建筑间效应对自然通风住宅能耗影响的研究

利用DeST-VentPlus软件分别对建筑密度与室外来流风速对住宅建筑能耗的影响进行模拟研究,并采用IBE指数来量化能耗预估的准确性。模拟结果显示西安市具有良好的自然通风潜力,月能耗节约率最高可达45.6%。建筑间效应在夏季对建筑能耗的影响较大,建筑能耗与室外来流风速呈负相关,而与建筑密度成正相关。随小区建筑密度的增加,建筑能耗预估的准确性随之降低,其错误率最高可达75.5%。

The Combination Effect of Night Ventilation and Thermal Insulation on Passive Cooling of Buildings in Baghdad

An experimental investigation of passive cooling buildings has been carried out for a typical summer days extended from July to December of Baghdad in Iraq. Six independent chambers were designed and constructed for different roof constructions. Night ventilation has been applied to study the possibility of reducing air temperature in buildings by testing different air changes per hour extended from 5 to 30. Measurements outside chambers including air temperature; relative humidity and solar radiation were achieved, while surface temperature and air temperature inside the chambers were recorded. The results show that the air temperature can be decreased with a range from 3 ℃ to 6 ℃ when using 50 mm polystyrene. This decrease can further be lowered by 2 ℃ to 4 ℃ if night ventilation of change per hours in buildings is allowed. The reduction in air temperature can be reduced to 5 ℃ by combination of external night ventilation and white paint.