Amphioctopus fangsiao is one of the most economically important species and has been considered to be a candidate for aquaculture. In order to facilitate its fine-scale genetic analyses, we constructed a normalized fu...Amphioctopus fangsiao is one of the most economically important species and has been considered to be a candidate for aquaculture. In order to facilitate its fine-scale genetic analyses, we constructed a normalized full-length library successfully and developed a set of microsatellite markers in this study. The normalized full-length library had a storage capacity of 6.9×105 independent clones. The recombination efficiency was 95% and the average size of inserted fragments was longer than 1000 bp. A total of 3440 high quality ESTs were obtained, which were assembled into 1803 unigenes. Of these unigenes, 450(25%) were assigned into 33 Gene Ontology terms, 576(31.9%) into 153 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways, and 275(15.3%) into 22 Clusters of Orthologous Groups. Seventy-six polymorphic microsatellite markers were identified. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 4 to 17, and the observed and expected heterozygosities varied between 0.167 and 0.967 and between 0.326 and 0.944, respectively. Twelve loci were significantly deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium after Bonferroni correction and no linkage disequilibrium was found between different loci. This study provided not only a useful resource for the isolation of the functional genes, but also a set of informative microsatellites for the assessment of population structure and conservation genetics of A. fangsiao.展开更多
Location of the heavily loaded building on the ground of the small load capacity requires application of the appropriate foundation structure. The required foundation system is most often deep, it is expensive and its...Location of the heavily loaded building on the ground of the small load capacity requires application of the appropriate foundation structure. The required foundation system is most often deep, it is expensive and its cost increases significantly when the building is located in earthquake area or in mining damage sector. The proposed structural system of the combined foundation makes possible to design and to construct a very stable and relative inexpensive foundation structure, which can obtain an extremely large horizontal surface and which can be placed not deeply beneath the terrain level. It can be a very solid support structure for a tall building placed on very weak subsoil and at the same time located in seismic area. This system can be applied not only for new buildings but it can be used for the existing buildings and moreover for straighten of the inclined objects. Due to special arrangement of component parts the combined foundation possesses inherent features of a vibration damper, what is highly desirable if buildings have to be located in earthquake areas. When the aboveground storeys structure has some similar patterns with structural form of the combined foundation then the structural system of the whole building obtains coherent structural characteristics and it is called the combined structural system of the tall building. Suitable application of this system makes possible to design high-rise buildings having interesting and unique architectonic forms, what is presented on a selected example.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 31302215, 31272643)the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (Nos. BS2014NY010, ZR2013CQ030)the Shandong Provincial Primary Research and Development Projects (No. 2015GNC110017)
文摘Amphioctopus fangsiao is one of the most economically important species and has been considered to be a candidate for aquaculture. In order to facilitate its fine-scale genetic analyses, we constructed a normalized full-length library successfully and developed a set of microsatellite markers in this study. The normalized full-length library had a storage capacity of 6.9×105 independent clones. The recombination efficiency was 95% and the average size of inserted fragments was longer than 1000 bp. A total of 3440 high quality ESTs were obtained, which were assembled into 1803 unigenes. Of these unigenes, 450(25%) were assigned into 33 Gene Ontology terms, 576(31.9%) into 153 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways, and 275(15.3%) into 22 Clusters of Orthologous Groups. Seventy-six polymorphic microsatellite markers were identified. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 4 to 17, and the observed and expected heterozygosities varied between 0.167 and 0.967 and between 0.326 and 0.944, respectively. Twelve loci were significantly deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium after Bonferroni correction and no linkage disequilibrium was found between different loci. This study provided not only a useful resource for the isolation of the functional genes, but also a set of informative microsatellites for the assessment of population structure and conservation genetics of A. fangsiao.
文摘Location of the heavily loaded building on the ground of the small load capacity requires application of the appropriate foundation structure. The required foundation system is most often deep, it is expensive and its cost increases significantly when the building is located in earthquake area or in mining damage sector. The proposed structural system of the combined foundation makes possible to design and to construct a very stable and relative inexpensive foundation structure, which can obtain an extremely large horizontal surface and which can be placed not deeply beneath the terrain level. It can be a very solid support structure for a tall building placed on very weak subsoil and at the same time located in seismic area. This system can be applied not only for new buildings but it can be used for the existing buildings and moreover for straighten of the inclined objects. Due to special arrangement of component parts the combined foundation possesses inherent features of a vibration damper, what is highly desirable if buildings have to be located in earthquake areas. When the aboveground storeys structure has some similar patterns with structural form of the combined foundation then the structural system of the whole building obtains coherent structural characteristics and it is called the combined structural system of the tall building. Suitable application of this system makes possible to design high-rise buildings having interesting and unique architectonic forms, what is presented on a selected example.
