患。相比于建筑给水系统,分枝杆菌在热水系统中更易繁殖。研究表明淋浴热水是导致非结核分枝杆菌疾病的感染源之一,分枝杆菌对人类健康产生的威胁不容忽视。对建筑供水系统中分枝杆菌的检测方法、存在水平及影响因素进行了探讨与分析,并总结了相关控制技术,为建筑供水水质安全标准的制定提供了一定参考。
文摘Yantian District in Shenzhen is a water deficient area. Water shortage has become a major obstacle to its further economic progress. Consequently, rational exploitation of nontraditional water resources(NWR)has been naturally adopted to increase local available water volume. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the exploitation of two kinds of NWR, namely wastewater reuse and seawater utilization, in Yantian District, and assess the contribution of each mode to deal with the water crisis. Two different nontraditional water supply systems respectively based on the reclaimed water and sea water were presented, and the effects of each system were evaluated in terms of technology, economy and environment. The result shows that both wastewater reclamation and reuse (WRR) and direct utilization of seawater (DUS) are of great importance to cope with the tight water resource situation in the district. The data indicate that the fresh water saved by WRR system and DUS system is 29 and 17 million m3/a respectively. Moreover, the BOD, COD, NH3-N and T-P reduced by the WRR system are 870, 2900, 725 and 87 t/a, respectively. Considering the integrated effectiveness, the development of WRR system, which is of specific significance to exploiting new water resource and save natural fresh water supplied from distant water diversion project, is the preferred methods used to solve the water shortage problem in Yantian District and recover the water environment as well as maintain the sustainable development of the city zone.
文摘A design of a solar-wind electrical hybrid system to supply space heating requirements for a 1,200 m^2 residential building in Amman-Jordan was implemented. The building heating requirements were estimated from existing heating building data based on traditional heating design already adopted by engineering firms in Jordan. The traditional heating load was transferred into electrical load to be supplied by hybrid system. The hybrid system consists of a 75 kW vertical axis windmill and 140 solar modules. Because of the high cost of land in residential buildings, the hybrid system is to be installed on the building roof. The hybrid system and the conventional systems＇ cost were found to be compatible in four years period when oil prices reach $100 per barrel. As the international price of oil rises above $100 per barrel, the proposed hybrid system becomes more economical than the already existing hot water heating system.
