工程质量管理中的建筑结构性能检测与评估

建筑结构性能的检测与评估是工程质量管理中的关键环节。本文首先阐述了建筑结构性能检测的重要性,随后介绍了当前常用的检测方法,包括无损检测技术、静态和动态荷载测试等。通过对比分析,本文指出各种检测方法的优缺点及其适用范围。在评估方面,本文探讨了结构性能评估的标准和流程,强调了风险评估在决策中的作用。最后,本文结合实际案例,展示了如何综合运用检测与评估技术,有效提升工程质量管理水平。研究结果表明,科学合理的检测与评估体系能够显著提高建筑结构的安全性和耐久性,对于保障工程质量具有重要意义。

基于ABAQUS的建筑结构体系性能分析研究

在建筑结构设计过程中,结构性能分析是一个关键步骤。当前应用于建筑结构体系性能分析的方法有经验法、判断法、地震烈度表法等,这几种方法虽有优点,但是也有一些的局限性。因此本文重点探究如何运用ABAQUS进行建筑结构体系性能分析。本文首先简要介绍ABAQUS,其次论述ABAQUS分析的一般步骤,最后剖析基于ABAQUS的建筑结构体系性能来分析方案。

建筑结构设计中概念设计运用分析

概念设计是以建筑设计理念为指导,体现建筑设计风格和多样化性能的设计方式。为增强概念设计在建筑结构设计中的应用效果,以建筑设计为主要研究对象,简述应用概念设计的基本要求和条件,着重对建筑结构设计中应用概念设计的情况进行研究,希望能够为当前建筑结构的设计优化提供一定思路。

施工技术在结构性建筑中的影响

阐述了施工技术在结构性建筑中的表现特征,探讨了结构和施工的关系,并结合案例从施工工艺与结构形态、结构构件、建造细节与品质、数字化的建造等方面分析了施工技术对结构性建筑的具体影响。

Initial pre-stress finding procedure and structural performance research for Levy cable dome based on linear adjustment theory

The cable-strut structural system is statically and kinematically indeterminate. The initial pre-stress is a key factor for determining the shape and load carrying capacity. A new numerical algorithm is presented herein for the initial pre-stress finding procedure of complete cable-strut assembly. This method is based on the linear adjustment theory and does not take into account the material behavior. By using this method,the initial pre-stress of the multi self-stress modes can be found easily and the cal-culation process is simplified and efficient also. Finally,the initial pre-stress and structural performances of a particular Levy cable dome are analyzed comprehensively. The algorithm has proven to be efficient and correct,and the numerical results are valuable for practical design of Levy cable dome.

A Study on the Architectural Application of Aerogel

As the building energy saving is more and more important, high-performing insulation like aerogel will be required in buildings to improve their thermal environment and to save building energy. This study conducted the literature survey on the aerogel blanket and presents the architectural application considering its high-insulating property. If aerogel is applied to a building as an envelope insulation, its thickness could be reduced to as half as that of existing insulation such as polystyrene foam board or glassfiber. Currently, aerogel is largely used as a thermal breaker in thermal bridges in buildings. It is still too expensive to be used as a main insulation of whole building envelopes. Thanks to the advantages of aerogel blanket such as low thermal conductivity, broad temperature range for use, excellent water repellent property and fire resistance, easiness of moving and applying, it has much possibility in the respect of its building application.

Natural ventilation performance of single room building with fluctuating wind speed and thermal mass

Natural ventilation is driven by either buoyancy forces or wind pressure forces or their combinations that inherit stochastic variation into ventilation rates. Since the ventilation rate is a nonlinear function of multiple variable factors including wind speed, wind direction, internal heat source and building structural thermal mass, the conventional methods for quantifying ventilation rate simply using dominant wind direction and average wind speed may not accurately describe the characteristic performance of natural ventilation. From a new point of view, the natural ventilation performance of a single room building under fluctuating wind speed condition using the Monte-Carlo simulation approach was investigated by incorporating building facade thermal mass effect. Given a same hourly turbulence intensity distribution, the wind speeds with 1 rain frequency fluctuations were generated using a stochastic model, the modified GARCH model. Comparisons of natural ventilation profiles, effective ventilation rates, and air conditioning electricity use for a three-month period show statistically significant differences （for 80% confidence interval） between the new calculations and the traditional methods based on hourly average wind speed.

Experimental Study on Seismic Performance of Tall Building with Steel Transfer Trusses Located at a Higher Level

Based on a shaking table experiment of 1 :25 scale frame-shearwall structure model with steel transfer trusses,the dynamic characteristics,seismic responses in elastic and elastic-plastic phases with de- structive forms of the structure were studied.It was observed that cracks were developed with earthquake wave acceleration increasing,but no severe crack was developed in the structure during the experiment.In the seismic responses caused by artificial wave,site wave and E1 Centro wave,that caused by the artificial wave is the most intense one.Displacement angle between steel transfer trusses is large,which means the transfer stories might be weak.However,the seismic performance of the steel transfer trusses is good and the overall structure can satisfy seismic fortification requirements in the region of intensity 6.

Research on Seismic Behavior of Sloping Field Building Structure

The paper set up 3D solid overall superstructure model of Foundation and Box foundation on Rock Slope Subgrade base using the ABAQUS, and the establish the infinite element boundary, superstructure displacement of Box foundation and foundation at Rock Slope Subgrade was studied by inputting different direction of earthquake response. The results show that, for the mountain frame structure, influence on the horizontal displacement of the vertical under the action of alone big earthquake, and vertical seismic action on horizontal displacement effect is smaller by mutual function of horizontal and vertical seismic, basically is same as response under the action of horizontal earthquake alone; for step shaped box foundation, the change trend of mutual function of horizontal and vertical earthquake was the complete opposite of the maximum story drift each layer under the one-way horizontal earthquake, which indicate the presence of vertical earthquake wave effect on the box foundation displacement cannot be ignored.

Seismic Performance of Dry-Friction Devices in Shear-Frame Buildings

In recent years the application of friction-based passive energy dissipation devices have been proven very effective in reducing structural response to earthquake excitations and also implemented for a large number of buildings. Their design heavily relies on numerical simulations to model the influence of the energy dissipation devices. The modeling of friction forces must be accurate for realistic simulation of the influence of these devices. In state-of-the-practice, the hysteretic behavior of friction devices has been typically modeled with Coulomb friction having a constant coefficient of friction. However, the basic laws for typical sliding materials and experimental investigations show non-linear relationship between friction and sliding velocity, which includes stiction and Stribeck effect. The influence of stiction and Stribeck effect may be significant and can not be ignored in simulating the dynamic responses of structures with friction-based energy dissipation devices. In this paper the optimal performance of dry friction device in shear-frame buildings when subjected to earthquake ground motions has been investigated. The focus of this paper is on the optimal minimization of response of the shear-frame building. Since buildings with friction devices behave in a highly nonlinear manner, nonlinear response-history analysis considering comprehensive sliding friction models has been carried out. The performance has also been evaluated using the various response measures： the maximum absolute acceleration, the maximum base shear, and the maximum inter-story drift. Different performance indices have been used to quantify the influence of the device properties.

Performance of a Curtainwall in the Magnitude 6.3 Christchurch Earthquake of February 22, 2011

On February 22,2011, Christchurch in New Zealand experienced a magnitude 6.3 earthquake which devastated many of the buildings in the city, especially those made of masonry construction. Janus Facades was asked to inspect the facade of a fourteen storey building which had a curtainwall-clad tower and granite and tile cladding on the three storey podium. The unitised curtainwall was not well designed. It did not have adequately sized joints in accordance with industry standards to absorb seismic effects and it was never really weathertight. Most of the damage to the curtainwall was caused by the damaged structure. Damage to the structure and internal fittings was also observed.

Discussion on the Effects of Temperature, Carbon Fiber and Silica

Concrete, as an essential construction material in the construction industry, is the main component of solid waste. To improve the strength and durability of concrete, some additives can be added into concrete to replace parts of cement. Carbon fiber and silica powder are the most common additives. Under a series of experiments, the effects of temperature, carbon fiber and silica powder on the mechanical properties of concrete were studied under normal circumstances. In this paper, a conclusion on the effects was drawn up mainly through some experimental analyses, so as to discuss the effect laws and provide a reference to manufacture the concrete of high strength and properties.

Elements of Structural Masonry Reinforced with Sisal Fibers

There is great interest in the use of natural fibers as reinforcement to obtain new construction materials due to its low cost, high availability and reduced energy consumption for its production. This paper evaluates the incorporation of sisal fibers of 20 mm and 40 mm in length and volume fraction of 0.5% and 1% for concrete masonry structural blocks, and determines the use of these units to build prisms and mini-walls. Laboratory tests were carried out to characterize the physical of blocks and mortar, in addition to the axial compression tests of the units, prisms, and mini-walls. The sisal had low apparent density and high water absorption, which is a common feature of such material due to the high incidence of permeable pores. The physical properties of the blocks with and without addition complied with the standard requirements established to validate their use. The obtained results showed that the fiber-reinforced mini-walls obtained values very close to or even higher than those obtained for the mini-walls without fibers, demonstrating better performance than the blocks and prisms.

Seismic Safety of RC Framed Buildings Designed According to Modern Codes

In order to ensure that a structure does not collapse when subjected to the action of strong ground motions, modern codes include prescriptions in order to guarantee the ductile behavior of the elements and of the whole structure. Obviously, it would be of special importance for the designer to know during the design process the extent of damage that the structure will suffer under the seismic action specified by the design spectrum and also the probability of occurrence of different states of behavior. The incremental nonlinear static analysis procedure used in this paper allows formulating a new, simplified, seismic damage index and damage thresholds associated with five limit states. The seismic behavior of a set of regular reinforced concrete buildings designed according to the EC-2/EC-8 prescriptions for a high seismic hazard level is then studied using the proposed damage index and damage states. Fragility curves and damage probability matrices corresponding to the performance point are calculated for the studied buildings. The obtained results show that the collapse damage state is not reached in the buildings designed according to the prescriptions of EC-2/EC-8 and also that the damage does not exceed the irreparable damage limit state.

Experimental Research on Seismic Performance of Storey-Adding Frame Structures

The seismic behaviors of an integral concreting frame, a light steel storey-adding frame and a storeyadding frame strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymer(CFRP)were investigated under low-cycle and repeated load(scale 1∶3). The failure characteristics, hysteretic behavior, rigidity degeneracy, deflection ductility and energy-dissipation capacity of the three specimens were compared. The test results reveal that chemicallybonded rebar technique can meet the requirements of storey-adding engineering. The carrying capacity, the deflection ductility, the energy-dissipating capacity and seismic performance of the light steel storey-adding frame are higher than those of the integral concreting frame, and they are the highest in the storey-adding frame strengthened with CFRP.

以适宜技术为导向探析影剧院楼座结构设计

本文基于建筑适宜技术的理念,以影剧院楼座结构方案为研究对象,就建筑结构性能、建筑效果、施工难点及经济性四方面进行比较,分析了在适宜的标准下、满足使用性能要求的四种合理方案,总结其优缺点,提出适宜的技术路线,为同类型结构的设计工作提供参考。